Release 4.10 arch/x86/kernel/e820.c

/*
 * Handle the memory map.
 * The functions here do the job until bootmem takes over.
 *
 *  Getting sanitize_e820_map() in sync with i386 version by applying change:
 *  -  Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
 *     Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
 *  Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
 *
 */
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/crash_dump.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/pfn.h>
#include <linux/suspend.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
#include <linux/firmware-map.h>
#include <linux/memblock.h>
#include <linux/sort.h>

#include <asm/e820.h>
#include <asm/proto.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>

/*
 * The e820 map is the map that gets modified e.g. with command line parameters
 * and that is also registered with modifications in the kernel resource tree
 * with the iomem_resource as parent.
 *
 * The e820_saved is directly saved after the BIOS-provided memory map is
 * copied. It doesn't get modified afterwards. It's registered for the
 * /sys/firmware/memmap interface.
 *
 * That memory map is not modified and is used as base for kexec. The kexec'd
 * kernel should get the same memory map as the firmware provides. Then the
 * user can e.g. boot the original kernel with mem=1G while still booting the
 * next kernel with full memory.
 */

static struct e820map initial_e820  __initdata;

static struct e820map initial_e820_saved  __initdata;

struct e820map *e820 __refdata = &initial_e820;

struct e820map *e820_saved __refdata = &initial_e820_saved;

/* For PCI or other memory-mapped resources */

unsigned long pci_mem_start = 0xaeedbabe;
#ifdef CONFIG_PCI

EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_mem_start);
#endif

/*
 * This function checks if any part of the range <start,end> is mapped
 * with type.
 */

int

e820_any_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];

		if (type && ei->type != type)
			continue;
		if (ei->addr >= end || ei->addr + ei->size <= start)
			continue;
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(e820_any_mapped);

/*
 * This function checks if the entire range <start,end> is mapped with type.
 *
 * Note: this function only works correct if the e820 table is sorted and
 * not-overlapping, which is the case
 */


int __init e820_all_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];

		if (type && ei->type != type)
			continue;
		/* is the region (part) in overlap with the current region ?*/
		if (ei->addr >= end || ei->addr + ei->size <= start)
			continue;

		/* if the region is at the beginning of <start,end> we move
                 * start to the end of the region since it's ok until there
                 */
		if (ei->addr <= start)
			start = ei->addr + ei->size;
		/*
                 * if start is now at or beyond end, we're done, full
                 * coverage
                 */
		if (start >= end)
			return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

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/*
 * Add a memory region to the kernel e820 map.
 */


static void __init __e820_add_region(struct e820map *e820x, u64 start, u64 size,
					 int type)
{
	int x = e820x->nr_map;

	if (x >= ARRAY_SIZE(e820x->map)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "e820: too many entries; ignoring [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
		       (unsigned long long) start,
		       (unsigned long long) (start + size - 1));
		return;
	}

	e820x->map[x].addr = start;
	e820x->map[x].size = size;
	e820x->map[x].type = type;
	e820x->nr_map++;
}

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void __init e820_add_region(u64 start, u64 size, int type)
{
	__e820_add_region(e820, start, size, type);
}

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static void __init e820_print_type(u32 type)
{
	switch (type) {
	case E820_RAM:
	case E820_RESERVED_KERN:
		printk(KERN_CONT "usable");
		break;
	case E820_RESERVED:
		printk(KERN_CONT "reserved");
		break;
	case E820_ACPI:
		printk(KERN_CONT "ACPI data");
		break;
	case E820_NVS:
		printk(KERN_CONT "ACPI NVS");
		break;
	case E820_UNUSABLE:
		printk(KERN_CONT "unusable");
		break;
	case E820_PMEM:
	case E820_PRAM:
		printk(KERN_CONT "persistent (type %u)", type);
		break;
	default:
		printk(KERN_CONT "type %u", type);
		break;
	}
}

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void __init e820_print_map(char *who)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		printk(KERN_INFO "%s: [mem %#018Lx-%#018Lx] ", who,
		       (unsigned long long) e820->map[i].addr,
		       (unsigned long long)
		       (e820->map[i].addr + e820->map[i].size - 1));
		e820_print_type(e820->map[i].type);
		printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
	}
}

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/*
 * Sanitize the BIOS e820 map.
 *
 * Some e820 responses include overlapping entries. The following
 * replaces the original e820 map with a new one, removing overlaps,
 * and resolving conflicting memory types in favor of highest
 * numbered type.
 *
 * The input parameter biosmap points to an array of 'struct
 * e820entry' which on entry has elements in the range [0, *pnr_map)
 * valid, and which has space for up to max_nr_map entries.
 * On return, the resulting sanitized e820 map entries will be in
 * overwritten in the same location, starting at biosmap.
 *
 * The integer pointed to by pnr_map must be valid on entry (the
 * current number of valid entries located at biosmap). If the
 * sanitizing succeeds the *pnr_map will be updated with the new
 * number of valid entries (something no more than max_nr_map).
 *
 * The return value from sanitize_e820_map() is zero if it
 * successfully 'sanitized' the map entries passed in, and is -1
 * if it did nothing, which can happen if either of (1) it was
 * only passed one map entry, or (2) any of the input map entries
 * were invalid (start + size < start, meaning that the size was
 * so big the described memory range wrapped around through zero.)
 *
 *      Visually we're performing the following
 *      (1,2,3,4 = memory types)...
 *
 *      Sample memory map (w/overlaps):
 *         ____22__________________
 *         ______________________4_
 *         ____1111________________
 *         _44_____________________
 *         11111111________________
 *         ____________________33__
 *         ___________44___________
 *         __________33333_________
 *         ______________22________
 *         ___________________2222_
 *         _________111111111______
 *         _____________________11_
 *         _________________4______
 *
 *      Sanitized equivalent (no overlap):
 *         1_______________________
 *         _44_____________________
 *         ___1____________________
 *         ____22__________________
 *         ______11________________
 *         _________1______________
 *         __________3_____________
 *         ___________44___________
 *         _____________33_________
 *         _______________2________
 *         ________________1_______
 *         _________________4______
 *         ___________________2____
 *         ____________________33__
 *         ______________________4_
 */

