Release 4.12 lib/zlib_deflate/deftree.c
/* +++ trees.c */
/* trees.c -- output deflated data using Huffman coding
* Copyright (C) 1995-1996 Jean-loup Gailly
* For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
*/
/*
* ALGORITHM
*
* The "deflation" process uses several Huffman trees. The more
* common source values are represented by shorter bit sequences.
*
* Each code tree is stored in a compressed form which is itself
* a Huffman encoding of the lengths of all the code strings (in
* ascending order by source values). The actual code strings are
* reconstructed from the lengths in the inflate process, as described
* in the deflate specification.
*
* REFERENCES
*
* Deutsch, L.P.,"'Deflate' Compressed Data Format Specification".
* Available in ftp.uu.net:/pub/archiving/zip/doc/deflate-1.1.doc
*
* Storer, James A.
* Data Compression: Methods and Theory, pp. 49-50.
* Computer Science Press, 1988. ISBN 0-7167-8156-5.
*
* Sedgewick, R.
* Algorithms, p290.
* Addison-Wesley, 1983. ISBN 0-201-06672-6.
*/
/* From: trees.c,v 1.11 1996/07/24 13:41:06 me Exp $ */
/* #include "deflate.h" */
#include <linux/zutil.h>
#include <linux/bitrev.h>
#include "defutil.h"
#ifdef DEBUG_ZLIB
# include <ctype.h>
#endif
/* ===========================================================================
* Constants
*/
#define MAX_BL_BITS 7
/* Bit length codes must not exceed MAX_BL_BITS bits */
#define END_BLOCK 256
/* end of block literal code */
#define REP_3_6 16
/* repeat previous bit length 3-6 times (2 bits of repeat count) */
#define REPZ_3_10 17
/* repeat a zero length 3-10 times (3 bits of repeat count) */
#define REPZ_11_138 18
/* repeat a zero length 11-138 times (7 bits of repeat count) */
static const int extra_lbits[LENGTH_CODES] /* extra bits for each length code */
= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,0};
static const int extra_dbits[D_CODES] /* extra bits for each distance code */
= {0,0,0,0,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13};
static const int extra_blbits[BL_CODES]/* extra bits for each bit length code */
= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,3,7};
static const uch bl_order[BL_CODES]
= {16,17,18,0,8,7,9,6,10,5,11,4,12,3,13,2,14,1,15};
/* The lengths of the bit length codes are sent in order of decreasing
* probability, to avoid transmitting the lengths for unused bit length codes.
*/
#define Buf_size (8 * 2*sizeof(char))
/* Number of bits used within bi_buf. (bi_buf might be implemented on
* more than 16 bits on some systems.)
*/
/* ===========================================================================
* Local data. These are initialized only once.
*/
static ct_data static_ltree[L_CODES+2];
/* The static literal tree. Since the bit lengths are imposed, there is no
* need for the L_CODES extra codes used during heap construction. However
* The codes 286 and 287 are needed to build a canonical tree (see zlib_tr_init
* below).
*/
static ct_data static_dtree[D_CODES];
/* The static distance tree. (Actually a trivial tree since all codes use
* 5 bits.)
*/
static uch dist_code[512];
/* distance codes. The first 256 values correspond to the distances
* 3 .. 258, the last 256 values correspond to the top 8 bits of
* the 15 bit distances.
*/
static uch length_code[MAX_MATCH-MIN_MATCH+1];
/* length code for each normalized match length (0 == MIN_MATCH) */
static int base_length[LENGTH_CODES];
/* First normalized length for each code (0 = MIN_MATCH) */
static int base_dist[D_CODES];
/* First normalized distance for each code (0 = distance of 1) */
struct static_tree_desc_s {
const ct_data *static_tree; /* static tree or NULL */
const int *extra_bits; /* extra bits for each code or NULL */
int extra_base; /* base index for extra_bits */
int elems; /* max number of elements in the tree */
int max_length; /* max bit length for the codes */
};
static static_tree_desc static_l_desc =
{static_ltree, extra_lbits, LITERALS+1, L_CODES, MAX_BITS};
static static_tree_desc static_d_desc =
{static_dtree, extra_dbits, 0, D_CODES, MAX_BITS};
static static_tree_desc static_bl_desc =
{(const ct_data *)0, extra_blbits, 0, BL_CODES, MAX_BL_BITS};
/* ===========================================================================
* Local (static) routines in this file.
