cregit-Linux how code gets into the kernel

Release 4.12 init/main.c

Directory: init
/*
 *  linux/init/main.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  GK 2/5/95  -  Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
 *  Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
 *  Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
 *  Simplified starting of init:  Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
 */


#define DEBUG		
/* Enable initcall_debug */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/extable.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/stackprotector.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/initrd.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
#include <linux/console.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/kmod.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/start_kernel.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/efi.h>
#include <linux/tick.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/key.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/page_ext.h>
#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
#include <linux/debugobjects.h>
#include <linux/lockdep.h>
#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/init.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/idr.h>
#include <linux/kgdb.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/async.h>
#include <linux/kmemcheck.h>
#include <linux/sfi.h>
#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/elevator.h>
#include <linux/sched_clock.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/context_tracking.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/integrity.h>
#include <linux/proc_ns.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/rodata_test.h>

#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/bugs.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>

static int kernel_init(void *);

extern void init_IRQ(void);
extern void fork_init(void);
extern void radix_tree_init(void);

/*
 * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
 * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled.  This means
 * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
 * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
 * flag is set.
 */

bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;


enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;

EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);

/*
 * Boot command-line arguments
 */

#define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT

#define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT

extern void time_init(void);
/* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */

void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);

/* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */

char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
/* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */

char *saved_command_line;
/* Command line for parameter parsing */

static char *static_command_line;
/* Command line for per-initcall parameter parsing */

static char *initcall_command_line;


static char *execute_command;

static char *ramdisk_execute_command;

/*
 * Used to generate warnings if static_key manipulation functions are used
 * before jump_label_init is called.
 */

bool static_key_initialized __read_mostly;

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_initialized);

/*
 * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
 * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
 * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
 *
 * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
 * For ex. kdump situation where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
 * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
 */

unsigned int reset_devices;

EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);


static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str) { reset_devices = 1; return 1; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Vivek Goyal18100.00%1100.00%
Total18100.00%1100.00%

__setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices); static const char *argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, }; const char *envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, }; static const char *panic_later, *panic_param; extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
static bool __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line) { const struct obs_kernel_param *p; bool had_early_param = false; p = __setup_start; do { int n = strlen(p->str); if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) { if (p->early) { /* Already done in parse_early_param? * (Needs exact match on param part). * Keep iterating, as we can have early * params and __setups of same names 8( */ if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=') had_early_param = true; } else if (!p->setup_func) { pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n", p->str); return true; } else if (p->setup_func(line + n)) return true; } p++; } while (p < __setup_end); return had_early_param; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)6951.88%327.27%
Andrew Morton2720.30%218.18%
Dmitry Torokhov1914.29%19.09%
Rusty Russell118.27%327.27%
Yaowei Bai64.51%19.09%
Michal Schmidt10.75%19.09%
Total133100.00%11100.00%

/* * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer */ unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12); EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
static int __init debug_kernel(char *str) { console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEBUG; return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)1688.89%133.33%
Borislav Petkov15.56%133.33%
Yinghai Lu15.56%133.33%
Total18100.00%3100.00%


static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str) { console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET; return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)1688.89%133.33%
Borislav Petkov15.56%133.33%
Yinghai Lu15.56%133.33%
Total18100.00%3100.00%

early_param("debug", debug_kernel); early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
static int __init loglevel(char *str) { int newlevel; /* * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed, * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that * are quite hard to debug */ if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) { console_loglevel = newlevel; return 0; } return -EINVAL; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
matthias.kunze@gmx-topmail.de2153.85%133.33%
Alexander Sverdlin1743.59%133.33%
Alex Riesen12.56%133.33%
Total39100.00%3100.00%

early_param("loglevel", loglevel); /* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
static int __init repair_env_string(char *param, char *val, const char *unused, void *arg) { if (val) { /* param=val or param="val"? */ if (val == param+strlen(param)+1) val[-1] = '='; else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) { val[-2] = '='; memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1); val--; } else BUG(); } return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Rusty Russell6260.78%220.00%
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)1514.71%440.00%
Len Brown1110.78%110.00%
Chris Metcalf54.90%110.00%
Jim Cromie54.90%110.00%
Luis R. Rodriguez43.92%110.00%
Total102100.00%10100.00%