struct change_member {
	
struct e820entry *pbios; /* pointer to original bios entry */
	
unsigned long long addr; /* address for this change point */
};



static int __init cpcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
{
	struct change_member * const *app = a, * const *bpp = b;
	const struct change_member *ap = *app, *bp = *bpp;

	/*
         * Inputs are pointers to two elements of change_point[].  If their
         * addresses are unequal, their difference dominates.  If the addresses
         * are equal, then consider one that represents the end of its region
         * to be greater than one that does not.
         */
	if (ap->addr != bp->addr)
		return ap->addr > bp->addr ? 1 : -1;

	return (ap->addr != ap->pbios->addr) - (bp->addr != bp->pbios->addr);
}

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int __init sanitize_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int max_nr_map,
			     u32 *pnr_map)
{
	static struct change_member change_point_list[2*E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
	static struct change_member *change_point[2*E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
	static struct e820entry *overlap_list[E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
	static struct e820entry new_bios[E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
	unsigned long current_type, last_type;
	unsigned long long last_addr;
	int chgidx;
	int overlap_entries;
	int new_bios_entry;
	int old_nr, new_nr, chg_nr;
	int i;

	/* if there's only one memory region, don't bother */
	if (*pnr_map < 2)
		return -1;

	old_nr = *pnr_map;
	BUG_ON(old_nr > max_nr_map);

	/* bail out if we find any unreasonable addresses in bios map */
	for (i = 0; i < old_nr; i++)
		if (biosmap[i].addr + biosmap[i].size < biosmap[i].addr)
			return -1;

	/* create pointers for initial change-point information (for sorting) */
	for (i = 0; i < 2 * old_nr; i++)
		change_point[i] = &change_point_list[i];

	/* record all known change-points (starting and ending addresses),
           omitting those that are for empty memory regions */
	chgidx = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < old_nr; i++)	{
		if (biosmap[i].size != 0) {
			change_point[chgidx]->addr = biosmap[i].addr;
			change_point[chgidx++]->pbios = &biosmap[i];
			change_point[chgidx]->addr = biosmap[i].addr +
				biosmap[i].size;
			change_point[chgidx++]->pbios = &biosmap[i];
		}
	}
	chg_nr = chgidx;

	/* sort change-point list by memory addresses (low -> high) */
	sort(change_point, chg_nr, sizeof *change_point, cpcompare, NULL);

	/* create a new bios memory map, removing overlaps */
	overlap_entries = 0;	 /* number of entries in the overlap table */
	new_bios_entry = 0;	 /* index for creating new bios map entries */
	last_type = 0;		 /* start with undefined memory type */
	last_addr = 0;		 /* start with 0 as last starting address */

	/* loop through change-points, determining affect on the new bios map */
	for (chgidx = 0; chgidx < chg_nr; chgidx++) {
		/* keep track of all overlapping bios entries */
		if (change_point[chgidx]->addr ==
		    change_point[chgidx]->pbios->addr) {
			/*
                         * add map entry to overlap list (> 1 entry
                         * implies an overlap)
                         */
			overlap_list[overlap_entries++] =
				change_point[chgidx]->pbios;
		} else {
			/*
                         * remove entry from list (order independent,
                         * so swap with last)
                         */
			for (i = 0; i < overlap_entries; i++) {
				if (overlap_list[i] ==
				    change_point[chgidx]->pbios)
					overlap_list[i] =
						overlap_list[overlap_entries-1];
			}
			overlap_entries--;
		}
		/*
                 * if there are overlapping entries, decide which
                 * "type" to use (larger value takes precedence --
                 * 1=usable, 2,3,4,4+=unusable)
                 */
		current_type = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < overlap_entries; i++)
			if (overlap_list[i]->type > current_type)
				current_type = overlap_list[i]->type;
		/*
                 * continue building up new bios map based on this
                 * information
                 */
		if (current_type != last_type || current_type == E820_PRAM) {
			if (last_type != 0)	 {
				new_bios[new_bios_entry].size =
					change_point[chgidx]->addr - last_addr;
				/*
                                 * move forward only if the new size
                                 * was non-zero
                                 */
				if (new_bios[new_bios_entry].size != 0)
					/*
                                         * no more space left for new
                                         * bios entries ?
                                         */
					if (++new_bios_entry >= max_nr_map)
						break;
			}
			if (current_type != 0)	{
				new_bios[new_bios_entry].addr =
					change_point[chgidx]->addr;
				new_bios[new_bios_entry].type = current_type;
				last_addr = change_point[chgidx]->addr;
			}
			last_type = current_type;
		}
	}
	/* retain count for new bios entries */
	new_nr = new_bios_entry;

