Release 4.15 kernel/ptrace.c

/*
 * linux/kernel/ptrace.c
 *
 * (C) Copyright 1999 Linus Torvalds
 *
 * Common interfaces for "ptrace()" which we do not want
 * to continually duplicate across every architecture.
 */

#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched/coredump.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/uio.h>
#include <linux/audit.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/regset.h>
#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
#include <linux/cn_proc.h>
#include <linux/compat.h>

/*
 * Access another process' address space via ptrace.
 * Source/target buffer must be kernel space,
 * Do not walk the page table directly, use get_user_pages
 */


int ptrace_access_vm(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr,
		     void *buf, int len, unsigned int gup_flags)
{
	struct mm_struct *mm;
	int ret;

	mm = get_task_mm(tsk);
	if (!mm)
		return 0;

	if (!tsk->ptrace ||
	    (current != tsk->parent) ||
	    ((get_dumpable(mm) != SUID_DUMP_USER) &&
	     !ptracer_capable(tsk, mm->user_ns))) {
		mmput(mm);
		return 0;
	}

	ret = __access_remote_vm(tsk, mm, addr, buf, len, gup_flags);
	mmput(mm);

	return ret;
}


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void __ptrace_link(struct task_struct *child, struct task_struct *new_parent,
		   const struct cred *ptracer_cred)
{
	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&child->ptrace_entry));
	list_add(&child->ptrace_entry, &new_parent->ptraced);
	child->parent = new_parent;
	child->ptracer_cred = get_cred(ptracer_cred);
}

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4
6.56%
1
16.67%
Eric Sesterhenn / Snakebyte
3
4.92%
1
16.67%
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61
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6
100.00%

/*
 * ptrace a task: make the debugger its new parent and
 * move it to the ptrace list.
 *
 * Must be called with the tasklist lock write-held.
 */


static void ptrace_link(struct task_struct *child, struct task_struct *new_parent)
{
	rcu_read_lock();
	__ptrace_link(child, new_parent, __task_cred(new_parent));
	rcu_read_unlock();
}

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34
100.00%
3
100.00%

/**
 * __ptrace_unlink - unlink ptracee and restore its execution state
 * @child: ptracee to be unlinked
 *
 * Remove @child from the ptrace list, move it back to the original parent,
 * and restore the execution state so that it conforms to the group stop
 * state.
 *
 * Unlinking can happen via two paths - explicit PTRACE_DETACH or ptracer
 * exiting.  For PTRACE_DETACH, unless the ptracee has been killed between
 * ptrace_check_attach() and here, it's guaranteed to be in TASK_TRACED.
 * If the ptracer is exiting, the ptracee can be in any state.
 *
 * After detach, the ptracee should be in a state which conforms to the
 * group stop.  If the group is stopped or in the process of stopping, the
 * ptracee should be put into TASK_STOPPED; otherwise, it should be woken
 * up from TASK_TRACED.
 *
 * If the ptracee is in TASK_TRACED and needs to be moved to TASK_STOPPED,
 * it goes through TRACED -> RUNNING -> STOPPED transition which is similar
 * to but in the opposite direction of what happens while attaching to a
 * stopped task.  However, in this direction, the intermediate RUNNING
 * state is not hidden even from the current ptracer and if it immediately
 * re-attaches and performs a WNOHANG wait(2), it may fail.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * write_lock_irq(tasklist_lock)
 */


void __ptrace_unlink(struct task_struct *child)
{
	const struct cred *old_cred;
	BUG_ON(!child->ptrace);

	clear_tsk_thread_flag(child, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);

	child->parent = child->real_parent;
	list_del_init(&child->ptrace_entry);
	old_cred = child->ptracer_cred;
	child->ptracer_cred = NULL;
	put_cred(old_cred);

	spin_lock(&child->sighand->siglock);
	child->ptrace = 0;
	/*
         * Clear all pending traps and TRAPPING.  TRAPPING should be
         * cleared regardless of JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING.  Do it explicitly.
         */
	task_clear_jobctl_pending(child, JOBCTL_TRAP_MASK);
	task_clear_jobctl_trapping(child);

	/*
         * Reinstate JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING if group stop is in effect and
         * @child isn't dead.
         */
	if (!(child->flags & PF_EXITING) &&
	    (child->signal->flags & SIGNAL_STOP_STOPPED ||
	     child->signal->group_stop_count)) {
		child->jobctl |= JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING;