/* Anything after -- gets handed straight to init. */
static int __init set_init_arg(char *param, char *val, const char *unused, void *arg) { unsigned int i; if (panic_later) return 0; repair_env_string(param, val, unused, NULL); for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) { if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) { panic_later = "init"; panic_param = param; return 0; } } argv_init[i] = param; return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Rusty Russell8593.41%150.00%
Luis R. Rodriguez66.59%150.00%
Total91100.00%2100.00%

/* * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline). */
static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val, const char *unused, void *arg) { repair_env_string(param, val, unused, NULL); /* Handle obsolete-style parameters */ if (obsolete_checksetup(param)) return 0; /* Unused module parameter. */ if (strchr(param, '.') && (!val || strchr(param, '.') < val)) return 0; if (panic_later) return 0; if (val) { /* Environment option */ unsigned int i; for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) { if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) { panic_later = "env"; panic_param = param; } if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], val - param)) break; } envp_init[i] = param; } else { /* Command line option */ unsigned int i; for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) { if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) { panic_later = "init"; panic_param = param; } } argv_init[i] = param; } return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Rusty Russell8040.40%212.50%
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)4321.72%850.00%
Chris Metcalf2110.61%16.25%
Andrew Morton2110.61%16.25%
William Lee Irwin III189.09%16.25%
Greg Kroah-Hartman73.54%16.25%
Luis R. Rodriguez63.03%16.25%
Tetsuo Handa21.01%16.25%
Total198100.00%16100.00%


static int __init init_setup(char *str) { unsigned int i; execute_command = str; /* * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line, * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes * the shell think it should execute a script with such name. * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ] */ for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++) argv_init[i] = NULL; return 1; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Rusty Russell4297.67%150.00%
Adam Kropelin12.33%150.00%
Total43100.00%2100.00%

__setup("init=", init_setup);
static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str) { unsigned int i; ramdisk_execute_command = str; /* See "auto" comment in init_setup */ for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++) argv_init[i] = NULL; return 1; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Olof Johansson43100.00%1100.00%
Total43100.00%1100.00%

__setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup); #ifndef CONFIG_SMP static const unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Mike Travis8100.00%1100.00%
Total8100.00%1100.00%


static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Rusty Russell10100.00%1100.00%
Total10100.00%1100.00%

#endif /* * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference. * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to * store reference of name/value for future reference. */
static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line) { saved_command_line = memblock_virt_alloc(strlen(boot_command_line) + 1, 0); initcall_command_line = memblock_virt_alloc(strlen(boot_command_line) + 1, 0); static_command_line = memblock_virt_alloc(strlen(command_line) + 1, 0); strcpy(saved_command_line, boot_command_line); strcpy(static_command_line, command_line); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Alon Bar-Lev4770.15%133.33%
Krzysztof Mazur1116.42%133.33%
Santosh Shilimkar913.43%133.33%
Total67100.00%3100.00%

/* * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to * cpu_idle. * * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline. */ static __initdata DECLARE_COMPLETION(kthreadd_done);
static noinline void __ref rest_init(void) { int pid; rcu_scheduler_starting(); /* * We need to spawn init first so that it obtains pid 1, however * the init task will end up wanting to create kthreads, which, if * we schedule it before we create kthreadd, will OOPS. */ kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS); numa_default_policy(); pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES); rcu_read_lock(); kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns); rcu_read_unlock(); complete(&kthreadd_done); /* * The boot idle thread must execute schedule() * at least once to get things moving: */ init_idle_bootup_task(current); schedule_preempt_disabled(); /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */ cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_ONLINE); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Eric W. Biedermann2227.85%15.56%
Linus Torvalds1518.99%15.56%
Paul E. McKenney911.39%211.11%
Ingo Molnar810.13%211.11%
Peter Zijlstra78.86%211.11%
Thomas Gleixner56.33%211.11%
Pavel Emelyanov45.06%15.56%
Andi Kleen33.80%15.56%
Andrew Morton22.53%211.11%
Nicholas Piggin11.27%15.56%
Rakib Mullick11.27%15.56%
Fabian Frederick11.27%15.56%
Sam Ravnborg11.27%15.56%
Total79100.00%18100.00%