	/* copy new bios mapping into original location */
	memcpy(biosmap, new_bios, new_nr * sizeof(struct e820entry));
	*pnr_map = new_nr;

	return 0;
}

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static int __init __append_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int nr_map)
{
	while (nr_map) {
		u64 start = biosmap->addr;
		u64 size = biosmap->size;
		u64 end = start + size - 1;
		u32 type = biosmap->type;

		/* Overflow in 64 bits? Ignore the memory map. */
		if (start > end && likely(size))
			return -1;

		e820_add_region(start, size, type);

		biosmap++;
		nr_map--;
	}
	return 0;
}

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/*
 * Copy the BIOS e820 map into a safe place.
 *
 * Sanity-check it while we're at it..
 *
 * If we're lucky and live on a modern system, the setup code
 * will have given us a memory map that we can use to properly
 * set up memory.  If we aren't, we'll fake a memory map.
 */


static int __init append_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int nr_map)
{
	/* Only one memory region (or negative)? Ignore it */
	if (nr_map < 2)
		return -1;

	return __append_e820_map(biosmap, nr_map);
}

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static u64 __init __e820_update_range(struct e820map *e820x, u64 start,
					u64 size, unsigned old_type,
					unsigned new_type)
{
	u64 end;
	unsigned int i;
	u64 real_updated_size = 0;

	BUG_ON(old_type == new_type);

	if (size > (ULLONG_MAX - start))
		size = ULLONG_MAX - start;

	end = start + size;
	printk(KERN_DEBUG "e820: update [mem %#010Lx-%#010Lx] ",
	       (unsigned long long) start, (unsigned long long) (end - 1));
	e820_print_type(old_type);
	printk(KERN_CONT " ==> ");
	e820_print_type(new_type);
	printk(KERN_CONT "\n");

	for (i = 0; i < e820x->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820x->map[i];
		u64 final_start, final_end;
		u64 ei_end;

		if (ei->type != old_type)
			continue;

		ei_end = ei->addr + ei->size;
		/* totally covered by new range? */
		if (ei->addr >= start && ei_end <= end) {
			ei->type = new_type;
			real_updated_size += ei->size;
			continue;
		}

		/* new range is totally covered? */
		if (ei->addr < start && ei_end > end) {
			__e820_add_region(e820x, start, size, new_type);
			__e820_add_region(e820x, end, ei_end - end, ei->type);
			ei->size = start - ei->addr;
			real_updated_size += size;
			continue;
		}

		/* partially covered */
		final_start = max(start, ei->addr);
		final_end = min(end, ei_end);
		if (final_start >= final_end)
			continue;

		__e820_add_region(e820x, final_start, final_end - final_start,
				  new_type);

		real_updated_size += final_end - final_start;

		/*
                 * left range could be head or tail, so need to update
                 * size at first.
                 */
		ei->size -= final_end - final_start;
		if (ei->addr < final_start)
			continue;
		ei->addr = final_end;
	}
	return real_updated_size;
}

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u64 __init e820_update_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
			     unsigned new_type)
{
	return __e820_update_range(e820, start, size, old_type, new_type);
}

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static u64 __init e820_update_range_saved(u64 start, u64 size,
					  unsigned old_type, unsigned new_type)
{
	return __e820_update_range(e820_saved, start, size, old_type,
				     new_type);
}

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/* make e820 not cover the range */


u64 __init e820_remove_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
			     int checktype)
{
	int i;
	u64 end;
	u64 real_removed_size = 0;

	if (size > (ULLONG_MAX - start))
		size = ULLONG_MAX - start;

	end = start + size;
	printk(KERN_DEBUG "e820: remove [mem %#010Lx-%#010Lx] ",
	       (unsigned long long) start, (unsigned long long) (end - 1));
	if (checktype)
		e820_print_type(old_type);
	printk(KERN_CONT "\n");

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];
		u64 final_start, final_end;
		u64 ei_end;

		if (checktype && ei->type != old_type)
			continue;

		ei_end = ei->addr + ei->size;
		/* totally covered? */
		if (ei->addr >= start && ei_end <= end) {
			real_removed_size += ei->size;
			memset(ei, 0, sizeof(struct e820entry));
			continue;
		}

		/* new range is totally covered? */
		if (ei->addr < start && ei_end > end) {
			e820_add_region(end, ei_end - end, ei->type);
			ei->size = start - ei->addr;
			real_removed_size += size;
			continue;
		}

		/* partially covered */
		final_start = max(start, ei->addr);
		final_end = min(end, ei_end);
		if (final_start >= final_end)
			continue;
		real_removed_size += final_end - final_start;

		/*
                 * left range could be head or tail, so need to update
                 * size at first.
                 */
		ei->size -= final_end - final_start;
		if (ei->addr < final_start)
			continue;
		ei->addr = final_end;
	}
	return real_removed_size;
}