		/*
                 * This is only possible if this thread was cloned by the
                 * traced task running in the stopped group, set the signal
                 * for the future reports.
                 * FIXME: we should change ptrace_init_task() to handle this
                 * case.
                 */
		if (!(child->jobctl & JOBCTL_STOP_SIGMASK))
			child->jobctl |= SIGSTOP;
	}

	/*
         * If transition to TASK_STOPPED is pending or in TASK_TRACED, kick
         * @child in the butt.  Note that @resume should be used iff @child
         * is in TASK_TRACED; otherwise, we might unduly disrupt
         * TASK_KILLABLE sleeps.
         */
	if (child->jobctl & JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING || task_is_traced(child))
		ptrace_signal_wake_up(child, true);

	spin_unlock(&child->sighand->siglock);
}

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24.72%
5
26.32%
Oleg Nesterov
32
17.98%
4
21.05%
Eric W. Biedermann
23
12.92%
1
5.26%
Ingo Molnar
13
7.30%
2
10.53%
Ales Novak
7
3.93%
1
5.26%
Matthew Wilcox
3
1.69%
1
5.26%
Total
178
100.00%
19
100.00%

/* Ensure that nothing can wake it up, even SIGKILL */


static bool ptrace_freeze_traced(struct task_struct *task)
{
	bool ret = false;

	/* Lockless, nobody but us can set this flag */
	if (task->jobctl & JOBCTL_LISTENING)
		return ret;

	spin_lock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
	if (task_is_traced(task) && !__fatal_signal_pending(task)) {
		task->state = __TASK_TRACED;
		ret = true;
	}
	spin_unlock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);

	return ret;
}

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static void ptrace_unfreeze_traced(struct task_struct *task)
{
	if (task->state != __TASK_TRACED)
		return;

	WARN_ON(!task->ptrace || task->parent != current);

	/*
         * PTRACE_LISTEN can allow ptrace_trap_notify to wake us up remotely.
         * Recheck state under the lock to close this race.
         */
	spin_lock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
	if (task->state == __TASK_TRACED) {
		if (__fatal_signal_pending(task))
			wake_up_state(task, __TASK_TRACED);
		else
			task->state = TASK_TRACED;
	}
	spin_unlock_irq(&task->sighand->siglock);
}

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75
87.21%
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50.00%
Ben Segall
11
12.79%
1
50.00%
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86
100.00%
2
100.00%

/**
 * ptrace_check_attach - check whether ptracee is ready for ptrace operation
 * @child: ptracee to check for
 * @ignore_state: don't check whether @child is currently %TASK_TRACED
 *
 * Check whether @child is being ptraced by %current and ready for further
 * ptrace operations.  If @ignore_state is %false, @child also should be in
 * %TASK_TRACED state and on return the child is guaranteed to be traced
 * and not executing.  If @ignore_state is %true, @child can be in any
 * state.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Grabs and releases tasklist_lock and @child->sighand->siglock.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * 0 on success, -ESRCH if %child is not ready.
 */


static int ptrace_check_attach(struct task_struct *child, bool ignore_state)
{
	int ret = -ESRCH;

	/*
         * We take the read lock around doing both checks to close a
         * possible race where someone else was tracing our child and
         * detached between these two checks.  After this locked check,
         * we are sure that this is our traced child and that can only
         * be changed by us so it's not changing right after this.
         */
	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
	if (child->ptrace && child->parent == current) {
		WARN_ON(child->state == __TASK_TRACED);
		/*
                 * child->sighand can't be NULL, release_task()
                 * does ptrace_unlink() before __exit_signal().
                 */
		if (ignore_state || ptrace_freeze_traced(child))
			ret = 0;
	}
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);

	if (!ret && !ignore_state) {
		if (!wait_task_inactive(child, __TASK_TRACED)) {
			/*
                         * This can only happen if may_ptrace_stop() fails and
                         * ptrace_stop() changes ->state back to TASK_RUNNING,
                         * so we should not worry about leaking __TASK_TRACED.
                         */
			WARN_ON(child->state == __TASK_TRACED);
			ret = -ESRCH;
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