*/
static void tr_static_init (void);
static void init_block (deflate_state *s);
static void pqdownheap (deflate_state *s, ct_data *tree, int k);
static void gen_bitlen (deflate_state *s, tree_desc *desc);
static void gen_codes (ct_data *tree, int max_code, ush *bl_count);
static void build_tree (deflate_state *s, tree_desc *desc);
static void scan_tree (deflate_state *s, ct_data *tree, int max_code);
static void send_tree (deflate_state *s, ct_data *tree, int max_code);
static int build_bl_tree (deflate_state *s);
static void send_all_trees (deflate_state *s, int lcodes, int dcodes,
int blcodes);
static void compress_block (deflate_state *s, ct_data *ltree,
ct_data *dtree);
static void set_data_type (deflate_state *s);
static void bi_windup (deflate_state *s);
static void bi_flush (deflate_state *s);
static void copy_block (deflate_state *s, char *buf, unsigned len,
int header);
#ifndef DEBUG_ZLIB
# define send_code(s, c, tree) send_bits(s, tree[c].Code, tree[c].Len)
/* Send a code of the given tree. c and tree must not have side effects */
#else /* DEBUG_ZLIB */
# define send_code(s, c, tree) \
{ if (z_verbose>2) fprintf(stderr,"\ncd %3d ",(c)); \
send_bits(s, tree[c].Code, tree[c].Len); }
#endif
#define d_code(dist) \
((dist) < 256 ? dist_code[dist] : dist_code[256+((dist)>>7)])
/* Mapping from a distance to a distance code. dist is the distance - 1 and
* must not have side effects. dist_code[256] and dist_code[257] are never
* used.
*/
/* ===========================================================================
* Send a value on a given number of bits.
* IN assertion: length <= 16 and value fits in length bits.
*/
#ifdef DEBUG_ZLIB
static void send_bits (deflate_state *s, int value, int length);
static void send_bits(
deflate_state *s,
int value, /* value to send */
int length /* number of bits */
)
{
Tracevv((stderr," l %2d v %4x ", length, value));
Assert(length > 0 && length <= 15, "invalid length");
s->bits_sent += (ulg)length;
/* If not enough room in bi_buf, use (valid) bits from bi_buf and
* (16 - bi_valid) bits from value, leaving (width - (16-bi_valid))
* unused bits in value.
*/
if (s->bi_valid > (int)Buf_size - length) {
s->bi_buf |= (value << s->bi_valid);
put_short(s, s->bi_buf);
s->bi_buf = (ush)value >> (Buf_size - s->bi_valid);
s->bi_valid += length - Buf_size;
} else {
s->bi_buf |= value << s->bi_valid;
s->bi_valid += length;
}
}
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| Total | 134 | 100.00% | 3 | 100.00% |
#else /* !DEBUG_ZLIB */
#define send_bits(s, value, length) \
{ int len = length;\
if (s->bi_valid > (int)Buf_size - len) {\
int val = value;\
s->bi_buf |= (val << s->bi_valid);\
put_short(s, s->bi_buf);\
s->bi_buf = (ush)val >> (Buf_size - s->bi_valid);\
s->bi_valid += len - Buf_size;\
} else {\
s->bi_buf |= (value) << s->bi_valid;\
s->bi_valid += len;\
}\
}
#endif /* DEBUG_ZLIB */
/* ===========================================================================
* Initialize the various 'constant' tables. In a multi-threaded environment,
* this function may be called by two threads concurrently, but this is
* harmless since both invocations do exactly the same thing.
