cregit-Linux how code gets into the kernel

Release 4.11 drivers/md/dm-kcopyd.c

Directory: drivers/md
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2002 Sistina Software (UK) Limited.
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat GmbH
 *
 * This file is released under the GPL.
 *
 * Kcopyd provides a simple interface for copying an area of one
 * block-device to one or more other block-devices, with an asynchronous
 * completion notification.
 */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/mempool.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/device-mapper.h>
#include <linux/dm-kcopyd.h>

#include "dm-core.h"


#define SUB_JOB_SIZE	128

#define SPLIT_COUNT	8

#define MIN_JOBS	8

#define RESERVE_PAGES	(DIV_ROUND_UP(SUB_JOB_SIZE << SECTOR_SHIFT, PAGE_SIZE))

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------
 * Each kcopyd client has its own little pool of preallocated
 * pages for kcopyd io.
 *---------------------------------------------------------------*/

struct dm_kcopyd_client {
	
struct page_list *pages;
	
unsigned nr_reserved_pages;
	
unsigned nr_free_pages;

	
struct dm_io_client *io_client;

	
wait_queue_head_t destroyq;
	
atomic_t nr_jobs;

	
mempool_t *job_pool;

	
struct workqueue_struct *kcopyd_wq;
	
struct work_struct kcopyd_work;

	
struct dm_kcopyd_throttle *throttle;

/*
 * We maintain three lists of jobs:
 *
 * i)   jobs waiting for pages
 * ii)  jobs that have pages, and are waiting for the io to be issued.
 * iii) jobs that have completed.
 *
 * All three of these are protected by job_lock.
 */
	
spinlock_t job_lock;
	
struct list_head complete_jobs;
	
struct list_head io_jobs;
	
struct list_head pages_jobs;
};


static struct page_list zero_page_list;

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(throttle_spinlock);

/*
 * IO/IDLE accounting slowly decays after (1 << ACCOUNT_INTERVAL_SHIFT) period.
 * When total_period >= (1 << ACCOUNT_INTERVAL_SHIFT) the counters are divided
 * by 2.
 */

#define ACCOUNT_INTERVAL_SHIFT		SHIFT_HZ

/*
 * Sleep this number of milliseconds.
 *
 * The value was decided experimentally.
 * Smaller values seem to cause an increased copy rate above the limit.
 * The reason for this is unknown but possibly due to jiffies rounding errors
 * or read/write cache inside the disk.
 */

#define SLEEP_MSEC			100

/*
 * Maximum number of sleep events. There is a theoretical livelock if more
 * kcopyd clients do work simultaneously which this limit avoids.
 */

#define MAX_SLEEPS			10


static void io_job_start(struct dm_kcopyd_throttle *t) { unsigned throttle, now, difference; int slept = 0, skew; if (unlikely(!t)) return; try_again: spin_lock_irq(&throttle_spinlock); throttle = ACCESS_ONCE(t->throttle); if (likely(throttle >= 100)) goto skip_limit; now = jiffies; difference = now - t->last_jiffies; t->last_jiffies = now; if (t->num_io_jobs) t->io_period += difference; t->total_period += difference; /* * Maintain sane values if we got a temporary overflow. */ if (unlikely(t->io_period > t->total_period)) t->io_period = t->total_period; if (unlikely(t->total_period >= (1 << ACCOUNT_INTERVAL_SHIFT))) { int shift = fls(t->total_period >> ACCOUNT_INTERVAL_SHIFT); t->total_period >>= shift; t->io_period >>= shift; } skew = t->io_period - throttle * t->total_period / 100; if (unlikely(skew > 0) && slept < MAX_SLEEPS) { slept++; spin_unlock_irq(&throttle_spinlock); msleep(SLEEP_MSEC); goto try_again; } skip_limit: t->num_io_jobs++; spin_unlock_irq(&throttle_spinlock); }

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static void io_job_finish(struct dm_kcopyd_throttle *t) { unsigned long flags; if (unlikely(!t)) return; spin_lock_irqsave(&throttle_spinlock, flags); t->num_io_jobs--; if (likely(ACCESS_ONCE(t->throttle) >= 100)) goto skip_limit; if (!t->num_io_jobs) { unsigned now, difference; now = jiffies; difference = now - t->last_jiffies; t->last_jiffies = now; t->io_period += difference; t->total_period += difference; /* * Maintain sane values if we got a temporary overflow. */ if (unlikely(t->io_period > t->total_period)) t->io_period = t->total_period; } skip_limit: spin_unlock_irqrestore(&throttle_spinlock, flags); }

