Release 4.14 arch/x86/kernel/machine_kexec_64.c

/*
 * handle transition of Linux booting another kernel
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2005 Eric Biederman  <ebiederm@xmission.com>
 *
 * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
 * Version 2.  See the file COPYING for more details.
 */


#define pr_fmt(fmt)	"kexec: " fmt

#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/reboot.h>
#include <linux/numa.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/suspend.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>

#include <asm/init.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/io_apic.h>
#include <asm/debugreg.h>
#include <asm/kexec-bzimage64.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/set_memory.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE

static struct kexec_file_ops *kexec_file_loaders[] = {
		&kexec_bzImage64_ops,
};
#endif



static void free_transition_pgtable(struct kimage *image)
{
	free_page((unsigned long)image->arch.p4d);
	free_page((unsigned long)image->arch.pud);
	free_page((unsigned long)image->arch.pmd);
	free_page((unsigned long)image->arch.pte);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Huang Ying
50
79.37%
1
50.00%
Kirill A. Shutemov
13
20.63%
1
50.00%
Total
63
100.00%
2
100.00%



static int init_transition_pgtable(struct kimage *image, pgd_t *pgd)
{
	p4d_t *p4d;
	pud_t *pud;
	pmd_t *pmd;
	pte_t *pte;
	unsigned long vaddr, paddr;
	int result = -ENOMEM;

	vaddr = (unsigned long)relocate_kernel;
	paddr = __pa(page_address(image->control_code_page)+PAGE_SIZE);
	pgd += pgd_index(vaddr);
	if (!pgd_present(*pgd)) {
		p4d = (p4d_t *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!p4d)
			goto err;
		image->arch.p4d = p4d;
		set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(p4d) | _KERNPG_TABLE));
	}
	p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, vaddr);
	if (!p4d_present(*p4d)) {
		pud = (pud_t *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!pud)
			goto err;
		image->arch.pud = pud;
		set_p4d(p4d, __p4d(__pa(pud) | _KERNPG_TABLE));
	}
	pud = pud_offset(p4d, vaddr);
	if (!pud_present(*pud)) {
		pmd = (pmd_t *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!pmd)
			goto err;
		image->arch.pmd = pmd;
		set_pud(pud, __pud(__pa(pmd) | _KERNPG_TABLE));
	}
	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
	if (!pmd_present(*pmd)) {
		pte = (pte_t *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!pte)
			goto err;
		image->arch.pte = pte;
		set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(pte) | _KERNPG_TABLE));
	}
	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
	set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(paddr >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC_NOENC));
	return 0;
err:
	free_transition_pgtable(image);
	return result;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Huang Ying
276
79.54%
1
33.33%
Kirill A. Shutemov
70
20.17%
1
33.33%
Tom Lendacky
1
0.29%
1
33.33%
Total
347
100.00%
3
100.00%



static void *alloc_pgt_page(void *data)
{
	struct kimage *image = (struct kimage *)data;
	struct page *page;
	void *p = NULL;

	page = kimage_alloc_control_pages(image, 0);
	if (page) {
		p = page_address(page);
		clear_page(p);
	}

	return p;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Yinghai Lu
64
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
64
100.00%
1
100.00%



static int init_pgtable(struct kimage *image, unsigned long start_pgtable)
{
	struct x86_mapping_info info = {
		.alloc_pgt_page	= alloc_pgt_page,
		.context	= image,
		.page_flag	= __PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC,
		.kernpg_flag	= _KERNPG_TABLE_NOENC,
        };
	unsigned long mstart, mend;
	pgd_t *level4p;
	int result;
	int i;

	level4p = (pgd_t *)__va(start_pgtable);
	clear_page(level4p);

	if (direct_gbpages)
		info.direct_gbpages = true;

	for (i = 0; i < nr_pfn_mapped; i++) {
		mstart = pfn_mapped[i].start << PAGE_SHIFT;
		mend   = pfn_mapped[i].end << PAGE_SHIFT;

		result = kernel_ident_mapping_init(&info,
						 level4p, mstart, mend);
		if (result)
			return result;
	}