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void __init update_e820(void)
{
	if (sanitize_e820_map(e820->map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820->map), &e820->nr_map))
		return;
	printk(KERN_INFO "e820: modified physical RAM map:\n");
	e820_print_map("modified");
}
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static void __init update_e820_saved(void)
{
	sanitize_e820_map(e820_saved->map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820_saved->map),
				&e820_saved->nr_map);
}
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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
24
85.71%
1
33.33%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
3
10.71%
1
33.33%
wang chao
wang chao
1
3.57%
1
33.33%
Total
28
100.00%
3
100.00%


#define MAX_GAP_END 0x100000000ull
/*
 * Search for a gap in the e820 memory space from start_addr to end_addr.
 */


__init int e820_search_gap(unsigned long *gapstart, unsigned long *gapsize,
		unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long long end_addr)
{
	unsigned long long last;
	int i = e820->nr_map;
	int found = 0;

	last = (end_addr && end_addr < MAX_GAP_END) ? end_addr : MAX_GAP_END;

	while (--i >= 0) {
		unsigned long long start = e820->map[i].addr;
		unsigned long long end = start + e820->map[i].size;

		if (end < start_addr)
			continue;

		/*
                 * Since "last" is at most 4GB, we know we'll
                 * fit in 32 bits if this condition is true
                 */
		if (last > end) {
			unsigned long gap = last - end;

			if (gap >= *gapsize) {
				*gapsize = gap;
				*gapstart = end;
				found = 1;
			}
		}
		if (start < last)
			last = start;
	}
	return found;
}

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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
102
65.81%
1
25.00%
alok kataria
alok kataria
50
32.26%
2
50.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
3
1.94%
1
25.00%
Total
155
100.00%
4
100.00%

/*
 * Search for the biggest gap in the low 32 bits of the e820
 * memory space.  We pass this space to PCI to assign MMIO resources
 * for hotplug or unconfigured devices in.
 * Hopefully the BIOS let enough space left.
 */


__init void e820_setup_gap(void)
{
	unsigned long gapstart, gapsize;
	int found;

	gapstart = 0x10000000;
	gapsize = 0x400000;
	found  = e820_search_gap(&gapstart, &gapsize, 0, MAX_GAP_END);

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	if (!found) {
		gapstart = (max_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + 1024*1024;
		printk(KERN_ERR
	"e820: cannot find a gap in the 32bit address range\n"
	"e820: PCI devices with unassigned 32bit BARs may break!\n");
	}
#endif

	/*
         * e820_reserve_resources_late protect stolen RAM already
         */
	pci_mem_start = gapstart;

	printk(KERN_INFO
	       "e820: [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] available for PCI devices\n",
	       gapstart, gapstart + gapsize - 1);
}

Contributors
Person
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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
44
48.89%
3
50.00%
alok kataria
alok kataria
39
43.33%
2
33.33%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
7
7.78%
1
16.67%
Total
90
100.00%
6
100.00%

/*
 * Called late during init, in free_initmem().
 *
 * Initial e820 and e820_saved are largish __initdata arrays.
 * Copy them to (usually much smaller) dynamically allocated area.
 * This is done after all tweaks we ever do to them:
 * all functions which modify them are __init functions,
 * they won't exist after this point.
 */


__init void e820_reallocate_tables(void)
{
	struct e820map *n;
	int size;

	size = offsetof(struct e820map, map) + sizeof(struct e820entry) * e820->nr_map;
	n = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
	BUG_ON(!n);
	memcpy(n, e820, size);
	e820 = n;

	size = offsetof(struct e820map, map) + sizeof(struct e820entry) * e820_saved->nr_map;
	n = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
	BUG_ON(!n);
	memcpy(n, e820_saved, size);
	e820_saved = n;
}

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denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
112
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
112
100.00%
1
100.00%

/**
 * Because of the size limitation of struct boot_params, only first
 * 128 E820 memory entries are passed to kernel via
 * boot_params.e820_map, others are passed via SETUP_E820_EXT node of
 * linked list of struct setup_data, which is parsed here.
 */


void __init parse_e820_ext(u64 phys_addr, u32 data_len)
{
	int entries;
	struct e820entry *extmap;
	struct setup_data *sdata;

	sdata = early_memremap(phys_addr, data_len);
	entries = sdata->len / sizeof(struct e820entry);
	extmap = (struct e820entry *)(sdata->data);
	__append_e820_map(extmap, entries);
	sanitize_e820_map(e820->map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820->map), &e820->nr_map);
	early_memunmap(sdata, data_len);
	printk(KERN_INFO "e820: extended physical RAM map:\n");
	e820_print_map("extended");
}

Contributors
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huang ying
huang ying
72
69.90%
1
16.67%
linn crosetto
linn crosetto
25
24.27%
1
16.67%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
3
2.91%
1
16.67%
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
1
0.97%
1
16.67%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
1
0.97%
1
16.67%
juergen gross
juergen gross
1
0.97%
1
16.67%
Total
103
100.00%
6
100.00%