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static void wake(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc) { queue_work(kc->kcopyd_wq, &kc->kcopyd_work); }

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/* * Obtain one page for the use of kcopyd. */
static struct page_list *alloc_pl(gfp_t gfp) { struct page_list *pl; pl = kmalloc(sizeof(*pl), gfp); if (!pl) return NULL; pl->page = alloc_page(gfp); if (!pl->page) { kfree(pl); return NULL; } return pl; }

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static void free_pl(struct page_list *pl) { __free_page(pl->page); kfree(pl); }

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/* * Add the provided pages to a client's free page list, releasing * back to the system any beyond the reserved_pages limit. */
static void kcopyd_put_pages(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, struct page_list *pl) { struct page_list *next; do { next = pl->next; if (kc->nr_free_pages >= kc->nr_reserved_pages) free_pl(pl); else { pl->next = kc->pages; kc->pages = pl; kc->nr_free_pages++; } pl = next; } while (pl); }

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Heinz Mauelshagen11.32%133.33%
Total76100.00%3100.00%


static int kcopyd_get_pages(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, unsigned int nr, struct page_list **pages) { struct page_list *pl; *pages = NULL; do { pl = alloc_pl(__GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM); if (unlikely(!pl)) { /* Use reserved pages */ pl = kc->pages; if (unlikely(!pl)) goto out_of_memory; kc->pages = pl->next; kc->nr_free_pages--; } pl->next = *pages; *pages = pl; } while (--nr); return 0; out_of_memory: if (*pages) kcopyd_put_pages(kc, *pages); return -ENOMEM; }

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Mikulas Patocka8769.05%125.00%
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Mel Gorman21.59%125.00%
Heinz Mauelshagen10.79%125.00%
Total126100.00%4100.00%

/* * These three functions resize the page pool. */
static void drop_pages(struct page_list *pl) { struct page_list *next; while (pl) { next = pl->next; free_pl(pl); pl = next; } }

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/* * Allocate and reserve nr_pages for the use of a specific client. */
static int client_reserve_pages(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, unsigned nr_pages) { unsigned i; struct page_list *pl = NULL, *next; for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) { next = alloc_pl(GFP_KERNEL); if (!next) { if (pl) drop_pages(pl); return -ENOMEM; } next->next = pl; pl = next; } kc->nr_reserved_pages += nr_pages; kcopyd_put_pages(kc, pl); return 0; }

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Heinz Mauelshagen11.05%125.00%
Total95100.00%4100.00%


static void client_free_pages(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc) { BUG_ON(kc->nr_free_pages != kc->nr_reserved_pages); drop_pages(kc->pages); kc->pages = NULL; kc->nr_free_pages = kc->nr_reserved_pages = 0; }

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Total45100.00%3100.00%

/*----------------------------------------------------------------- * kcopyd_jobs need to be allocated by the *clients* of kcopyd, * for this reason we use a mempool to prevent the client from * ever having to do io (which could cause a deadlock). *---------------------------------------------------------------*/ struct kcopyd_job { struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc; struct list_head list; unsigned long flags; /* * Error state of the job. */ int read_err; unsigned long write_err; /* * Either READ or WRITE */ int rw; struct dm_io_region source; /* * The destinations for the transfer. */ unsigned int num_dests; struct dm_io_region dests[DM_KCOPYD_MAX_REGIONS]; struct page_list *pages; /* * Set this to ensure you are notified when the job has * completed. 'context' is for callback to use. */ dm_kcopyd_notify_fn fn; void *context; /* * These fields are only used if the job has been split * into more manageable parts. */ struct mutex lock; atomic_t sub_jobs; sector_t progress; struct kcopyd_job *master_job; }; static struct kmem_cache *_job_cache;
int __init dm_kcopyd_init(void) { _job_cache = kmem_cache_create("kcopyd_job", sizeof(struct kcopyd_job) * (SPLIT_COUNT + 1), __alignof__(struct kcopyd_job), 0, NULL); if (!_job_cache) return -ENOMEM; zero_page_list.next = &zero_page_list; zero_page_list.page = ZERO_PAGE(0); return 0; }

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void dm_kcopyd_exit(void) { kmem_cache_destroy(_job_cache); _job_cache = NULL; }

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/* * Functions to push and pop a job onto the head of a given job * list. */
static struct kcopyd_job *pop(struct list_head *jobs, struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc) { struct kcopyd_job *job = NULL; unsigned long flags; spin_lock_irqsave(&kc->job_lock, flags); if (!list_empty(jobs)) { job = list_entry(jobs->next, struct kcopyd_job, list); list_del(&job->list); } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kc->job_lock, flags); return job; }