*/
static void tr_static_init(void)
{
static int static_init_done;
int n; /* iterates over tree elements */
int bits; /* bit counter */
int length; /* length value */
int code; /* code value */
int dist; /* distance index */
ush bl_count[MAX_BITS+1];
/* number of codes at each bit length for an optimal tree */
if (static_init_done) return;
/* Initialize the mapping length (0..255) -> length code (0..28) */
length = 0;
for (code = 0; code < LENGTH_CODES-1; code++) {
base_length[code] = length;
for (n = 0; n < (1<<extra_lbits[code]); n++) {
length_code[length++] = (uch)code;
}
}
Assert (length == 256, "tr_static_init: length != 256");
/* Note that the length 255 (match length 258) can be represented
* in two different ways: code 284 + 5 bits or code 285, so we
* overwrite length_code[255] to use the best encoding:
*/
length_code[length-1] = (uch)code;
/* Initialize the mapping dist (0..32K) -> dist code (0..29) */
dist = 0;
for (code = 0 ; code < 16; code++) {
base_dist[code] = dist;
for (n = 0; n < (1<<extra_dbits[code]); n++) {
dist_code[dist++] = (uch)code;
}
}
Assert (dist == 256, "tr_static_init: dist != 256");
dist >>= 7; /* from now on, all distances are divided by 128 */
for ( ; code < D_CODES; code++) {
base_dist[code] = dist << 7;
for (n = 0; n < (1<<(extra_dbits[code]-7)); n++) {
dist_code[256 + dist++] = (uch)code;
}
}
Assert (dist == 256, "tr_static_init: 256+dist != 512");
/* Construct the codes of the static literal tree */
for (bits = 0; bits <= MAX_BITS; bits++) bl_count[bits] = 0;
n = 0;
while (n <= 143) static_ltree[n++].Len = 8, bl_count[8]++;
while (n <= 255) static_ltree[n++].Len = 9, bl_count[9]++;
while (n <= 279) static_ltree[n++].Len = 7, bl_count[7]++;
while (n <= 287) static_ltree[n++].Len = 8, bl_count[8]++;
/* Codes 286 and 287 do not exist, but we must include them in the
* tree construction to get a canonical Huffman tree (longest code
* all ones)
*/
gen_codes((ct_data *)static_ltree, L_CODES+1, bl_count);
/* The static distance tree is trivial: */
for (n = 0; n < D_CODES; n++) {
static_dtree[n].Len = 5;
static_dtree[n].Code = bitrev32((u32)n) >> (32 - 5);
}
static_init_done = 1;
}
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| Jörn Engel | 1 | 0.22% | 1 | 25.00% |
| Total | 452 | 100.00% | 4 | 100.00% |
/* ===========================================================================
* Initialize the tree data structures for a new zlib stream.
*/
void zlib_tr_init(
deflate_state *s
)
{
tr_static_init();
s->compressed_len = 0L;
s->l_desc.dyn_tree = s->dyn_ltree;
s->l_desc.stat_desc = &static_l_desc;
s->d_desc.dyn_tree = s->dyn_dtree;
s->d_desc.stat_desc = &static_d_desc;
s->bl_desc.dyn_tree = s->bl_tree;
s->bl_desc.stat_desc = &static_bl_desc;
s->bi_buf = 0;
s->bi_valid = 0;
s->last_eob_len = 8; /* enough lookahead for inflate */
#ifdef DEBUG_ZLIB
s->bits_sent = 0L;
#endif
/* Initialize the first block of the first file: */
init_block(s);
}
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| Total | 111 | 100.00% | 2 | 100.00% |
/* ===========================================================================
* Initialize a new block.