/* Check for early params. */
static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val, const char *unused, void *arg) { const struct obs_kernel_param *p; for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) { if ((p->early && parameq(param, p->str)) || (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 && strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0) ) { if (p->setup_func(val) != 0) pr_warn("Malformed early option '%s'\n", param); } } /* We accept everything at this stage. */ return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Andrew Morton7367.59%228.57%
Yinghai Lu2422.22%114.29%
Jim Cromie54.63%114.29%
Luis R. Rodriguez43.70%114.29%
Michal Schmidt10.93%114.29%
Rusty Russell10.93%114.29%
Total108100.00%7100.00%


void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline) { parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL, do_early_param); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Magnus Damm2379.31%133.33%
Pawel Moll413.79%133.33%
Luis R. Rodriguez26.90%133.33%
Total29100.00%3100.00%

/* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
void __init parse_early_param(void) { static int done __initdata; static char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] __initdata; if (done) return; /* All fall through to do_early_param. */ strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline); done = 1; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Andrew Morton4191.11%125.00%
Fabian Frederick24.44%125.00%
Magnus Damm12.22%125.00%
Alon Bar-Lev12.22%125.00%
Total45100.00%4100.00%


void __init __weak arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(void) { }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Thomas Gleixner8100.00%1100.00%
Total8100.00%1100.00%


void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void) { }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Andrew Morton562.50%150.00%
Benjamin Herrenschmidt337.50%150.00%
Total8100.00%2100.00%

# if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
void __init __weak thread_stack_cache_init(void) { }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Benjamin Herrenschmidt787.50%150.00%
Linus Torvalds112.50%150.00%
Total8100.00%2100.00%

#endif /* * Set up kernel memory allocators */
static void __init mm_init(void) { /* * page_ext requires contiguous pages, * bigger than MAX_ORDER unless SPARSEMEM. */ page_ext_init_flatmem(); mem_init(); kmem_cache_init(); percpu_init_late(); pgtable_init(); vmalloc_init(); ioremap_huge_init(); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Pekka J Enberg1858.06%116.67%
JoonSoo Kim412.90%116.67%
Tejun Heo39.68%116.67%
Toshi Kani39.68%116.67%
Benjamin Herrenschmidt26.45%116.67%
Kirill A. Shutemov13.23%116.67%
Total31100.00%6100.00%