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static void push(struct list_head *jobs, struct kcopyd_job *job) { unsigned long flags; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; spin_lock_irqsave(&kc->job_lock, flags); list_add_tail(&job->list, jobs); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kc->job_lock, flags); }

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static void push_head(struct list_head *jobs, struct kcopyd_job *job) { unsigned long flags; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; spin_lock_irqsave(&kc->job_lock, flags); list_add(&job->list, jobs); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kc->job_lock, flags); }

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/* * These three functions process 1 item from the corresponding * job list. * * They return: * < 0: error * 0: success * > 0: can't process yet. */
static int run_complete_job(struct kcopyd_job *job) { void *context = job->context; int read_err = job->read_err; unsigned long write_err = job->write_err; dm_kcopyd_notify_fn fn = job->fn; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; if (job->pages && job->pages != &zero_page_list) kcopyd_put_pages(kc, job->pages); /* * If this is the master job, the sub jobs have already * completed so we can free everything. */ if (job->master_job == job) mempool_free(job, kc->job_pool); fn(read_err, write_err, context); if (atomic_dec_and_test(&kc->nr_jobs)) wake_up(&kc->destroyq); return 0; }

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Heinz Mauelshagen21.67%112.50%
Total120100.00%8100.00%


static void complete_io(unsigned long error, void *context) { struct kcopyd_job *job = (struct kcopyd_job *) context; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; io_job_finish(kc->throttle); if (error) { if (op_is_write(job->rw)) job->write_err |= error; else job->read_err = 1; if (!test_bit(DM_KCOPYD_IGNORE_ERROR, &job->flags)) { push(&kc->complete_jobs, job); wake(kc); return; } } if (op_is_write(job->rw)) push(&kc->complete_jobs, job); else { job->rw = WRITE; push(&kc->io_jobs, job); } wake(kc); }

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Michael Christie64.17%116.67%
Jonathan E Brassow10.69%116.67%
Heinz Mauelshagen10.69%116.67%
Total144100.00%6100.00%

/* * Request io on as many buffer heads as we can currently get for * a particular job. */
static int run_io_job(struct kcopyd_job *job) { int r; struct dm_io_request io_req = { .bi_op = job->rw, .bi_op_flags = 0, .mem.type = DM_IO_PAGE_LIST, .mem.ptr.pl = job->pages, .mem.offset = 0, .notify.fn = complete_io, .notify.context = job, .client = job->kc->io_client, }; io_job_start(job->kc->throttle); if (job->rw == READ) r = dm_io(&io_req, 1, &job->source, NULL); else r = dm_io(&io_req, job->num_dests, job->dests, NULL); return r; }

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Michael Christie64.41%120.00%
Total136100.00%5100.00%


static int run_pages_job(struct kcopyd_job *job) { int r; unsigned nr_pages = dm_div_up(job->dests[0].count, PAGE_SIZE >> 9); r = kcopyd_get_pages(job->kc, nr_pages, &job->pages); if (!r) { /* this job is ready for io */ push(&job->kc->io_jobs, job); return 0; } if (r == -ENOMEM) /* can't complete now */ return 1; return r; }

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/* * Run through a list for as long as possible. Returns the count * of successful jobs. */
static int process_jobs(struct list_head *jobs, struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, int (*fn) (struct kcopyd_job *)) { struct kcopyd_job *job; int r, count = 0; while ((job = pop(jobs, kc))) { r = fn(job); if (r < 0) { /* error this rogue job */ if (op_is_write(job->rw)) job->write_err = (unsigned long) -1L; else job->read_err = 1; push(&kc->complete_jobs, job); break; } if (r > 0) { /* * We couldn't service this job ATM, so * push this job back onto the list. */ push_head(jobs, job); break; } count++; } return count; }

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Total131100.00%5100.00%

/* * kcopyd does this every time it's woken up. */
static void do_work(struct work_struct *work) { struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = container_of(work, struct dm_kcopyd_client, kcopyd_work); struct blk_plug plug; /* * The order that these are called is *very* important. * complete jobs can free some pages for pages jobs. * Pages jobs when successful will jump onto the io jobs * list. io jobs call wake when they complete and it all * starts again. */ blk_start_plug(&plug); process_jobs(&kc->complete_jobs, kc, run_complete_job); process_jobs(&kc->pages_jobs, kc, run_pages_job); process_jobs(&kc->io_jobs, kc, run_io_job); blk_finish_plug(&plug); }

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David Howells22.53%120.00%
Total79100.00%5100.00%

