cregit-Linux how code gets into the kernel

Release 4.14 arch/nios2/kernel/process.c

/*
 * Architecture-dependent parts of process handling.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2013 Altera Corporation
 * Copyright (C) 2010 Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
 * Copyright (C) 2009 Wind River Systems Inc
 *   Implemented by fredrik.markstrom@gmail.com and ivarholmqvist@gmail.com
 * Copyright (C) 2004 Microtronix Datacom Ltd
 *
 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
 * License.  See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
 * for more details.
 */

#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/debug.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/mm_types.h>
#include <linux/tick.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>

#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include <asm/traps.h>
#include <asm/cpuinfo.h>

asmlinkage void ret_from_fork(void);
asmlinkage void ret_from_kernel_thread(void);


void (*pm_power_off)(void) = NULL;

EXPORT_SYMBOL(pm_power_off);


void arch_cpu_idle(void) { local_irq_enable(); }

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/* * The development boards have no way to pull a board reset. Just jump to the * cpu reset address and let the boot loader or the code in head.S take care of * resetting peripherals. */
void machine_restart(char *__unused) { pr_notice("Machine restart (%08x)...\n", cpuinfo.reset_addr); local_irq_disable(); __asm__ __volatile__ ( "jmp %0\n\t" : : "r" (cpuinfo.reset_addr) : "r4"); }

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void machine_halt(void) { pr_notice("Machine halt...\n"); local_irq_disable(); for (;;) ; }

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/* * There is no way to power off the development boards. So just spin for now. If * we ever have a way of resetting a board using a GPIO we should add that here. */
void machine_power_off(void) { pr_notice("Machine power off...\n"); local_irq_disable(); for (;;) ; }

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void show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs) { pr_notice("\n"); show_regs_print_info(KERN_DEFAULT); pr_notice("r1: %08lx r2: %08lx r3: %08lx r4: %08lx\n", regs->r1, regs->r2, regs->r3, regs->r4); pr_notice("r5: %08lx r6: %08lx r7: %08lx r8: %08lx\n", regs->r5, regs->r6, regs->r7, regs->r8); pr_notice("r9: %08lx r10: %08lx r11: %08lx r12: %08lx\n", regs->r9, regs->r10, regs->r11, regs->r12); pr_notice("r13: %08lx r14: %08lx r15: %08lx\n", regs->r13, regs->r14, regs->r15); pr_notice("ra: %08lx fp: %08lx sp: %08lx gp: %08lx\n", regs->ra, regs->fp, regs->sp, regs->gp); pr_notice("ea: %08lx estatus: %08lx\n", regs->ea, regs->estatus); }

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void flush_thread(void) { }

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int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags, unsigned long usp, unsigned long arg, struct task_struct *p) { struct pt_regs *childregs = task_pt_regs(p); struct pt_regs *regs; struct switch_stack *stack; struct switch_stack *childstack = ((struct switch_stack *)childregs) - 1; if (unlikely(p->flags & PF_KTHREAD)) { memset(childstack, 0, sizeof(struct switch_stack) + sizeof(struct pt_regs)); childstack->r16 = usp; /* fn */ childstack->r17 = arg; childstack->ra = (unsigned long) ret_from_kernel_thread; childregs->estatus = STATUS_PIE; childregs->sp = (unsigned long) childstack; p->thread.ksp = (unsigned long) childstack; p->thread.kregs = childregs; return 0; } regs = current_pt_regs(); *childregs = *regs; childregs->r2 = 0; /* Set the return value for the child. */ childregs->r7 = 0; stack = ((struct switch_stack *) regs) - 1; *childstack = *stack; childstack->ra = (unsigned long)ret_from_fork; p->thread.kregs = childregs; p->thread.ksp = (unsigned long) childstack; if (usp) childregs->sp = usp; /* Initialize tls register. */ if (clone_flags & CLONE_SETTLS) childstack->r23 = regs->r8; return 0; }