asmlinkage __visible void __init start_kernel(void) { char *command_line; char *after_dashes; set_task_stack_end_magic(&init_task); smp_setup_processor_id(); debug_objects_early_init(); /* * Set up the initial canary ASAP: */ boot_init_stack_canary(); cgroup_init_early(); local_irq_disable(); early_boot_irqs_disabled = true; /* * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then * enable them. */ boot_cpu_init(); page_address_init(); pr_notice("%s", linux_banner); setup_arch(&command_line); mm_init_cpumask(&init_mm); setup_command_line(command_line); setup_nr_cpu_ids(); setup_per_cpu_areas(); boot_cpu_state_init(); smp_prepare_boot_cpu(); /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */ build_all_zonelists(NULL, NULL); page_alloc_init(); pr_notice("Kernel command line: %s\n", boot_command_line); parse_early_param(); after_dashes = parse_args("Booting kernel", static_command_line, __start___param, __stop___param - __start___param, -1, -1, NULL, &unknown_bootoption); if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(after_dashes)) parse_args("Setting init args", after_dashes, NULL, 0, -1, -1, NULL, set_init_arg); jump_label_init(); /* * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede * kmem_cache_init() */ setup_log_buf(0); pidhash_init(); vfs_caches_init_early(); sort_main_extable(); trap_init(); mm_init(); ftrace_init(); /* trace_printk can be enabled here */ early_trace_init(); /* * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init() * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler. */ sched_init(); /* * Disable preemption - early bootup scheduling is extremely * fragile until we cpu_idle() for the first time. */ preempt_disable(); if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n")) local_irq_disable(); radix_tree_init(); /* * Allow workqueue creation and work item queueing/cancelling * early. Work item execution depends on kthreads and starts after * workqueue_init(). */ workqueue_init_early(); rcu_init(); /* Trace events are available after this */ trace_init(); context_tracking_init(); /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */ early_irq_init(); init_IRQ(); tick_init(); rcu_init_nohz(); init_timers(); hrtimers_init(); softirq_init(); timekeeping_init(); time_init(); sched_clock_postinit(); printk_safe_init(); perf_event_init(); profile_init(); call_function_init(); WARN(!irqs_disabled(), "Interrupts were enabled early\n"); early_boot_irqs_disabled = false; local_irq_enable(); kmem_cache_init_late(); /* * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong. */ console_init(); if (panic_later) panic("Too many boot %s vars at `%s'", panic_later, panic_param); lockdep_info(); /* * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs * too: */ locking_selftest(); #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok && page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) { pr_crit("initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n", page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)), min_low_pfn); initrd_start = 0; } #endif page_ext_init(); debug_objects_mem_init(); kmemleak_init(); setup_per_cpu_pageset(); numa_policy_init(); if (late_time_init) late_time_init(); calibrate_delay(); pidmap_init(); anon_vma_init(); acpi_early_init(); #ifdef CONFIG_X86 if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES)) efi_enter_virtual_mode(); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_X86_ESPFIX64 /* Should be run before the first non-init thread is created */ init_espfix_bsp(); #endif thread_stack_cache_init(); cred_init(); fork_init(); proc_caches_init(); buffer_init(); key_init(); security_init(); dbg_late_init(); vfs_caches_init(); pagecache_init(); signals_init(); proc_root_init(); nsfs_init(); cpuset_init(); cgroup_init(); taskstats_init_early(); delayacct_init(); check_bugs(); acpi_subsystem_init(); arch_post_acpi_subsys_init(); sfi_init_late(); if (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES)) { efi_free_boot_services(); } /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */ rest_init(); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)8616.96%2920.86%
Rusty Russell458.88%42.88%
Andrew Morton377.30%128.63%
Linus Torvalds285.52%85.76%
Pekka J Enberg275.33%42.88%
Geert Uytterhoeven203.94%21.44%
Steven Rostedt203.94%42.88%
Ingo Molnar183.55%53.60%
Thomas Gleixner173.35%53.60%
Heiko Carstens152.96%10.72%
Tejun Heo122.37%32.16%
John Stultz91.78%21.44%
H. Peter Anvin91.78%21.44%
Ard van Breemen91.78%10.72%
Josh Triplett91.78%21.44%
Mike Travis71.38%21.44%
Alon Bar-Lev71.38%10.72%
Aaron Tomlin61.18%10.72%
David Howells61.18%21.44%
Matt Fleming61.18%10.72%
Rafael J. Wysocki61.18%21.44%
Shailabh Nagar61.18%21.44%
Paul Menage50.99%10.72%
Luis R. Rodriguez40.79%10.72%
Andi Kleen40.79%21.44%
Catalin Marinas40.79%21.44%
Yinghai Lu40.79%10.72%
Daniel R Thompson40.79%10.72%
Stas Sergeev40.79%10.72%
Stephen Boyd30.59%10.72%
Dipankar Sarma30.59%10.72%
Al Viro30.59%10.72%
Jeremy Fitzhardinge30.59%10.72%
Frédéric Weisbecker30.59%10.72%
Lei Ming30.59%10.72%
Christoph Lameter30.59%10.72%
Yang Shi30.59%10.72%
Stéphane Eranian30.59%10.72%
Haicheng Li30.59%10.72%
Takao Indoh30.59%10.72%
Feng Tang30.59%10.72%
Jason Wessel30.59%21.44%
Tetsuo Handa20.39%10.72%
Li Zefan20.39%10.72%
Chris Wright20.39%21.44%
Viresh Kumar20.39%21.44%
Jiang Liu20.39%10.72%
Petr Mladek20.39%10.72%
John Levon20.39%10.72%
Benjamin Herrenschmidt20.39%10.72%
Peter Zijlstra20.39%10.72%
Fabian Frederick20.39%10.72%
Pawel Moll20.39%10.72%
Paul Jackson20.39%10.72%
Alex Riesen20.39%10.72%
Nicholas Piggin20.39%10.72%
Greg Kroah-Hartman20.39%10.72%
Mel Gorman10.20%10.72%
Matthew Wilcox10.20%10.72%
Heinrich Schuchardt10.20%10.72%
Sergey Senozhatsky10.20%10.72%
Total507100.00%139100.00%

/* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
static void __init do_ctors(void) { #ifdef CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start; for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++) (*fn)(); #endif }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Peter Oberparleiter4090.91%150.00%
H Hartley Sweeten49.09%150.00%
Total44100.00%2100.00%

bool initcall_debug; core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644); #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS struct blacklist_entry { struct list_head next; char *buf; }; static __initdata_or_module LIST_HEAD(blacklisted_initcalls);
static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str) { char *str_entry; struct blacklist_entry *entry; /* str argument is a comma-separated list of functions */ do { str_entry = strsep(&str, ","); if (str_entry) { pr_debug("blacklisting initcall %s\n", str_entry); entry = alloc_bootmem(sizeof(*entry)); entry->buf = alloc_bootmem(strlen(str_entry) + 1); strcpy(entry->buf, str_entry); list_add(&entry->next, &blacklisted_initcalls); } } while (str_entry); return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Prarit Bhargava100100.00%1100.00%
Total100100.00%1100.00%


static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn) { struct blacklist_entry *entry; char fn_name[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN]; unsigned long addr; if (list_empty(&blacklisted_initcalls)) return false; addr = (unsigned long) dereference_function_descriptor(fn); sprint_symbol_no_offset(fn_name, addr); /* * fn will be "function_name [module_name]" where [module_name] is not * displayed for built-in init functions. Strip off the [module_name]. */ strreplace(fn_name, ' ', '\0'); list_for_each_entry(entry, &blacklisted_initcalls, next) { if (!strcmp(fn_name, entry->buf)) { pr_debug("initcall %s blacklisted\n", fn_name); return true; } } return false; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Prarit Bhargava6766.34%240.00%
Rasmus Villemoes3029.70%240.00%
Geliang Tang43.96%120.00%
Total101100.00%5100.00%

#else
static int __init initcall_blacklist(char *str) { pr_warn("initcall_blacklist requires CONFIG_KALLSYMS\n"); return 0; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Prarit Bhargava19100.00%1100.00%
Total19100.00%1100.00%


static bool __init_or_module initcall_blacklisted(initcall_t fn) { return false; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Prarit Bhargava13100.00%1100.00%
Total13100.00%1100.00%

#endif __setup("initcall_blacklist=", initcall_blacklist);
static int __init_or_module do_one_initcall_debug(initcall_t fn) { ktime_t calltime, delta, rettime; unsigned long long duration; int ret; printk(KERN_DEBUG "calling %pF @ %i\n", fn, task_pid_nr(current)); calltime = ktime_get(); ret = fn(); rettime = ktime_get(); delta = ktime_sub(rettime, calltime); duration = (unsigned long long) ktime_to_ns(delta) >> 10; printk(KERN_DEBUG "initcall %pF returned %d after %lld usecs\n", fn, ret, duration); return ret; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Ingo Molnar2628.57%16.25%
Frédéric Weisbecker2123.08%318.75%
Américo Wang1314.29%16.25%
Andrew Morton99.89%318.75%
Kevin Winchester66.59%212.50%
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)55.49%16.25%
Linus Torvalds44.40%16.25%
Arjan van de Ven33.30%212.50%
Will Newton33.30%16.25%
Tim Bird11.10%16.25%
Total91100.00%16100.00%


int __init_or_module do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn) { int count = preempt_count(); int ret; char msgbuf[64]; if (initcall_blacklisted(fn)) return -EPERM; if (initcall_debug) ret = do_one_initcall_debug(fn); else ret = fn(); msgbuf[0] = 0; if (preempt_count() != count) { sprintf(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance "); preempt_count_set(count); } if (irqs_disabled()) { strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf)); local_irq_enable(); } WARN(msgbuf[0], "initcall %pF returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf); add_latent_entropy(); return ret; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Kevin Winchester3427.87%211.11%
Cyrill V. Gorcunov2822.95%211.11%
Andrew Morton2218.03%211.11%
Prarit Bhargava119.02%15.56%
Steven Rostedt108.20%316.67%
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)43.28%15.56%
Peter Zijlstra32.46%15.56%
Emese Revfy32.46%15.56%
Linus Torvalds21.64%211.11%
Arjan van de Ven21.64%15.56%
Ingo Molnar21.64%15.56%
Frédéric Weisbecker10.82%15.56%
Total122100.00%18100.00%