*/
static void init_block(
deflate_state *s
)
{
int n; /* iterates over tree elements */
/* Initialize the trees. */
for (n = 0; n < L_CODES; n++) s->dyn_ltree[n].Freq = 0;
for (n = 0; n < D_CODES; n++) s->dyn_dtree[n].Freq = 0;
for (n = 0; n < BL_CODES; n++) s->bl_tree[n].Freq = 0;
s->dyn_ltree[END_BLOCK].Freq = 1;
s->opt_len = s->static_len = 0L;
s->last_lit = s->matches = 0;
}
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| Steven Cole | 1 | 0.85% | 1 | 33.33% |
| Jörn Engel | 1 | 0.85% | 1 | 33.33% |
| Total | 118 | 100.00% | 3 | 100.00% |
#define SMALLEST 1
/* Index within the heap array of least frequent node in the Huffman tree */
/* ===========================================================================
* Remove the smallest element from the heap and recreate the heap with
* one less element. Updates heap and heap_len.
*/
#define pqremove(s, tree, top) \
{\
top = s->heap[SMALLEST]; \
s->heap[SMALLEST] = s->heap[s->heap_len--]; \
pqdownheap(s, tree, SMALLEST); \
}
/* ===========================================================================
* Compares to subtrees, using the tree depth as tie breaker when
* the subtrees have equal frequency. This minimizes the worst case length.
*/
#define smaller(tree, n, m, depth) \
(tree[n].Freq < tree[m].Freq || \
(tree[n].Freq == tree[m].Freq && depth[n] <= depth[m]))
/* ===========================================================================
* Restore the heap property by moving down the tree starting at node k,
* exchanging a node with the smallest of its two sons if necessary, stopping
* when the heap property is re-established (each father smaller than its
* two sons).
*/
static void pqdownheap(
deflate_state *s,
ct_data *tree, /* the tree to restore */
int k /* node to move down */
)
{
int v = s->heap[k];
int j = k << 1; /* left son of k */
while (j <= s->heap_len) {
/* Set j to the smallest of the two sons: */
if (j < s->heap_len &&
smaller(tree, s->heap[j+1], s->heap[j], s->depth)) {
j++;
}
/* Exit if v is smaller than both sons */
if (smaller(tree, v, s->heap[j], s->depth)) break;
/* Exchange v with the smallest son */
s->heap[k] = s->heap[j]; k = j;
/* And continue down the tree, setting j to the left son of k */
j <<= 1;
}
s->heap[k] = v;
}
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| Jörn Engel | 1 | 0.71% | 1 | 33.33% |
| Total | 141 | 100.00% | 3 | 100.00% |
/* ===========================================================================
* Compute the optimal bit lengths for a tree and update the total bit length
* for the current block.
* IN assertion: the fields freq and dad are set, heap[heap_max] and
* above are the tree nodes sorted by increasing frequency.
* OUT assertions: the field len is set to the optimal bit length, the
* array bl_count contains the frequencies for each bit length.
* The length opt_len is updated; static_len is also updated if stree is
* not null.
*/
static void gen_bitlen(
deflate_state *s,
tree_desc *desc /* the tree descriptor */
)
{
ct_data *tree = desc->dyn_tree;
int max_code = desc->max_code;
const ct_data *stree = desc->stat_desc->static_tree;
const int *extra = desc->stat_desc->extra_bits;
int base = desc->stat_desc->extra_base;
int max_length = desc->stat_desc->max_length;
int h; /* heap index */
int n, m; /* iterate over the tree elements */
int bits; /* bit length */
int xbits; /* extra bits */
ush f; /* frequency */
int overflow = 0; /* number of elements with bit length too large */
for (bits = 0; bits <= MAX_BITS; bits++) s->bl_count[bits] = 0;
/* In a first pass, compute the optimal bit lengths (which may
* overflow in the case of the bit length tree).