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Roland McGrath
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Linus Torvalds
31
28.18%
2
16.67%
Oleg Nesterov
30
27.27%
3
25.00%
Tejun Heo
5
4.55%
2
16.67%
Matthew Wilcox
2
1.82%
1
8.33%
David Howells
1
0.91%
1
8.33%
Total
110
100.00%
12
100.00%



static int ptrace_has_cap(struct user_namespace *ns, unsigned int mode)
{
	if (mode & PTRACE_MODE_NOAUDIT)
		return has_ns_capability_noaudit(current, ns, CAP_SYS_PTRACE);
	else
		return has_ns_capability(current, ns, CAP_SYS_PTRACE);
}

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1
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/* Returns 0 on success, -errno on denial. */


static int __ptrace_may_access(struct task_struct *task, unsigned int mode)
{
	const struct cred *cred = current_cred(), *tcred;
	struct mm_struct *mm;
	kuid_t caller_uid;
	kgid_t caller_gid;

	if (!(mode & PTRACE_MODE_FSCREDS) == !(mode & PTRACE_MODE_REALCREDS)) {
		WARN(1, "denying ptrace access check without PTRACE_MODE_*CREDS\n");
		return -EPERM;
	}

	/* May we inspect the given task?
         * This check is used both for attaching with ptrace
         * and for allowing access to sensitive information in /proc.
         *
         * ptrace_attach denies several cases that /proc allows
         * because setting up the necessary parent/child relationship
         * or halting the specified task is impossible.
         */

	/* Don't let security modules deny introspection */
	if (same_thread_group(task, current))
		return 0;
	rcu_read_lock();
	if (mode & PTRACE_MODE_FSCREDS) {
		caller_uid = cred->fsuid;
		caller_gid = cred->fsgid;
	} else {
		/*
                 * Using the euid would make more sense here, but something
                 * in userland might rely on the old behavior, and this
                 * shouldn't be a security problem since
                 * PTRACE_MODE_REALCREDS implies that the caller explicitly
                 * used a syscall that requests access to another process
                 * (and not a filesystem syscall to procfs).
                 */
		caller_uid = cred->uid;
		caller_gid = cred->gid;
	}
	tcred = __task_cred(task);
	if (uid_eq(caller_uid, tcred->euid) &&
	    uid_eq(caller_uid, tcred->suid) &&
	    uid_eq(caller_uid, tcred->uid)  &&
	    gid_eq(caller_gid, tcred->egid) &&
	    gid_eq(caller_gid, tcred->sgid) &&
	    gid_eq(caller_gid, tcred->gid))
		goto ok;
	if (ptrace_has_cap(tcred->user_ns, mode))
		goto ok;
	rcu_read_unlock();
	return -EPERM;
ok:
	rcu_read_unlock();
	mm = task->mm;
	if (mm &&
	    ((get_dumpable(mm) != SUID_DUMP_USER) &&
	     !ptrace_has_cap(mm->user_ns, mode)))
	    return -EPERM;

	return security_ptrace_access_check(task, mode);
}

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Linus Torvalds
36
14.12%
1
5.88%
David Howells
34
13.33%
2
11.76%
Serge E. Hallyn
21
8.24%
1
5.88%
Miklos Szeredi
16
6.27%
1
5.88%
Stephen D. Smalley
7
2.75%
1
5.88%
Eric Paris
5
1.96%
2
11.76%
Mark A. Grondona
4
1.57%
1
5.88%
Kees Cook
2
0.78%
1
5.88%
Ingo Molnar
1
0.39%
1
5.88%
Tetsuo Handa
1
0.39%
1
5.88%
Total
255
100.00%
17
100.00%



bool ptrace_may_access(struct task_struct *task, unsigned int mode)
{
	int err;
	task_lock(task);
	err = __ptrace_may_access(task, mode);
	task_unlock(task);
	return !err;
}

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22.50%
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40
100.00%
2
100.00%



static int ptrace_attach(struct task_struct *task, long request,
			 unsigned long addr,
			 unsigned long flags)
{
	bool seize = (request == PTRACE_SEIZE);
	int retval;

	retval = -EIO;
	if (seize) {
		if (addr != 0)
			goto out;
		if (flags & ~(unsigned long)PTRACE_O_MASK)
			goto out;
		flags = PT_PTRACED | PT_SEIZED | (flags << PT_OPT_FLAG_SHIFT);
	} else {
		flags = PT_PTRACED;
	}

	audit_ptrace(task);

	retval = -EPERM;
	if (unlikely(task->flags & PF_KTHREAD))
		goto out;
	if (same_thread_group(task, current))
		goto out;