extern initcall_t __initcall_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall0_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall1_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall2_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall3_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall4_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall5_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall6_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall7_start[]; extern initcall_t __initcall_end[]; static initcall_t *initcall_levels[] __initdata = { __initcall0_start, __initcall1_start, __initcall2_start, __initcall3_start, __initcall4_start, __initcall5_start, __initcall6_start, __initcall7_start, __initcall_end, }; /* Keep these in sync with initcalls in include/linux/init.h */ static char *initcall_level_names[] __initdata = { "early", "core", "postcore", "arch", "subsys", "fs", "device", "late", };
static void __init do_initcall_level(int level) { initcall_t *fn; strcpy(initcall_command_line, saved_command_line); parse_args(initcall_level_names[level], initcall_command_line, __start___param, __stop___param - __start___param, level, level, NULL, &repair_env_string); for (fn = initcall_levels[level]; fn < initcall_levels[level+1]; fn++) do_one_initcall(*fn); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Pawel Moll4257.53%112.50%
Linus Torvalds1926.03%112.50%
H Hartley Sweeten56.85%112.50%
Luis R. Rodriguez22.74%112.50%
Krzysztof Mazur22.74%112.50%
Jim Cromie11.37%112.50%
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)11.37%112.50%
Chris Metcalf11.37%112.50%
Total73100.00%8100.00%


static void __init do_initcalls(void) { int level; for (level = 0; level < ARRAY_SIZE(initcall_levels) - 1; level++) do_initcall_level(level); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Pawel Moll35100.00%1100.00%
Total35100.00%1100.00%

/* * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and * running, and memory and process management works. * * Now we can finally start doing some real work.. */
static void __init do_basic_setup(void) { cpuset_init_smp(); shmem_init(); driver_init(); init_irq_proc(); do_ctors(); usermodehelper_enable(); do_initcalls(); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)826.67%325.00%
Linus Torvalds516.67%216.67%
Lai Jiangshan310.00%18.33%
Eric W. Biedermann310.00%18.33%
Peter Oberparleiter310.00%18.33%
Patrick Mochel310.00%18.33%
Kay Sievers26.67%18.33%
Wang YanQing26.67%18.33%
Hugh Dickins13.33%18.33%
Total30100.00%12100.00%


static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void) { initcall_t *fn; for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __initcall0_start; fn++) do_one_initcall(*fn); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Eduard - Gabriel Munteanu2681.25%250.00%
H Hartley Sweeten515.62%125.00%
Pawel Moll13.12%125.00%
Total32100.00%4100.00%

/* * This function requests modules which should be loaded by default and is * called twice right after initrd is mounted and right before init is * exec'd. If such modules are on either initrd or rootfs, they will be * loaded before control is passed to userland. */
void __init load_default_modules(void) { load_default_elevator_module(); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Tejun Heo11100.00%1100.00%
Total11100.00%1100.00%


static int run_init_process(const char *init_filename) { argv_init[0] = init_filename; return do_execve(getname_kernel(init_filename), (const char __user *const __user *)argv_init, (const char __user *const __user *)envp_init); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Andrew Morton2346.94%120.00%
Al Viro2244.90%240.00%
Linus Torvalds36.12%120.00%
David Howells12.04%120.00%
Total49100.00%5100.00%


static int try_to_run_init_process(const char *init_filename) { int ret; ret = run_init_process(init_filename); if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) { pr_err("Starting init: %s exists but couldn't execute it (error %d)\n", init_filename, ret); } return ret; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Michael Opdenacker44100.00%1100.00%
Total44100.00%1100.00%

static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void); #if defined(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX) || defined(CONFIG_STRICT_MODULE_RWX) bool rodata_enabled __ro_after_init = true;
static int __init set_debug_rodata(char *str) { return strtobool(str, &rodata_enabled); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Kees Cook20100.00%1100.00%
Total20100.00%1100.00%

__setup("rodata=", set_debug_rodata); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
static void mark_readonly(void) { if (rodata_enabled) { mark_rodata_ro(); rodata_test(); } else pr_info("Kernel memory protection disabled.\n"); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Kees Cook2180.77%150.00%
Jinbum Park519.23%150.00%
Total26100.00%2100.00%

#else
static inline void mark_readonly(void) { pr_warn("This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.\n"); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Kees Cook14100.00%1100.00%
Total14100.00%1100.00%