	/*
         * segments's mem ranges could be outside 0 ~ max_pfn,
         * for example when jump back to original kernel from kexeced kernel.
         * or first kernel is booted with user mem map, and second kernel
         * could be loaded out of that range.
         */
	for (i = 0; i < image->nr_segments; i++) {
		mstart = image->segment[i].mem;
		mend   = mstart + image->segment[i].memsz;

		result = kernel_ident_mapping_init(&info,
						 level4p, mstart, mend);

		if (result)
			return result;
	}

	return init_transition_pgtable(image, level4p);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Yinghai Lu
124
58.49%
3
30.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
37
17.45%
2
20.00%
Huang Ying
35
16.51%
2
20.00%
Xunlei Pang
11
5.19%
2
20.00%
Tom Lendacky
5
2.36%
1
10.00%
Total
212
100.00%
10
100.00%



static void set_idt(void *newidt, u16 limit)
{
	struct desc_ptr curidt;

	/* x86-64 supports unaliged loads & stores */
	curidt.size    = limit;
	curidt.address = (unsigned long)newidt;

	__asm__ __volatile__ (
                "lidtq %0\n"
                : : "m" (curidt)
                );
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Eric W. Biedermann
37
100.00%
2
100.00%
Total
37
100.00%
2
100.00%

;




static void set_gdt(void *newgdt, u16 limit)
{
	struct desc_ptr curgdt;

	/* x86-64 supports unaligned loads & stores */
	curgdt.size    = limit;
	curgdt.address = (unsigned long)newgdt;

	__asm__ __volatile__ (
                "lgdtq %0\n"
                : : "m" (curgdt)
                );
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Eric W. Biedermann
37
100.00%
2
100.00%
Total
37
100.00%
2
100.00%

;



static void load_segments(void)
{
	__asm__ __volatile__ (
                "\tmovl %0,%%ds\n"
                "\tmovl %0,%%es\n"
                "\tmovl %0,%%ss\n"
                "\tmovl %0,%%fs\n"
                "\tmovl %0,%%gs\n"
                : : "a" (__KERNEL_DS) : "memory"
                );
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Eric W. Biedermann
10
90.91%
1
50.00%
Michael Matz
1
9.09%
1
50.00%
Total
11
100.00%
2
100.00%

#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE
/* Update purgatory as needed after various image segments have been prepared */


static int arch_update_purgatory(struct kimage *image)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (!image->file_mode)
		return 0;

	/* Setup copying of backup region */
	if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH) {
		ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image,
				"purgatory_backup_dest",
				&image->arch.backup_load_addr,
				sizeof(image->arch.backup_load_addr), 0);
		if (ret)
			return ret;

		ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image,
				"purgatory_backup_src",
				&image->arch.backup_src_start,
				sizeof(image->arch.backup_src_start), 0);
		if (ret)
			return ret;

		ret = kexec_purgatory_get_set_symbol(image,
				"purgatory_backup_sz",
				&image->arch.backup_src_sz,
				sizeof(image->arch.backup_src_sz), 0);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	return ret;
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
139
97.89%
1
50.00%
Thomas Gleixner
3
2.11%
1
50.00%
Total
142
100.00%
2
100.00%

#else /* !CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */


static inline int arch_update_purgatory(struct kimage *image)
{
	return 0;
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
15
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
15
100.00%
1
100.00%

#endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */



int machine_kexec_prepare(struct kimage *image)
{
	unsigned long start_pgtable;
	int result;

	/* Calculate the offsets */
	start_pgtable = page_to_pfn(image->control_code_page) << PAGE_SHIFT;

	/* Setup the identity mapped 64bit page table */
	result = init_pgtable(image, start_pgtable);
	if (result)
		return result;

	/* update purgatory as needed */
	result = arch_update_purgatory(image);
	if (result)
		return result;

	return 0;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Eric W. Biedermann
49
76.56%
1
50.00%
Vivek Goyal
15
23.44%
1
50.00%
Total
64
100.00%
2
100.00%



void machine_kexec_cleanup(struct kimage *image)
{
	free_transition_pgtable(image);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Eric W. Biedermann
10
66.67%
1
50.00%
Huang Ying
5
33.33%
1
50.00%
Total
15
100.00%
2
100.00%

/*
 * Do not allocate memory (or fail in any way) in machine_kexec().
 * We are past the point of no return, committed to rebooting now.
 */


void machine_kexec(struct kimage *image)
{
	unsigned long page_list[PAGES_NR];
	void *control_page;
	int save_ftrace_enabled;

#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP
	if (image->preserve_context)
		save_processor_state();
#endif

	save_ftrace_enabled = __ftrace_enabled_save();