#if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || \
	(defined(CONFIG_X86_32) && defined(CONFIG_HIBERNATION))
/**
 * Find the ranges of physical addresses that do not correspond to
 * e820 RAM areas and mark the corresponding pages as nosave for
 * hibernation (32 bit) or software suspend and suspend to RAM (64 bit).
 *
 * This function requires the e820 map to be sorted and without any
 * overlapping entries.
 */


void __init e820_mark_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn)
{
	int i;
	unsigned long pfn = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];

		if (pfn < PFN_UP(ei->addr))
			register_nosave_region(pfn, PFN_UP(ei->addr));

		pfn = PFN_DOWN(ei->addr + ei->size);

		if (ei->type != E820_RAM && ei->type != E820_RESERVED_KERN)
			register_nosave_region(PFN_UP(ei->addr), pfn);

		if (pfn >= limit_pfn)
			break;
	}
}
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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
113
95.76%
2
50.00%
chun-yi lee
chun-yi lee
3
2.54%
1
25.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
2
1.69%
1
25.00%
Total
118
100.00%
4
100.00%

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI
/**
 * Mark ACPI NVS memory region, so that we can save/restore it during
 * hibernation and the subsequent resume.
 */


static int __init e820_mark_nvs_memory(void)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];

		if (ei->type == E820_NVS)
			acpi_nvs_register(ei->addr, ei->size);
	}

	return 0;
}
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rafael j. wysocki
rafael j. wysocki
61
95.31%
1
33.33%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
2
3.12%
1
33.33%
huang ying
huang ying
1
1.56%
1
33.33%
Total
64
100.00%
3
100.00%


core_initcall(e820_mark_nvs_memory);
#endif

/*
 * pre allocated 4k and reserved it in memblock and e820_saved
 */


u64 __init early_reserve_e820(u64 size, u64 align)
{
	u64 addr;

	addr = __memblock_alloc_base(size, align, MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ACCESSIBLE);
	if (addr) {
		e820_update_range_saved(addr, size, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
		printk(KERN_INFO "e820: update e820_saved for early_reserve_e820\n");
		update_e820_saved();
	}

	return addr;
}

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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
43
78.18%
2
40.00%
tejun heo
tejun heo
7
12.73%
1
20.00%
jan beulich
jan beulich
4
7.27%
1
20.00%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
1
1.82%
1
20.00%
Total
55
100.00%
5
100.00%

#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
# ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE

#  define MAX_ARCH_PFN		(1ULL<<(36-PAGE_SHIFT))
# else

#  define MAX_ARCH_PFN		(1ULL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT))
# endif
#else /* CONFIG_X86_32 */

# define MAX_ARCH_PFN MAXMEM>>PAGE_SHIFT
#endif

/*
 * Find the highest page frame number we have available
 */


static unsigned long __init e820_end_pfn(unsigned long limit_pfn, unsigned type)
{
	int i;
	unsigned long last_pfn = 0;
	unsigned long max_arch_pfn = MAX_ARCH_PFN;

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];
		unsigned long start_pfn;
		unsigned long end_pfn;

		if (ei->type != type)
			continue;

		start_pfn = ei->addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
		end_pfn = (ei->addr + ei->size) >> PAGE_SHIFT;

		if (start_pfn >= limit_pfn)
			continue;
		if (end_pfn > limit_pfn) {
			last_pfn = limit_pfn;
			break;
		}
		if (end_pfn > last_pfn)
			last_pfn = end_pfn;
	}

	if (last_pfn > max_arch_pfn)
		last_pfn = max_arch_pfn;

	printk(KERN_INFO "e820: last_pfn = %#lx max_arch_pfn = %#lx\n",
			 last_pfn, max_arch_pfn);
	return last_pfn;
}
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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
146
96.05%
4
57.14%
dan williams
dan williams
3
1.97%
1
14.29%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
2
1.32%
1
14.29%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
1
0.66%
1
14.29%
Total
152
100.00%
7
100.00%



unsigned long __init e820_end_of_ram_pfn(void)
{
	return e820_end_pfn(MAX_ARCH_PFN, E820_RAM);
}

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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
15
88.24%
1
50.00%
dan williams
dan williams
2
11.76%
1
50.00%
Total
17
100.00%
2
100.00%



unsigned long __init e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn(void)
{
	return e820_end_pfn(1UL << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT), E820_RAM);
}

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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
21
91.30%
1
50.00%
dan williams
dan williams
2
8.70%
1
50.00%
Total
23
100.00%
2
100.00%



static void __init early_panic(char *msg)
{
	early_printk(msg);
	panic(msg);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
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CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
20
95.24%
1
50.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
4.76%
1
50.00%
Total
21
100.00%
2
100.00%


static int userdef __initdata;

/* "mem=nopentium" disables the 4MB page tables. */


static int __init parse_memopt(char *p)
{
	u64 mem_size;

	if (!p)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!strcmp(p, "nopentium")) {
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_PSE);
		return 0;
#else
		printk(KERN_WARNING "mem=nopentium ignored! (only supported on x86_32)\n");
		return -EINVAL;
#endif
	}

	userdef = 1;
	mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
	/* don't remove all of memory when handling "mem={invalid}" param */
	if (mem_size == 0)
		return -EINVAL;
	e820_remove_range(mem_size, ULLONG_MAX - mem_size, E820_RAM, 1);

	return 0;
}
Contributors
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CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
63
62.38%
2
40.00%
kamal mostafa
kamal mostafa
27
26.73%
2
40.00%
bernhard walle
bernhard walle
11
10.89%
1
20.00%
Total
101
100.00%
5
100.00%