*/
tree[s->heap[s->heap_max]].Len = 0; /* root of the heap */
for (h = s->heap_max+1; h < HEAP_SIZE; h++) {
n = s->heap[h];
bits = tree[tree[n].Dad].Len + 1;
if (bits > max_length) bits = max_length, overflow++;
tree[n].Len = (ush)bits;
/* We overwrite tree[n].Dad which is no longer needed */
if (n > max_code) continue; /* not a leaf node */
s->bl_count[bits]++;
xbits = 0;
if (n >= base) xbits = extra[n-base];
f = tree[n].Freq;
s->opt_len += (ulg)f * (bits + xbits);
if (stree) s->static_len += (ulg)f * (stree[n].Len + xbits);
}
if (overflow == 0) return;
Trace((stderr,"\nbit length overflow\n"));
/* This happens for example on obj2 and pic of the Calgary corpus */
/* Find the first bit length which could increase: */
do {
bits = max_length-1;
while (s->bl_count[bits] == 0) bits--;
s->bl_count[bits]--; /* move one leaf down the tree */
s->bl_count[bits+1] += 2; /* move one overflow item as its brother */
s->bl_count[max_length]--;
/* The brother of the overflow item also moves one step up,
* but this does not affect bl_count[max_length]
*/
overflow -= 2;
} while (overflow > 0);
/* Now recompute all bit lengths, scanning in increasing frequency.
* h is still equal to HEAP_SIZE. (It is simpler to reconstruct all
* lengths instead of fixing only the wrong ones. This idea is taken
* from 'ar' written by Haruhiko Okumura.)
*/
for (bits = max_length; bits != 0; bits--) {
n = s->bl_count[bits];
while (n != 0) {
m = s->heap[--h];
if (m > max_code) continue;
if (tree[m].Len != (unsigned) bits) {
Trace((stderr,"code %d bits %d->%d\n", m, tree[m].Len, bits));
s->opt_len += ((long)bits - (long)tree[m].Len)
*(long)tree[m].Freq;
tree[m].Len = (ush)bits;
}
n--;
}
}
}
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| Jörn Engel | 2 | 0.40% | 2 | 50.00% |
| Total | 505 | 100.00% | 4 | 100.00% |
/* ===========================================================================
* Generate the codes for a given tree and bit counts (which need not be
* optimal).
* IN assertion: the array bl_count contains the bit length statistics for
* the given tree and the field len is set for all tree elements.
* OUT assertion: the field code is set for all tree elements of non
* zero code length.
*/
static void gen_codes(
ct_data *tree, /* the tree to decorate */
int max_code, /* largest code with non zero frequency */
ush *bl_count /* number of codes at each bit length */
)
{
ush next_code[MAX_BITS+1]; /* next code value for each bit length */
ush code = 0; /* running code value */
int bits; /* bit index */
int n; /* code index */
/* The distribution counts are first used to generate the code values
* without bit reversal.
*/
for (bits = 1; bits <= MAX_BITS; bits++) {
next_code[bits] = code = (code + bl_count[bits-1]) << 1;
}
/* Check that the bit counts in bl_count are consistent. The last code
* must be all ones.
*/
Assert (code + bl_count[MAX_BITS]-1 == (1<<MAX_BITS)-1,
"inconsistent bit counts");
Tracev((stderr,"\ngen_codes: max_code %d ", max_code));
for (n = 0; n <= max_code; n++) {
int len = tree[n].Len;
if (len == 0) continue;
/* Now reverse the bits */
tree[n].Code = bitrev32((u32)(next_code[len]++)) >> (32 - len);
Tracecv(tree != static_ltree, (stderr,"\nn %3d %c l %2d c %4x (%x) ",
n, (isgraph(n) ? n : ' '), len, tree[n].Code, next_code[len]-1));
}
}
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| Jörn Engel | 2 | 0.93% | 2 | 40.00% |
| Total | 215 | 100.00% | 5 | 100.00% |
/* ===========================================================================
* Construct one Huffman tree and assigns the code bit strings and lengths.
* Update the total bit length for the current block.
* IN assertion: the field freq is set for all tree elements.
* OUT assertions: the fields len and code are set to the optimal bit length
* and corresponding code. The length opt_len is updated; static_len is
* also updated if stree is not null. The field max_code is set.