/* * If we are copying a small region we just dispatch a single job * to do the copy, otherwise the io has to be split up into many * jobs. */
static void dispatch_job(struct kcopyd_job *job) { struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; atomic_inc(&kc->nr_jobs); if (unlikely(!job->source.count)) push(&kc->complete_jobs, job); else if (job->pages == &zero_page_list) push(&kc->io_jobs, job); else push(&kc->pages_jobs, job); wake(kc); }

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static void segment_complete(int read_err, unsigned long write_err, void *context) { /* FIXME: tidy this function */ sector_t progress = 0; sector_t count = 0; struct kcopyd_job *sub_job = (struct kcopyd_job *) context; struct kcopyd_job *job = sub_job->master_job; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; mutex_lock(&job->lock); /* update the error */ if (read_err) job->read_err = 1; if (write_err) job->write_err |= write_err; /* * Only dispatch more work if there hasn't been an error. */ if ((!job->read_err && !job->write_err) || test_bit(DM_KCOPYD_IGNORE_ERROR, &job->flags)) { /* get the next chunk of work */ progress = job->progress; count = job->source.count - progress; if (count) { if (count > SUB_JOB_SIZE) count = SUB_JOB_SIZE; job->progress += count; } } mutex_unlock(&job->lock); if (count) { int i; *sub_job = *job; sub_job->source.sector += progress; sub_job->source.count = count; for (i = 0; i < job->num_dests; i++) { sub_job->dests[i].sector += progress; sub_job->dests[i].count = count; } sub_job->fn = segment_complete; sub_job->context = sub_job; dispatch_job(sub_job); } else if (atomic_dec_and_test(&job->sub_jobs)) { /* * Queue the completion callback to the kcopyd thread. * * Some callers assume that all the completions are called * from a single thread and don't race with each other. * * We must not call the callback directly here because this * code may not be executing in the thread. */ push(&kc->complete_jobs, job); wake(kc); } }

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Jonathan E Brassow10.36%110.00%
Heinz Mauelshagen10.36%110.00%
Total277100.00%10100.00%

/* * Create some sub jobs to share the work between them. */
static void split_job(struct kcopyd_job *master_job) { int i; atomic_inc(&master_job->kc->nr_jobs); atomic_set(&master_job->sub_jobs, SPLIT_COUNT); for (i = 0; i < SPLIT_COUNT; i++) { master_job[i + 1].master_job = master_job; segment_complete(0, 0u, &master_job[i + 1]); } }

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int dm_kcopyd_copy(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, struct dm_io_region *from, unsigned int num_dests, struct dm_io_region *dests, unsigned int flags, dm_kcopyd_notify_fn fn, void *context) { struct kcopyd_job *job; int i; /* * Allocate an array of jobs consisting of one master job * followed by SPLIT_COUNT sub jobs. */ job = mempool_alloc(kc->job_pool, GFP_NOIO); /* * set up for the read. */ job->kc = kc; job->flags = flags; job->read_err = 0; job->write_err = 0; job->num_dests = num_dests; memcpy(&job->dests, dests, sizeof(*dests) * num_dests); if (from) { job->source = *from; job->pages = NULL; job->rw = READ; } else { memset(&job->source, 0, sizeof job->source); job->source.count = job->dests[0].count; job->pages = &zero_page_list; /* * Use WRITE SAME to optimize zeroing if all dests support it. */ job->rw = REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME; for (i = 0; i < job->num_dests; i++) if (!bdev_write_same(job->dests[i].bdev)) { job->rw = WRITE; break; } } job->fn = fn; job->context = context; job->master_job = job; if (job->source.count <= SUB_JOB_SIZE) dispatch_job(job); else { mutex_init(&job->lock); job->progress = 0; split_job(job); } return 0; }

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Mikulas Patocka7527.47%440.00%
Mike Snitzer4315.75%110.00%
Heinz Mauelshagen51.83%220.00%
Michael Christie10.37%110.00%
Matthias Kaehlcke10.37%110.00%
Total273100.00%10100.00%

EXPORT_SYMBOL(dm_kcopyd_copy);
int dm_kcopyd_zero(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, unsigned num_dests, struct dm_io_region *dests, unsigned flags, dm_kcopyd_notify_fn fn, void *context) { return dm_kcopyd_copy(kc, NULL, num_dests, dests, flags, fn, context); }

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EXPORT_SYMBOL(dm_kcopyd_zero);
void *dm_kcopyd_prepare_callback(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc, dm_kcopyd_notify_fn fn, void *context) { struct kcopyd_job *job; job = mempool_alloc(kc->job_pool, GFP_NOIO); memset(job, 0, sizeof(struct kcopyd_job)); job->kc = kc; job->fn = fn; job->context = context; job->master_job = job; atomic_inc(&kc->nr_jobs); return job; }