early_param("mem", parse_memopt);



static int __init parse_memmap_one(char *p)
{
	char *oldp;
	u64 start_at, mem_size;

	if (!p)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!strncmp(p, "exactmap", 8)) {
#ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
		/*
                 * If we are doing a crash dump, we still need to know
                 * the real mem size before original memory map is
                 * reset.
                 */
		saved_max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
#endif
		e820->nr_map = 0;
		userdef = 1;
		return 0;
	}

	oldp = p;
	mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
	if (p == oldp)
		return -EINVAL;

	userdef = 1;
	if (*p == '@') {
		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_RAM);
	} else if (*p == '#') {
		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_ACPI);
	} else if (*p == '$') {
		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_RESERVED);
	} else if (*p == '!') {
		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_PRAM);
	} else
		e820_remove_range(mem_size, ULLONG_MAX - mem_size, E820_RAM, 1);

	return *p == '\0' ? 0 : -EINVAL;
}
Contributors
Person
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yinghai lu
yinghai lu
188
77.37%
5
50.00%
christoph hellwig
christoph hellwig
31
12.76%
1
10.00%
bernhard walle
bernhard walle
11
4.53%
1
10.00%
cyrill gorcunov
cyrill gorcunov
9
3.70%
1
10.00%
prarit bhargava
prarit bhargava
3
1.23%
1
10.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
0.41%
1
10.00%
Total
243
100.00%
10
100.00%



static int __init parse_memmap_opt(char *str)
{
	while (str) {
		char *k = strchr(str, ',');

		if (k)
			*k++ = 0;

		parse_memmap_one(str);
		str = k;
	}

	return 0;
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
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CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
50
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
50
100.00%
1
100.00%

early_param("memmap", parse_memmap_opt);



void __init finish_e820_parsing(void)
{
	if (userdef) {
		if (sanitize_e820_map(e820->map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820->map),
					&e820->nr_map) < 0)
			early_panic("Invalid user supplied memory map");

		printk(KERN_INFO "e820: user-defined physical RAM map:\n");
		e820_print_map("user");
	}
}

Contributors
Person
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CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
47
88.68%
1
25.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
3
5.66%
1
25.00%
wang chao
wang chao
2
3.77%
1
25.00%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
1
1.89%
1
25.00%
Total
53
100.00%
4
100.00%



static const char *__init e820_type_to_string(int e820_type)
{
	switch (e820_type) {
	case E820_RESERVED_KERN:
	case E820_RAM:	return "System RAM";
	case E820_ACPI:	return "ACPI Tables";
	case E820_NVS:	return "ACPI Non-volatile Storage";
	case E820_UNUSABLE:	return "Unusable memory";
	case E820_PRAM: return "Persistent Memory (legacy)";
	case E820_PMEM: return "Persistent Memory";
	default:	return "reserved";
	}
}

Contributors
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Tokens
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CommitProp
bernhard walle
bernhard walle
42
68.85%
1
20.00%
dan williams
dan williams
7
11.48%
1
20.00%
joseph cihula
joseph cihula
6
9.84%
1
20.00%
christoph hellwig
christoph hellwig
5
8.20%
1
20.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
1.64%
1
20.00%
Total
61
100.00%
5
100.00%



static unsigned long __init e820_type_to_iomem_type(int e820_type)
{
	switch (e820_type) {
	case E820_RESERVED_KERN:
	case E820_RAM:
		return IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM;
	case E820_ACPI:
	case E820_NVS:
	case E820_UNUSABLE:
	case E820_PRAM:
	case E820_PMEM:
	default:
		return IORESOURCE_MEM;
	}
}

Contributors
Person
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CommitProp
toshi kani
toshi kani
44
97.78%
1
50.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
2.22%
1
50.00%
Total
45
100.00%
2
100.00%



static unsigned long __init e820_type_to_iores_desc(int e820_type)
{
	switch (e820_type) {
	case E820_ACPI:
		return IORES_DESC_ACPI_TABLES;
	case E820_NVS:
		return IORES_DESC_ACPI_NV_STORAGE;
	case E820_PMEM:
		return IORES_DESC_PERSISTENT_MEMORY;
	case E820_PRAM:
		return IORES_DESC_PERSISTENT_MEMORY_LEGACY;
	case E820_RESERVED_KERN:
	case E820_RAM:
	case E820_UNUSABLE:
	default:
		return IORES_DESC_NONE;
	}
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
toshi kani
toshi kani
53
98.15%
1
50.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
1.85%
1
50.00%
Total
54
100.00%
2
100.00%



static bool __init do_mark_busy(u32 type, struct resource *res)
{
	/* this is the legacy bios/dos rom-shadow + mmio region */
	if (res->start < (1ULL<<20))
		return true;

	/*
         * Treat persistent memory like device memory, i.e. reserve it
         * for exclusive use of a driver
         */
	switch (type) {
	case E820_RESERVED:
	case E820_PRAM:
	case E820_PMEM:
		return false;
	default:
		return true;
	}
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
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CommitProp
dan williams
dan williams
53
98.15%
1
50.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
1.85%
1
50.00%
Total
54
100.00%
2
100.00%