*/
static void build_tree(
deflate_state *s,
tree_desc *desc /* the tree descriptor */
)
{
ct_data *tree = desc->dyn_tree;
const ct_data *stree = desc->stat_desc->static_tree;
int elems = desc->stat_desc->elems;
int n, m; /* iterate over heap elements */
int max_code = -1; /* largest code with non zero frequency */
int node; /* new node being created */
/* Construct the initial heap, with least frequent element in
* heap[SMALLEST]. The sons of heap[n] are heap[2*n] and heap[2*n+1].
* heap[0] is not used.
*/
s->heap_len = 0, s->heap_max = HEAP_SIZE;
for (n = 0; n < elems; n++) {
if (tree[n].Freq != 0) {
s->heap[++(s->heap_len)] = max_code = n;
s->depth[n] = 0;
} else {
tree[n].Len = 0;
}
}
/* The pkzip format requires that at least one distance code exists,
* and that at least one bit should be sent even if there is only one
* possible code. So to avoid special checks later on we force at least
* two codes of non zero frequency.
*/
while (s->heap_len < 2) {
node = s->heap[++(s->heap_len)] = (max_code < 2 ? ++max_code : 0);
tree[node].Freq = 1;
s->depth[node] = 0;
s->opt_len--; if (stree) s->static_len -= stree[node].Len;
/* node is 0 or 1 so it does not have extra bits */
}
desc->max_code = max_code;
/* The elements heap[heap_len/2+1 .. heap_len] are leaves of the tree,
* establish sub-heaps of increasing lengths:
*/
for (n = s->heap_len/2; n >= 1; n--) pqdownheap(s, tree, n);
/* Construct the Huffman tree by repeatedly combining the least two
* frequent nodes.
*/
node = elems; /* next internal node of the tree */
do {
pqremove(s, tree, n); /* n = node of least frequency */
m = s->heap[SMALLEST]; /* m = node of next least frequency */
s->heap[--(s->heap_max)] = n; /* keep the nodes sorted by frequency */
s->heap[--(s->heap_max)] = m;
/* Create a new node father of n and m */
tree[node].Freq = tree[n].Freq + tree[m].Freq;
s->depth[node] = (uch) (max(s->depth[n], s->depth[m]) + 1);
tree[n].Dad = tree[m].Dad = (ush)node;
#ifdef DUMP_BL_TREE
if (tree == s->bl_tree) {
fprintf(stderr,"\nnode %d(%d), sons %d(%d) %d(%d)",
node, tree[node].Freq, n, tree[n].Freq, m, tree[m].Freq);
}
#endif
/* and insert the new node in the heap */
s->heap[SMALLEST] = node++;
pqdownheap(s, tree, SMALLEST);
} while (s->heap_len >= 2);
s->heap[--(s->heap_max)] = s->heap[SMALLEST];
/* At this point, the fields freq and dad are set. We can now
* generate the bit lengths.
*/
gen_bitlen(s, (tree_desc *)desc);
/* The field len is now set, we can generate the bit codes */
gen_codes ((ct_data *)tree, max_code, s->bl_count);
}
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| Andrew Morton | 1 | 0.20% | 1 | 25.00% |
| Total | 501 | 100.00% | 4 | 100.00% |
/* ===========================================================================
* Scan a literal or distance tree to determine the frequencies of the codes
* in the bit length tree.
*/
static void scan_tree(
deflate_state *s,
ct_data *tree, /* the tree to be scanned */
int max_code /* and its largest code of non zero frequency */
)
{
int n; /* iterates over all tree elements */
int prevlen = -1; /* last emitted length */
int curlen; /* length of current code */
int nextlen = tree[0].Len; /* length of next code */
int count = 0; /* repeat count of the current code */
int max_count = 7; /* max repeat count */
int min_count = 4; /* min repeat count */
if (nextlen == 0) max_count = 138, min_count = 3;
tree[max_code+1].Len = (