#endif
static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused) { int ret; kernel_init_freeable(); /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */ async_synchronize_full(); ftrace_free_init_mem(); free_initmem(); mark_readonly(); system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING; numa_default_policy(); rcu_end_inkernel_boot(); if (ramdisk_execute_command) { ret = run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command); if (!ret) return 0; pr_err("Failed to execute %s (error %d)\n", ramdisk_execute_command, ret); } /* * We try each of these until one succeeds. * * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are * trying to recover a really broken machine. */ if (execute_command) { ret = run_init_process(execute_command); if (!ret) return 0; panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).", execute_command, ret); } if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") || !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") || !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") || !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/sh")) return 0; panic("No working init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. " "See Linux Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst for guidance."); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)3223.53%1034.48%
Al Viro2820.59%26.90%
Michael Opdenacker2518.38%13.45%
Olof Johansson1511.03%13.45%
Andrew Lutomirski96.62%13.45%
Arjan van de Ven64.41%26.90%
Andrew Morton42.94%310.34%
Steven Rostedt32.21%13.45%
Paul E. McKenney32.21%13.45%
Andi Kleen32.21%13.45%
Linus Torvalds21.47%13.45%
Avery, Brian21.47%13.45%
Mauro Carvalho Chehab10.74%13.45%
Kees Cook10.74%13.45%
Rakib Mullick10.74%13.45%
Vivek Goyal10.74%13.45%
Total136100.00%29100.00%


static noinline void __init kernel_init_freeable(void) { /* * Wait until kthreadd is all set-up. */ wait_for_completion(&kthreadd_done); /* Now the scheduler is fully set up and can do blocking allocations */ gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK; /* * init can allocate pages on any node */ set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_MEMORY]); /* * init can run on any cpu. */ set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpu_all_mask); cad_pid = task_pid(current); smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus); workqueue_init(); init_mm_internals(); do_pre_smp_initcalls(); lockup_detector_init(); smp_init(); sched_init_smp(); page_alloc_init_late(); do_basic_setup(); /* Open the /dev/console on the rootfs, this should never fail */ if (sys_open((const char __user *) "/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0) < 0) pr_err("Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n"); (void) sys_dup(0); (void) sys_dup(0); /* * check if there is an early userspace init. If yes, let it do all * the work */ if (!ramdisk_execute_command) ramdisk_execute_command = "/init"; if (sys_access((const char __user *) ramdisk_execute_command, 0) != 0) { ramdisk_execute_command = NULL; prepare_namespace(); } /* * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff.. * * rootfs is available now, try loading the public keys * and default modules */ integrity_load_keys(); load_default_modules(); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Vivek Goyal7245.28%15.26%
Eric W. Biedermann4025.16%15.26%
Peter Zijlstra106.29%210.53%
Miao Xie85.03%210.53%
Tejun Heo63.77%210.53%
Linus Torvalds53.14%15.26%
Dmitry Kasatkin42.52%15.26%
Mel Gorman31.89%15.26%
Michal Hocko31.89%15.26%
Al Viro21.26%15.26%
Vineet Gupta10.63%15.26%
Mike Travis10.63%15.26%
Andi Kleen10.63%15.26%
Lai Jiangshan10.63%15.26%
Rusty Russell10.63%15.26%
Andrew Morton10.63%15.26%
Total159100.00%19100.00%