/*
 * Mark e820 reserved areas as busy for the resource manager.
 */

static struct resource __initdata *e820_res;


void __init e820_reserve_resources(void)
{
	int i;
	struct resource *res;
	u64 end;

	res = alloc_bootmem(sizeof(struct resource) * e820->nr_map);
	e820_res = res;
	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		end = e820->map[i].addr + e820->map[i].size - 1;
		if (end != (resource_size_t)end) {
			res++;
			continue;
		}
		res->name = e820_type_to_string(e820->map[i].type);
		res->start = e820->map[i].addr;
		res->end = end;

		res->flags = e820_type_to_iomem_type(e820->map[i].type);
		res->desc = e820_type_to_iores_desc(e820->map[i].type);

		/*
                 * don't register the region that could be conflicted with
                 * pci device BAR resource and insert them later in
                 * pcibios_resource_survey()
                 */
		if (do_mark_busy(e820->map[i].type, res)) {
			res->flags |= IORESOURCE_BUSY;
			insert_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
		}
		res++;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < e820_saved->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *entry = &e820_saved->map[i];
		firmware_map_add_early(entry->addr,
			entry->addr + entry->size,
			e820_type_to_string(entry->type));
	}
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
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CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
117
47.37%
3
25.00%
bernhard walle
bernhard walle
65
26.32%
1
8.33%
toshi kani
toshi kani
25
10.12%
1
8.33%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
11
4.45%
1
8.33%
linus torvalds
linus torvalds
8
3.24%
1
8.33%
christoph hellwig
christoph hellwig
7
2.83%
1
8.33%
jeremy fitzhardinge
jeremy fitzhardinge
5
2.02%
1
8.33%
ingo molnar
ingo molnar
4
1.62%
1
8.33%
dan williams
dan williams
4
1.62%
1
8.33%
jan beulich
jan beulich
1
0.40%
1
8.33%
Total
247
100.00%
12
100.00%

/* How much should we pad RAM ending depending on where it is? */


static unsigned long __init ram_alignment(resource_size_t pos)
{
	unsigned long mb = pos >> 20;

	/* To 64kB in the first megabyte */
	if (!mb)
		return 64*1024;

	/* To 1MB in the first 16MB */
	if (mb < 16)
		return 1024*1024;

	/* To 64MB for anything above that */
	return 64*1024*1024;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
linus torvalds
linus torvalds
47
94.00%
1
33.33%
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
2
4.00%
1
33.33%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
2.00%
1
33.33%
Total
50
100.00%
3
100.00%


#define MAX_RESOURCE_SIZE ((resource_size_t)-1)



void __init e820_reserve_resources_late(void)
{
	int i;
	struct resource *res;

	res = e820_res;
	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		if (!res->parent && res->end)
			insert_resource_expand_to_fit(&iomem_resource, res);
		res++;
	}

	/*
         * Try to bump up RAM regions to reasonable boundaries to
         * avoid stolen RAM:
         */
	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *entry = &e820->map[i];
		u64 start, end;

		if (entry->type != E820_RAM)
			continue;
		start = entry->addr + entry->size;
		end = round_up(start, ram_alignment(start)) - 1;
		if (end > MAX_RESOURCE_SIZE)
			end = MAX_RESOURCE_SIZE;
		if (start >= end)
			continue;
		printk(KERN_DEBUG
		       "e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
		       start, end);
		reserve_region_with_split(&iomem_resource, start, end,
					  "RAM buffer");
	}
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
linus torvalds
linus torvalds
82
49.10%
2
25.00%
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
76
45.51%
3
37.50%
ingo molnar
ingo molnar
5
2.99%
1
12.50%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
3
1.80%
1
12.50%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
1
0.60%
1
12.50%
Total
167
100.00%
8
100.00%



char *__init default_machine_specific_memory_setup(void)
{
	char *who = "BIOS-e820";
	u32 new_nr;
	/*
         * Try to copy the BIOS-supplied E820-map.
         *
         * Otherwise fake a memory map; one section from 0k->640k,
         * the next section from 1mb->appropriate_mem_k
         */
	new_nr = boot_params.e820_entries;
	sanitize_e820_map(boot_params.e820_map,
			ARRAY_SIZE(boot_params.e820_map),
			&new_nr);
	boot_params.e820_entries = new_nr;
	if (append_e820_map(boot_params.e820_map, boot_params.e820_entries)
	  < 0) {
		u64 mem_size;

		/* compare results from other methods and take the greater */
		if (boot_params.alt_mem_k
		    < boot_params.screen_info.ext_mem_k) {
			mem_size = boot_params.screen_info.ext_mem_k;
			who = "BIOS-88";
		} else {
			mem_size = boot_params.alt_mem_k;
			who = "BIOS-e801";
		}

		e820->nr_map = 0;
		e820_add_region(0, LOWMEMSIZE(), E820_RAM);
		e820_add_region(HIGH_MEMORY, mem_size << 10, E820_RAM);
	}

	/* In case someone cares... */
	return who;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
137
98.56%
3
60.00%
jaswinder singh rajput
jaswinder singh rajput
1
0.72%
1
20.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
1
0.72%
1
20.00%
Total
139
100.00%
5
100.00%



void __init setup_memory_map(void)
{
	char *who;

	who = x86_init.resources.memory_setup();
	memcpy(e820_saved, e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
	printk(KERN_INFO "e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:\n");
	e820_print_map(who);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
40
88.89%
2
50.00%
thomas gleixner
thomas gleixner
4
8.89%
1
25.00%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
1
2.22%
1
25.00%
Total
45
100.00%
4
100.00%



void __init memblock_x86_fill(void)
{
	int i;
	u64 end;