	/*
         * Protect exec's credential calculations against our interference;
         * SUID, SGID and LSM creds get determined differently
         * under ptrace.
         */
	retval = -ERESTARTNOINTR;
	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex))
		goto out;

	task_lock(task);
	retval = __ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_REALCREDS);
	task_unlock(task);
	if (retval)
		goto unlock_creds;

	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
	retval = -EPERM;
	if (unlikely(task->exit_state))
		goto unlock_tasklist;
	if (task->ptrace)
		goto unlock_tasklist;

	if (seize)
		flags |= PT_SEIZED;
	task->ptrace = flags;

	ptrace_link(task, current);

	/* SEIZE doesn't trap tracee on attach */
	if (!seize)
		send_sig_info(SIGSTOP, SEND_SIG_FORCED, task);

	spin_lock(&task->sighand->siglock);

	/*
         * If the task is already STOPPED, set JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP and
         * TRAPPING, and kick it so that it transits to TRACED.  TRAPPING
         * will be cleared if the child completes the transition or any
         * event which clears the group stop states happens.  We'll wait
         * for the transition to complete before returning from this
         * function.
         *
         * This hides STOPPED -> RUNNING -> TRACED transition from the
         * attaching thread but a different thread in the same group can
         * still observe the transient RUNNING state.  IOW, if another
         * thread's WNOHANG wait(2) on the stopped tracee races against
         * ATTACH, the wait(2) may fail due to the transient RUNNING.
         *
         * The following task_is_stopped() test is safe as both transitions
         * in and out of STOPPED are protected by siglock.
         */
	if (task_is_stopped(task) &&
	    task_set_jobctl_pending(task, JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP | JOBCTL_TRAPPING))
		signal_wake_up_state(task, __TASK_STOPPED);

	spin_unlock(&task->sighand->siglock);

	retval = 0;
unlock_tasklist:
	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
unlock_creds:
	mutex_unlock(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
out:
	if (!retval) {
		/*
                 * We do not bother to change retval or clear JOBCTL_TRAPPING
                 * if wait_on_bit() was interrupted by SIGKILL. The tracer will
                 * not return to user-mode, it will exit and clear this bit in
                 * __ptrace_unlink() if it wasn't already cleared by the tracee;
                 * and until then nobody can ptrace this task.
                 */
		wait_on_bit(&task->jobctl, JOBCTL_TRAPPING_BIT, TASK_KILLABLE);
		proc_ptrace_connector(task, PTRACE_ATTACH);
	}

	return retval;
}

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21.01%
7
20.59%
Denys Vlasenko
53
15.68%
2
5.88%
Linus Torvalds
44
13.02%
5
14.71%
Miklos Szeredi
22
6.51%
1
2.94%
David Howells
19
5.62%
2
5.88%
Vladimir Zapolskiy
9
2.66%
1
2.94%
Greg Kroah-Hartman
6
1.78%
2
5.88%
Eric W. Biedermann
6
1.78%
2
5.88%
Al Viro
5
1.48%
1
2.94%
Pavel Emelyanov
4
1.18%
1
2.94%
Motohiro Kosaki
4
1.18%
1
2.94%
Jann Horn
1
0.30%
1
2.94%
Ingo Molnar
1
0.30%
1
2.94%
Total
338
100.00%
34
100.00%

/**
 * ptrace_traceme  --  helper for PTRACE_TRACEME
 *
 * Performs checks and sets PT_PTRACED.
 * Should be used by all ptrace implementations for PTRACE_TRACEME.
 */


static int ptrace_traceme(void)
{
	int ret = -EPERM;

	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
	/* Are we already being traced? */
	if (!current->ptrace) {
		ret = security_ptrace_traceme(current->parent);
		/*
                 * Check PF_EXITING to ensure ->real_parent has not passed
                 * exit_ptrace(). Otherwise we don't report the error but
                 * pretend ->real_parent untraces us right after return.
                 */
		if (!ret && !(current->real_parent->flags & PF_EXITING)) {
			current->ptrace = PT_PTRACED;
			ptrace_link(current, current->real_parent);
		}
	}
	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);

	return ret;
}

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80
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Linus Torvalds
1
1.22%
1
25.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
1
1.22%
1
25.00%
Total
82
100.00%
4
100.00%