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/* * Generic dumping code. Used for panic and debug. */
void dump(struct pt_regs *fp) { unsigned long *sp; unsigned char *tp; int i; pr_emerg("\nCURRENT PROCESS:\n\n"); pr_emerg("COMM=%s PID=%d\n", current->comm, current->pid); if (current->mm) { pr_emerg("TEXT=%08x-%08x DATA=%08x-%08x BSS=%08x-%08x\n", (int) current->mm->start_code, (int) current->mm->end_code, (int) current->mm->start_data, (int) current->mm->end_data, (int) current->mm->end_data, (int) current->mm->brk); pr_emerg("USER-STACK=%08x KERNEL-STACK=%08x\n\n", (int) current->mm->start_stack, (int)(((unsigned long) current) + THREAD_SIZE)); } pr_emerg("PC: %08lx\n", fp->ea); pr_emerg("SR: %08lx SP: %08lx\n", (long) fp->estatus, (long) fp); pr_emerg("r1: %08lx r2: %08lx r3: %08lx\n", fp->r1, fp->r2, fp->r3); pr_emerg("r4: %08lx r5: %08lx r6: %08lx r7: %08lx\n", fp->r4, fp->r5, fp->r6, fp->r7); pr_emerg("r8: %08lx r9: %08lx r10: %08lx r11: %08lx\n", fp->r8, fp->r9, fp->r10, fp->r11); pr_emerg("r12: %08lx r13: %08lx r14: %08lx r15: %08lx\n", fp->r12, fp->r13, fp->r14, fp->r15); pr_emerg("or2: %08lx ra: %08lx fp: %08lx sp: %08lx\n", fp->orig_r2, fp->ra, fp->fp, fp->sp); pr_emerg("\nUSP: %08x TRAPFRAME: %08x\n", (unsigned int) fp->sp, (unsigned int) fp); pr_emerg("\nCODE:"); tp = ((unsigned char *) fp->ea) - 0x20; for (sp = (unsigned long *) tp, i = 0; (i < 0x40); i += 4) { if ((i % 0x10) == 0) pr_emerg("\n%08x: ", (int) (tp + i)); pr_emerg("%08x ", (int) *sp++); } pr_emerg("\n"); pr_emerg("\nKERNEL STACK:"); tp = ((unsigned char *) fp) - 0x40; for (sp = (unsigned long *) tp, i = 0; (i < 0xc0); i += 4) { if ((i % 0x10) == 0) pr_emerg("\n%08x: ", (int) (tp + i)); pr_emerg("%08x ", (int) *sp++); } pr_emerg("\n"); pr_emerg("\n"); pr_emerg("\nUSER STACK:"); tp = (unsigned char *) (fp->sp - 0x10); for (sp = (unsigned long *) tp, i = 0; (i < 0x80); i += 4) { if ((i % 0x10) == 0) pr_emerg("\n%08x: ", (int) (tp + i)); pr_emerg("%08x ", (int) *sp++); } pr_emerg("\n\n"); }

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unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p) { unsigned long fp, pc; unsigned long stack_page; int count = 0; if (!p || p == current || p->state == TASK_RUNNING) return 0; stack_page = (unsigned long)p; fp = ((struct switch_stack *)p->thread.ksp)->fp; /* ;dgt2 */ do { if (fp < stack_page+sizeof(struct task_struct) || fp >= 8184+stack_page) /* ;dgt2;tmp */ return 0; pc = ((unsigned long *)fp)[1]; if (!in_sched_functions(pc)) return pc; fp = *(unsigned long *) fp; } while (count++ < 16); /* ;dgt2;tmp */ return 0; }

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/* * Do necessary setup to start up a newly executed thread. * Will startup in user mode (status_extension = 0). */
void start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long pc, unsigned long sp) { memset((void *) regs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs)); regs->estatus = ESTATUS_EPIE | ESTATUS_EU; regs->ea = pc; regs->sp = sp; }

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#include <linux/elfcore.h> /* Fill in the FPU structure for a core dump. */
int dump_fpu(struct pt_regs *regs, elf_fpregset_t *r) { return 0; /* Nios2 has no FPU and thus no FPU registers */ }

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