	/* Interrupts aren't acceptable while we reboot */
	local_irq_disable();
	hw_breakpoint_disable();

	if (image->preserve_context) {
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_IO_APIC
		/*
                 * We need to put APICs in legacy mode so that we can
                 * get timer interrupts in second kernel. kexec/kdump
                 * paths already have calls to disable_IO_APIC() in
                 * one form or other. kexec jump path also need
                 * one.
                 */
		disable_IO_APIC();
#endif
	}

	control_page = page_address(image->control_code_page) + PAGE_SIZE;
	memcpy(control_page, relocate_kernel, KEXEC_CONTROL_CODE_MAX_SIZE);

	page_list[PA_CONTROL_PAGE] = virt_to_phys(control_page);
	page_list[VA_CONTROL_PAGE] = (unsigned long)control_page;
	page_list[PA_TABLE_PAGE] =
	  (unsigned long)__pa(page_address(image->control_code_page));

	if (image->type == KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT)
		page_list[PA_SWAP_PAGE] = (page_to_pfn(image->swap_page)
						<< PAGE_SHIFT);

	/*
         * The segment registers are funny things, they have both a
         * visible and an invisible part.  Whenever the visible part is
         * set to a specific selector, the invisible part is loaded
         * with from a table in memory.  At no other time is the
         * descriptor table in memory accessed.
         *
         * I take advantage of this here by force loading the
         * segments, before I zap the gdt with an invalid value.
         */
	load_segments();
	/*
         * The gdt & idt are now invalid.
         * If you want to load them you must set up your own idt & gdt.
         */
	set_gdt(phys_to_virt(0), 0);
	set_idt(phys_to_virt(0), 0);

	/* now call it */
	image->start = relocate_kernel((unsigned long)image->head,
				       (unsigned long)page_list,
				       image->start,
				       image->preserve_context,
				       sme_active());

#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP
	if (image->preserve_context)
		restore_processor_state();
#endif

	__ftrace_enabled_restore(save_ftrace_enabled);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Huang Ying
102
44.74%
3
30.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
66
28.95%
2
20.00%
Magnus Damm
51
22.37%
1
10.00%
Tom Lendacky
3
1.32%
1
10.00%
K.Prasad
3
1.32%
1
10.00%
Ingo Molnar
2
0.88%
1
10.00%
Linus Torvalds
1
0.44%
1
10.00%
Total
228
100.00%
10
100.00%



void arch_crash_save_vmcoreinfo(void)
{
	VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(phys_base);
	VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(init_top_pgt);

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(node_data);
	VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(node_data, MAX_NUMNODES);
#endif
	vmcoreinfo_append_str("KERNELOFFSET=%lx\n",
			      kaslr_offset());
	VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Ken'ichi Ohmichi
32
68.09%
4
50.00%
Eugene Surovegin
6
12.77%
1
12.50%
Baoquan He
6
12.77%
1
12.50%
Jiri Kosina
2
4.26%
1
12.50%
Kirill A. Shutemov
1
2.13%
1
12.50%
Total
47
100.00%
8
100.00%

/* arch-dependent functionality related to kexec file-based syscall */

#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE


int arch_kexec_kernel_image_probe(struct kimage *image, void *buf,
				  unsigned long buf_len)
{
	int i, ret = -ENOEXEC;
	struct kexec_file_ops *fops;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(kexec_file_loaders); i++) {
		fops = kexec_file_loaders[i];
		if (!fops || !fops->probe)
			continue;

		ret = fops->probe(buf, buf_len);
		if (!ret) {
			image->fops = fops;
			return ret;
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
97
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
97
100.00%
1
100.00%



void *arch_kexec_kernel_image_load(struct kimage *image)
{
	vfree(image->arch.elf_headers);
	image->arch.elf_headers = NULL;

	if (!image->fops || !image->fops->load)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOEXEC);

	return image->fops->load(image, image->kernel_buf,
				 image->kernel_buf_len, image->initrd_buf,
				 image->initrd_buf_len, image->cmdline_buf,
				 image->cmdline_buf_len);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
83
100.00%
2
100.00%
Total
83
100.00%
2
100.00%



int arch_kimage_file_post_load_cleanup(struct kimage *image)
{
	if (!image->fops || !image->fops->cleanup)
		return 0;

	return image->fops->cleanup(image->image_loader_data);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
39
100.00%
2
100.00%
Total
39
100.00%
2
100.00%