/*
 * Called with irqs disabled, returns true if childs should reap themselves.
 */


static int ignoring_children(struct sighand_struct *sigh)
{
	int ret;
	spin_lock(&sigh->siglock);
	ret = (sigh->action[SIGCHLD-1].sa.sa_handler == SIG_IGN) ||
	      (sigh->action[SIGCHLD-1].sa.sa_flags & SA_NOCLDWAIT);
	spin_unlock(&sigh->siglock);
	return ret;
}

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/*
 * Called with tasklist_lock held for writing.
 * Unlink a traced task, and clean it up if it was a traced zombie.
 * Return true if it needs to be reaped with release_task().
 * (We can't call release_task() here because we already hold tasklist_lock.)
 *
 * If it's a zombie, our attachedness prevented normal parent notification
 * or self-reaping.  Do notification now if it would have happened earlier.
 * If it should reap itself, return true.
 *
 * If it's our own child, there is no notification to do. But if our normal
 * children self-reap, then this child was prevented by ptrace and we must
 * reap it now, in that case we must also wake up sub-threads sleeping in
 * do_wait().
 */


static bool __ptrace_detach(struct task_struct *tracer, struct task_struct *p)
{
	bool dead;

	__ptrace_unlink(p);

	if (p->exit_state != EXIT_ZOMBIE)
		return false;

	dead = !thread_group_leader(p);

	if (!dead && thread_group_empty(p)) {
		if (!same_thread_group(p->real_parent, tracer))
			dead = do_notify_parent(p, p->exit_signal);
		else if (ignoring_children(tracer->sighand)) {
			__wake_up_parent(p, tracer);
			dead = true;
		}
	}
	/* Mark it as in the process of being reaped. */
	if (dead)
		p->exit_state = EXIT_DEAD;
	return dead;
}

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3
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static int ptrace_detach(struct task_struct *child, unsigned int data)
{
	if (!valid_signal(data))
		return -EIO;

	/* Architecture-specific hardware disable .. */
	ptrace_disable(child);

	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
	/*
         * We rely on ptrace_freeze_traced(). It can't be killed and
         * untraced by another thread, it can't be a zombie.
         */
	WARN_ON(!child->ptrace || child->exit_state);
	/*
         * tasklist_lock avoids the race with wait_task_stopped(), see
         * the comment in ptrace_resume().
         */
	child->exit_code = data;
	__ptrace_detach(current, child);
	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);

	proc_ptrace_connector(child, PTRACE_DETACH);

	return 0;
}

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Linus Torvalds
47
57.32%
2
25.00%
Oleg Nesterov
24
29.27%
4
50.00%
Vladimir Zapolskiy
7
8.54%
1
12.50%
Jesper Juhl
4
4.88%
1
12.50%
Total
82
100.00%
8
100.00%

/*
 * Detach all tasks we were using ptrace on. Called with tasklist held
 * for writing.
 */


void exit_ptrace(struct task_struct *tracer, struct list_head *dead)
{
	struct task_struct *p, *n;

	list_for_each_entry_safe(p, n, &tracer->ptraced, ptrace_entry) {
		if (unlikely(p->ptrace & PT_EXITKILL))
			send_sig_info(SIGKILL, SEND_SIG_FORCED, p);

		if (__ptrace_detach(tracer, p))
			list_add(&p->ptrace_entry, dead);
	}
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Oleg Nesterov
74
100.00%
3
100.00%
Total
74
100.00%
3
100.00%



int ptrace_readdata(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long src, char __user *dst, int len)
{
	int copied = 0;

	while (len > 0) {
		char buf[128];
		int this_len, retval;

		this_len = (len > sizeof(buf)) ? sizeof(buf) : len;
		retval = ptrace_access_vm(tsk, src, buf, this_len, FOLL_FORCE);