	/*
         * EFI may have more than 128 entries
         * We are safe to enable resizing, beause memblock_x86_fill()
         * is rather later for x86
         */
	memblock_allow_resize();

	for (i = 0; i < e820->nr_map; i++) {
		struct e820entry *ei = &e820->map[i];

		end = ei->addr + ei->size;
		if (end != (resource_size_t)end)
			continue;

		if (ei->type != E820_RAM && ei->type != E820_RESERVED_KERN)
			continue;

		memblock_add(ei->addr, ei->size);
	}

	/* throw away partial pages */
	memblock_trim_memory(PAGE_SIZE);

	memblock_dump_all();
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
99
96.12%
2
50.00%
tejun heo
tejun heo
2
1.94%
1
25.00%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
2
1.94%
1
25.00%
Total
103
100.00%
4
100.00%



void __init memblock_find_dma_reserve(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
	u64 nr_pages = 0, nr_free_pages = 0;
	unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
	phys_addr_t start, end;
	int i;
	u64 u;

	/*
         * need to find out used area below MAX_DMA_PFN
         * need to use memblock to get free size in [0, MAX_DMA_PFN]
         * at first, and assume boot_mem will not take below MAX_DMA_PFN
         */
	for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start_pfn, &end_pfn, NULL) {
		start_pfn = min(start_pfn, MAX_DMA_PFN);
		end_pfn = min(end_pfn, MAX_DMA_PFN);
		nr_pages += end_pfn - start_pfn;
	}

	for_each_free_mem_range(u, NUMA_NO_NODE, MEMBLOCK_NONE, &start, &end,
				NULL) {
		start_pfn = min_t(unsigned long, PFN_UP(start), MAX_DMA_PFN);
		end_pfn = min_t(unsigned long, PFN_DOWN(end), MAX_DMA_PFN);
		if (start_pfn < end_pfn)
			nr_free_pages += end_pfn - start_pfn;
	}

	set_dma_reserve(nr_pages - nr_free_pages);
#endif
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
tejun heo
tejun heo
95
70.37%
1
20.00%
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
31
22.96%
1
20.00%
xishi qiu
xishi qiu
6
4.44%
1
20.00%
tony luck
tony luck
2
1.48%
1
20.00%
grygorii strashko
grygorii strashko
1
0.74%
1
20.00%
Total
135
100.00%
5
100.00%

Overall Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
yinghai lu
yinghai lu
3300
69.42%
39
43.82%
denys vlasenko
denys vlasenko
191
4.02%
3
3.37%
linus torvalds
linus torvalds
138
2.90%
2
2.25%
bernhard walle
bernhard walle
137
2.88%
2
2.25%
mike ditto
mike ditto
129
2.71%
1
1.12%
toshi kani
toshi kani
122
2.57%
1
1.12%
huang ying
huang ying
112
2.36%
2
2.25%
tejun heo
tejun heo
104
2.19%
3
3.37%
alok kataria
alok kataria
95
2.00%
2
2.25%
dan williams
dan williams
78
1.64%
3
3.37%
rafael j. wysocki
rafael j. wysocki
74
1.56%
2
2.25%
bjorn helgaas
bjorn helgaas
57
1.20%
1
1.12%
christoph hellwig
christoph hellwig
55
1.16%
1
1.12%
kamal mostafa
kamal mostafa
27
0.57%
2
2.25%
paul jackson
paul jackson
25
0.53%
3
3.37%
linn crosetto
linn crosetto
25
0.53%
1
1.12%
cyrill gorcunov
cyrill gorcunov
10
0.21%
2
2.25%
ingo molnar
ingo molnar
10
0.21%
1
1.12%
jan beulich
jan beulich
9
0.19%
2
2.25%
wei yang
wei yang
7
0.15%
1
1.12%
joseph cihula
joseph cihula
6
0.13%
1
1.12%
xishi qiu
xishi qiu
6
0.13%
1
1.12%
wang chao
wang chao
5
0.11%
1
1.12%
jeremy fitzhardinge
jeremy fitzhardinge
5
0.11%
1
1.12%
chun-yi lee
chun-yi lee
4
0.08%
1
1.12%
thomas gleixner
thomas gleixner
4
0.08%
1
1.12%
borislav petkov
borislav petkov
3
0.06%
1
1.12%
prarit bhargava
prarit bhargava
3
0.06%
1
1.12%
paul gortmaker
paul gortmaker
3
0.06%
1
1.12%
olaf hering
olaf hering
3
0.06%
1
1.12%
jaswinder singh rajput
jaswinder singh rajput
2
0.04%
1
1.12%
tony luck
tony luck
2
0.04%
1
1.12%
h hartley sweeten
h hartley sweeten
1
0.02%
1
1.12%
grygorii strashko
grygorii strashko
1
0.02%
1
1.12%
juergen gross
juergen gross
1
0.02%
1
1.12%
Total
4754
100.00%
89
100.00%
Directory: arch/x86/kernel

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