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Mikulas Patocka7692.68%150.00%
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Total82100.00%2100.00%

EXPORT_SYMBOL(dm_kcopyd_prepare_callback);
void dm_kcopyd_do_callback(void *j, int read_err, unsigned long write_err) { struct kcopyd_job *job = j; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc = job->kc; job->read_err = read_err; job->write_err = write_err; push(&kc->complete_jobs, job); wake(kc); }

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Mikulas Patocka59100.00%1100.00%
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(dm_kcopyd_do_callback); /* * Cancels a kcopyd job, eg. someone might be deactivating a * mirror. */ #if 0 int kcopyd_cancel(struct kcopyd_job *job, int block) { /* FIXME: finish */ return -1; } #endif /* 0 */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------- * Client setup *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
struct dm_kcopyd_client *dm_kcopyd_client_create(struct dm_kcopyd_throttle *throttle) { int r = -ENOMEM; struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc; kc = kmalloc(sizeof(*kc), GFP_KERNEL); if (!kc) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); spin_lock_init(&kc->job_lock); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kc->complete_jobs); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kc->io_jobs); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kc->pages_jobs); kc->throttle = throttle; kc->job_pool = mempool_create_slab_pool(MIN_JOBS, _job_cache); if (!kc->job_pool) goto bad_slab; INIT_WORK(&kc->kcopyd_work, do_work); kc->kcopyd_wq = alloc_workqueue("kcopyd", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0); if (!kc->kcopyd_wq) goto bad_workqueue; kc->pages = NULL; kc->nr_reserved_pages = kc->nr_free_pages = 0; r = client_reserve_pages(kc, RESERVE_PAGES); if (r) goto bad_client_pages; kc->io_client = dm_io_client_create(); if (IS_ERR(kc->io_client)) { r = PTR_ERR(kc->io_client); goto bad_io_client; } init_waitqueue_head(&kc->destroyq); atomic_set(&kc->nr_jobs, 0); return kc; bad_io_client: client_free_pages(kc); bad_client_pages: destroy_workqueue(kc->kcopyd_wq); bad_workqueue: mempool_destroy(kc->job_pool); bad_slab: kfree(kc); return ERR_PTR(r); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Mikulas Patocka14756.32%853.33%
Alasdair G. Kergon8532.57%213.33%
Milan Broz197.28%16.67%
Tejun Heo51.92%213.33%
Thomas Gleixner31.15%16.67%
Heinz Mauelshagen20.77%16.67%
Total261100.00%15100.00%

EXPORT_SYMBOL(dm_kcopyd_client_create);
void dm_kcopyd_client_destroy(struct dm_kcopyd_client *kc) { /* Wait for completion of all jobs submitted by this client. */ wait_event(kc->destroyq, !atomic_read(&kc->nr_jobs)); BUG_ON(!list_empty(&kc->complete_jobs)); BUG_ON(!list_empty(&kc->io_jobs)); BUG_ON(!list_empty(&kc->pages_jobs)); destroy_workqueue(kc->kcopyd_wq); dm_io_client_destroy(kc->io_client); client_free_pages(kc); mempool_destroy(kc->job_pool); kfree(kc); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Mikulas Patocka5053.19%233.33%
Alasdair G. Kergon4042.55%233.33%
Heinz Mauelshagen22.13%116.67%
Milan Broz22.13%116.67%
Total94100.00%6100.00%

EXPORT_SYMBOL(dm_kcopyd_client_destroy);

Overall Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Alasdair G. Kergon167949.91%510.42%
Mikulas Patocka137840.96%2041.67%
Milan Broz962.85%12.08%
Kazuo Ito601.78%12.08%
Mike Snitzer441.31%24.17%
Heinz Mauelshagen371.10%24.17%
Michael Christie160.48%24.17%
Jens Axboe140.42%12.08%
Adrian Bunk80.24%12.08%
Kevin Corry60.18%24.17%
Tejun Heo50.15%24.17%
Matthias Kaehlcke40.12%12.08%
Arjan van de Ven30.09%12.08%
Thomas Gleixner30.09%12.08%
Jonathan E Brassow20.06%12.08%
Mel Gorman20.06%12.08%
Alan Cox20.06%12.08%
David Howells20.06%12.08%
Christoph Lameter20.06%12.08%
Arun Sharma10.03%12.08%
Total3364100.00%48100.00%
Directory: drivers/md
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