		if (!retval) {
			if (copied)
				break;
			return -EIO;
		}
		if (copy_to_user(dst, buf, retval))
			return -EFAULT;
		copied += retval;
		src += retval;
		dst += retval;
		len -= retval;
	}
	return copied;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)
126
97.67%
2
40.00%
Linus Torvalds
1
0.78%
1
20.00%
Lorenzo Stoakes
1
0.78%
1
20.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
1
0.78%
1
20.00%
Total
129
100.00%
5
100.00%



int ptrace_writedata(struct task_struct *tsk, char __user *src, unsigned long dst, int len)
{
	int copied = 0;

	while (len > 0) {
		char buf[128];
		int this_len, retval;

		this_len = (len > sizeof(buf)) ? sizeof(buf) : len;
		if (copy_from_user(buf, src, this_len))
			return -EFAULT;
		retval = ptrace_access_vm(tsk, dst, buf, this_len,
				FOLL_FORCE | FOLL_WRITE);
		if (!retval) {
			if (copied)
				break;
			return -EIO;
		}
		copied += retval;
		src += retval;
		dst += retval;
		len -= retval;
	}
	return copied;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)
126
96.18%
2
40.00%
Lorenzo Stoakes
3
2.29%
1
20.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
1
0.76%
1
20.00%
Linus Torvalds
1
0.76%
1
20.00%
Total
131
100.00%
5
100.00%



static int ptrace_setoptions(struct task_struct *child, unsigned long data)
{
	unsigned flags;

	if (data & ~(unsigned long)PTRACE_O_MASK)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (unlikely(data & PTRACE_O_SUSPEND_SECCOMP)) {
		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE) ||
		    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SECCOMP))
			return -EINVAL;

		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
			return -EPERM;

		if (seccomp_mode(&current->seccomp) != SECCOMP_MODE_DISABLED ||
		    current->ptrace & PT_SUSPEND_SECCOMP)
			return -EPERM;
	}

	/* Avoid intermediate state when all opts are cleared */
	flags = child->ptrace;
	flags &= ~(PTRACE_O_MASK << PT_OPT_FLAG_SHIFT);
	flags |= (data << PT_OPT_FLAG_SHIFT);
	child->ptrace = flags;

	return 0;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Tycho Andersen
61
47.29%
1
11.11%
Denys Vlasenko
35
27.13%
2
22.22%
Daniel Jacobowitz
30
23.26%
4
44.44%
Masahiro Yamada
2
1.55%
1
11.11%
Namhyung Kim
1
0.78%
1
11.11%
Total
129
100.00%
9
100.00%



static int ptrace_getsiginfo(struct task_struct *child, siginfo_t *info)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int error = -ESRCH;

	if (lock_task_sighand(child, &flags)) {
		error = -EINVAL;
		if (likely(child->last_siginfo != NULL)) {
			*info = *child->last_siginfo;
			error = 0;
		}
		unlock_task_sighand(child, &flags);
	}
	return error;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Prasanna Meda
41
52.56%
2
28.57%
Daniel Jacobowitz
17
21.79%
1
14.29%
Oleg Nesterov
12
15.38%
1
14.29%
Roland McGrath
6
7.69%
2
28.57%
Linus Torvalds
2
2.56%
1
14.29%
Total
78
100.00%
7
100.00%



static int ptrace_setsiginfo(struct task_struct *child, const siginfo_t *info)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int error = -ESRCH;

	if (lock_task_sighand(child, &flags)) {
		error = -EINVAL;
		if (likely(child->last_siginfo != NULL)) {
			*child->last_siginfo = *info;
			error = 0;
		}
		unlock_task_sighand(child, &flags);
	}
	return error;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Prasanna Meda
42
53.16%
2
33.33%
Daniel Jacobowitz
19
24.05%
1
16.67%
Oleg Nesterov
12
15.19%
1
16.67%
Roland McGrath
4
5.06%
1
16.67%
Linus Torvalds
2
2.53%
1
16.67%
Total
79
100.00%
6
100.00%



static int ptrace_peek_siginfo(struct task_struct *child,
				unsigned long addr,
				unsigned long data)
{
	struct ptrace_peeksiginfo_args arg;
	struct sigpending *pending;
	struct sigqueue *q;
	int ret, i;

	ret = copy_from_user(&arg, (void __user *) addr,
				sizeof(struct ptrace_peeksiginfo_args));
	if (ret)
		return -EFAULT;

	if (arg.flags & ~PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO_SHARED)
		return -EINVAL; /* unknown flags */

	if (arg.nr < 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (arg.flags & PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO_SHARED)
		pending = &child->signal->shared_pending;
	else
		pending = &child->pending;

	for (i = 0; i < arg.nr; ) {
		siginfo_t info;
		s32 off = arg.off + i;

		spin_lock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
		list_for_each_entry(q, &pending->list, list) {
			if (!off--) {
				copy_siginfo(&info, &q->info);
				break;
			}
		}
		spin_unlock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);

		if (off >= 0) /* beyond the end of the list */
			break;