#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG


int arch_kexec_kernel_verify_sig(struct kimage *image, void *kernel,
				 unsigned long kernel_len)
{
	if (!image->fops || !image->fops->verify_sig) {
		pr_debug("kernel loader does not support signature verification.");
		return -EKEYREJECTED;
	}

	return image->fops->verify_sig(kernel, kernel_len);
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
55
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
55
100.00%
1
100.00%

#endif

/*
 * Apply purgatory relocations.
 *
 * ehdr: Pointer to elf headers
 * sechdrs: Pointer to section headers.
 * relsec: section index of SHT_RELA section.
 *
 * TODO: Some of the code belongs to generic code. Move that in kexec.c.
 */


int arch_kexec_apply_relocations_add(const Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr,
				     Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs, unsigned int relsec)
{
	unsigned int i;
	Elf64_Rela *rel;
	Elf64_Sym *sym;
	void *location;
	Elf64_Shdr *section, *symtabsec;
	unsigned long address, sec_base, value;
	const char *strtab, *name, *shstrtab;

	/*
         * ->sh_offset has been modified to keep the pointer to section
         * contents in memory
         */
	rel = (void *)sechdrs[relsec].sh_offset;

	/* Section to which relocations apply */
	section = &sechdrs[sechdrs[relsec].sh_info];

	pr_debug("Applying relocate section %u to %u\n", relsec,
		 sechdrs[relsec].sh_info);

	/* Associated symbol table */
	symtabsec = &sechdrs[sechdrs[relsec].sh_link];

	/* String table */
	if (symtabsec->sh_link >= ehdr->e_shnum) {
		/* Invalid strtab section number */
		pr_err("Invalid string table section index %d\n",
		       symtabsec->sh_link);
		return -ENOEXEC;
	}

	strtab = (char *)sechdrs[symtabsec->sh_link].sh_offset;

	/* section header string table */
	shstrtab = (char *)sechdrs[ehdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;

	for (i = 0; i < sechdrs[relsec].sh_size / sizeof(*rel); i++) {

		/*
                 * rel[i].r_offset contains byte offset from beginning
                 * of section to the storage unit affected.
                 *
                 * This is location to update (->sh_offset). This is temporary
                 * buffer where section is currently loaded. This will finally
                 * be loaded to a different address later, pointed to by
                 * ->sh_addr. kexec takes care of moving it
                 *  (kexec_load_segment()).
                 */
		location = (void *)(section->sh_offset + rel[i].r_offset);

		/* Final address of the location */
		address = section->sh_addr + rel[i].r_offset;

		/*
                 * rel[i].r_info contains information about symbol table index
                 * w.r.t which relocation must be made and type of relocation
                 * to apply. ELF64_R_SYM() and ELF64_R_TYPE() macros get
                 * these respectively.
                 */
		sym = (Elf64_Sym *)symtabsec->sh_offset +
				ELF64_R_SYM(rel[i].r_info);

		if (sym->st_name)
			name = strtab + sym->st_name;
		else
			name = shstrtab + sechdrs[sym->st_shndx].sh_name;

		pr_debug("Symbol: %s info: %02x shndx: %02x value=%llx size: %llx\n",
			 name, sym->st_info, sym->st_shndx, sym->st_value,
			 sym->st_size);

		if (sym->st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF) {
			pr_err("Undefined symbol: %s\n", name);
			return -ENOEXEC;
		}

		if (sym->st_shndx == SHN_COMMON) {
			pr_err("symbol '%s' in common section\n", name);
			return -ENOEXEC;
		}

		if (sym->st_shndx == SHN_ABS)
			sec_base = 0;
		else if (sym->st_shndx >= ehdr->e_shnum) {
			pr_err("Invalid section %d for symbol %s\n",
			       sym->st_shndx, name);
			return -ENOEXEC;
		} else
			sec_base = sechdrs[sym->st_shndx].sh_addr;

		value = sym->st_value;
		value += sec_base;
		value += rel[i].r_addend;

		switch (ELF64_R_TYPE(rel[i].r_info)) {
		case R_X86_64_NONE:
			break;
		case R_X86_64_64:
			*(u64 *)location = value;
			break;
		case R_X86_64_32:
			*(u32 *)location = value;
			if (value != *(u32 *)location)
				goto overflow;
			break;
		case R_X86_64_32S:
			*(s32 *)location = value;
			if ((s64)value != *(s32 *)location)
				goto overflow;
			break;
		case R_X86_64_PC32:
			value -= (u64)address;
			*(u32 *)location = value;
			break;
		default:
			pr_err("Unknown rela relocation: %llu\n",
			       ELF64_R_TYPE(rel[i].r_info));
			return -ENOEXEC;
		}
	}
	return 0;

overflow:
	pr_err("Overflow in relocation type %d value 0x%lx\n",
	       (int)ELF64_R_TYPE(rel[i].r_info), value);
	return -ENOEXEC;
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
576
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
576
100.00%
1
100.00%

#endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */


static int

kexec_mark_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, bool protect)
{
	struct page *page;
	unsigned int nr_pages;

	/*
         * For physical range: [start, end]. We must skip the unassigned
         * crashk resource with zero-valued "end" member.
         */
	if (!end || start > end)
		return 0;

	page = pfn_to_page(start >> PAGE_SHIFT);
	nr_pages = (end >> PAGE_SHIFT) - (start >> PAGE_SHIFT) + 1;
	if (protect)
		return set_pages_ro(page, nr_pages);
	else
		return set_pages_rw(page, nr_pages);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Xunlei Pang
85
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
85
100.00%
1
100.00%



static void kexec_mark_crashkres(bool protect)
{
	unsigned long control;

	kexec_mark_range(crashk_low_res.start, crashk_low_res.end, protect);

	/* Don't touch the control code page used in crash_kexec().*/
	control = PFN_PHYS(page_to_pfn(kexec_crash_image->control_code_page));
	/* Control code page is located in the 2nd page. */
	kexec_mark_range(crashk_res.start, control + PAGE_SIZE - 1, protect);
	control += KEXEC_CONTROL_PAGE_SIZE;
	kexec_mark_range(control, crashk_res.end, protect);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Xunlei Pang
70
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
70
100.00%
1
100.00%



void arch_kexec_protect_crashkres(void)
{
	kexec_mark_crashkres(true);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Xunlei Pang
12
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
12
100.00%
1
100.00%



void arch_kexec_unprotect_crashkres(void)
{
	kexec_mark_crashkres(false);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Xunlei Pang
12
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
12
100.00%
1
100.00%



int arch_kexec_post_alloc_pages(void *vaddr, unsigned int pages, gfp_t gfp)
{
	/*
         * If SME is active we need to be sure that kexec pages are
         * not encrypted because when we boot to the new kernel the
         * pages won't be accessed encrypted (initially).
         */
	return set_memory_decrypted((unsigned long)vaddr, pages);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Tom Lendacky
29
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
29
100.00%
1
100.00%



void arch_kexec_pre_free_pages(void *vaddr, unsigned int pages)
{
	/*
         * If SME is active we need to reset the pages back to being
         * an encrypted mapping before freeing them.
         */
	set_memory_encrypted((unsigned long)vaddr, pages);
}
Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Tom Lendacky
25
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
25
100.00%
1
100.00%

Overall Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Vivek Goyal
1064
43.02%
6
13.95%
Huang Ying
472
19.09%
5
11.63%
Eric W. Biedermann
265
10.72%
3
6.98%
Yinghai Lu
201
8.13%
3
6.98%
Xunlei Pang
195
7.89%
4
9.30%
Kirill A. Shutemov
84
3.40%
2
4.65%
Tom Lendacky
63
2.55%
2
4.65%
Magnus Damm
51
2.06%
1
2.33%
Ken'ichi Ohmichi
35
1.42%
4
9.30%
Eugene Surovegin
6
0.24%
1
2.33%
Baoquan He
6
0.24%
1
2.33%
Jiri Kosina
5
0.20%
1
2.33%
Ingo Molnar
5
0.20%
1
2.33%
Jiang Liu
3
0.12%
1
2.33%
Tejun Heo
3
0.12%
1
2.33%
Thomas Gleixner
3
0.12%
1
2.33%
Laura Abbott
3
0.12%
1
2.33%
Stephen Rothwell
3
0.12%
1
2.33%
K.Prasad
3
0.12%
1
2.33%
Dave Jones
1
0.04%
1
2.33%
Linus Torvalds
1
0.04%
1
2.33%
Michael Matz
1
0.04%
1
2.33%
Total
2473
100.00%
43
100.00%
Directory: arch/x86/kernel

Information contained on this website is for historical information purposes only and does not indicate or represent copyright ownership.