Overall Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)39511.45%6518.31%
Rusty Russell36510.58%164.51%
Andrew Morton34710.06%318.73%
Prarit Bhargava2477.16%20.56%
Pawel Moll1704.93%10.28%
Linus Torvalds1223.54%174.79%
Vivek Goyal982.84%20.56%
Ingo Molnar782.26%143.94%
Kees Cook722.09%10.28%
Olof Johansson702.03%10.28%
Alon Bar-Lev702.03%10.28%
Michael Opdenacker692.00%10.28%
Al Viro692.00%41.13%
Eric W. Biedermann681.97%30.85%
Tejun Heo471.36%61.69%
Pekka J Enberg461.33%41.13%
Peter Oberparleiter441.28%10.28%
Kevin Winchester401.16%20.56%
Steven Rostedt361.04%82.25%
Thomas Gleixner361.04%82.25%
Yinghai Lu340.99%30.85%
Peter Zijlstra320.93%61.69%
Rasmus Villemoes300.87%20.56%
Chris Metcalf290.84%10.28%
Cyrill V. Gorcunov280.81%20.56%
Luis R. Rodriguez280.81%10.28%
Frédéric Weisbecker280.81%41.13%
Eduard - Gabriel Munteanu270.78%20.56%
matthias.kunze@gmx-topmail.de260.75%10.28%
David Howells250.72%51.41%
Magnus Damm240.70%10.28%
Américo Wang210.61%20.56%
Jim Cromie200.58%20.56%
Geert Uytterhoeven200.58%20.56%
Krzysztof Mazur190.55%10.28%
Dmitry Torokhov190.55%10.28%
William Lee Irwin III180.52%10.28%
Alexander Sverdlin170.49%10.28%
AKASHI Takahiro170.49%10.28%
Andi Kleen170.49%41.13%
Arjan van de Ven170.49%41.13%
Mike Travis160.46%30.85%
Heiko Carstens150.43%10.28%
Len Brown140.41%20.56%
Benjamin Herrenschmidt140.41%30.85%
H Hartley Sweeten140.41%10.28%
Paul E. McKenney130.38%41.13%
Greg Kroah-Hartman120.35%20.56%
Adrian Bunk120.35%41.13%
Shailabh Nagar120.35%20.56%
Jan Beulich100.29%20.56%
Hannes Frederic Sowa100.29%10.28%
Santosh Shilimkar90.26%10.28%
John Stultz90.26%20.56%
H. Peter Anvin90.26%20.56%
Josh Triplett90.26%20.56%
Ard van Breemen90.26%10.28%
Andrew Lutomirski90.26%10.28%
Paul Menage80.23%10.28%
Jinbum Park80.23%10.28%
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo80.23%10.28%
Miao Xie80.23%20.56%
Catalin Marinas70.20%20.56%
JoonSoo Kim70.20%10.28%
Dmitry Kasatkin70.20%10.28%
Nicholas Piggin60.17%30.85%
Jason Wessel60.17%20.56%
Aaron Tomlin60.17%10.28%
Dipankar Sarma60.17%10.28%
Matt Fleming60.17%10.28%
Stephen Boyd60.17%10.28%
Yaowei Bai60.17%10.28%
Feng Tang60.17%10.28%
Rafael J. Wysocki60.17%20.56%
Fabian Frederick60.17%20.56%
Toshi Kani60.17%10.28%
Kay Sievers50.14%10.28%
John Levon50.14%10.28%
Paul Jackson50.14%10.28%
Mel Gorman40.12%20.56%
Pavel Emelyanov40.12%10.28%
Daniel R Thompson40.12%10.28%
Tetsuo Handa40.12%10.28%
Geliang Tang40.12%10.28%
Stas Sergeev40.12%10.28%
Lai Jiangshan40.12%20.56%
Yang Shi30.09%10.28%
Vegard Nossum30.09%10.28%
Akinobu Mita30.09%10.28%
Jeremy Fitzhardinge30.09%10.28%
Sukadev Bhattiprolu30.09%10.28%
Emese Revfy30.09%10.28%
Paul Gortmaker30.09%10.28%
Theodore Y. Ts'o30.09%10.28%
Christoph Lameter30.09%10.28%
Randy Dunlap30.09%10.28%
Christoph Hellwig30.09%10.28%
Michal Hocko30.09%10.28%
Laura Abbott30.09%10.28%
Haicheng Li30.09%10.28%
Takao Indoh30.09%10.28%
Russell King30.09%10.28%
Stéphane Eranian30.09%10.28%
Alex Riesen30.09%20.56%
Patrick Mochel30.09%10.28%
Hannes Reinecke30.09%10.28%
Will Newton30.09%10.28%
Jens Axboe30.09%10.28%
Lei Ming30.09%10.28%
Borislav Petkov20.06%10.28%
Li Zefan20.06%10.28%
Chris Wright20.06%20.56%
Petr Mladek20.06%10.28%
Wang YanQing20.06%10.28%
Vineet Gupta20.06%10.28%
Adam Kropelin20.06%10.28%
Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso20.06%10.28%
Michal Schmidt20.06%10.28%
Jiang Liu20.06%10.28%
Viresh Kumar20.06%20.56%
Avery, Brian20.06%10.28%
Rakib Mullick20.06%10.28%
Heinrich Schuchardt20.06%10.28%
Sam Ravnborg20.06%10.28%
Tim Bird10.03%10.28%
Matthew Wilcox10.03%10.28%
Kirill A. Shutemov10.03%10.28%
Mauro Carvalho Chehab10.03%10.28%
Nico Pitre10.03%10.28%
Sergey Senozhatsky10.03%10.28%
Frans Klaver10.03%10.28%
Hugh Dickins10.03%10.28%
Namhyung Kim0.00%00.00%
Total3450100.00%355100.00%
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