#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
		if (unlikely(in_compat_syscall())) {
			compat_siginfo_t __user *uinfo = compat_ptr(data);

			if (copy_siginfo_to_user32(uinfo, &info)) {
				ret = -EFAULT;
				break;
			}

		} else
#endif
		{
			siginfo_t __user *uinfo = (siginfo_t __user *) data;

			if (copy_siginfo_to_user(uinfo, &info)) {
				ret = -EFAULT;
				break;
			}
		}

		data += sizeof(siginfo_t);
		i++;

		if (signal_pending(current))
			break;

		cond_resched();
	}

	if (i > 0)
		return i;

	return ret;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Andrey Vagin
298
95.51%
1
33.33%
Mathieu Desnoyers
13
4.17%
1
33.33%
Andrew Lutomirski
1
0.32%
1
33.33%
Total
312
100.00%
3
100.00%

#ifdef PTRACE_SINGLESTEP

#define is_singlestep(request)		((request) == PTRACE_SINGLESTEP)
#else

#define is_singlestep(request)		0
#endif

#ifdef PTRACE_SINGLEBLOCK

#define is_singleblock(request)		((request) == PTRACE_SINGLEBLOCK)
#else

#define is_singleblock(request)		0
#endif

#ifdef PTRACE_SYSEMU

#define is_sysemu_singlestep(request)	((request) == PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP)
#else

#define is_sysemu_singlestep(request)	0
#endif



static int ptrace_resume(struct task_struct *child, long request,
			 unsigned long data)
{
	bool need_siglock;

	if (!valid_signal(data))
		return -EIO;

	if (request == PTRACE_SYSCALL)
		set_tsk_thread_flag(child, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);
	else
		clear_tsk_thread_flag(child, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);

#ifdef TIF_SYSCALL_EMU
	if (request == PTRACE_SYSEMU || request == PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP)
		set_tsk_thread_flag(child, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
	else
		clear_tsk_thread_flag(child, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
#endif

	if (is_singleblock(request)) {
		if (unlikely(!arch_has_block_step()))
			return -EIO;
		user_enable_block_step(child);
	} else if (is_singlestep(request) || is_sysemu_singlestep(request)) {
		if (unlikely(!arch_has_single_step()))
			return -EIO;
		user_enable_single_step(child);
	} else {
		user_disable_single_step(child);
	}

	/*
         * Change ->exit_code and ->state under siglock to avoid the race
         * with wait_task_stopped() in between; a non-zero ->exit_code will
         * wrongly look like another report from tracee.
         *
         * Note that we need siglock even if ->exit_code == data and/or this
         * status was not reported yet, the new status must not be cleared by
         * wait_task_stopped() after resume.
         *
         * If data == 0 we do not care if wait_task_stopped() reports the old
         * status and clears the code too; this can't race with the tracee, it
         * takes siglock after resume.
         */
	need_siglock = data && !thread_group_empty(current);
	if (need_siglock)
		spin_lock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
	child->exit_code = data;
	wake_up_state(child, __TASK_TRACED);
	if (need_siglock)
		spin_unlock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);

	return 0;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Roland McGrath
161
77.78%
3
50.00%
Oleg Nesterov
45
21.74%
2
33.33%
Namhyung Kim
1
0.48%
1
16.67%
Total
207
100.00%
6
100.00%

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK


static const struct user_regset *

find_regset(const struct user_regset_view *view, unsigned int type)
{
	const struct user_regset *regset;
	int n;

	for (n = 0; n < view->n; ++n) {
		regset = view->regsets + n;
		if (regset->core_note_type == type)
			return regset;
	}

	return NULL;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Suresh B. Siddha
67
100.00%
1
100.00%
Total
67
100.00%
1
100.00%



static int ptrace_regset(struct task_struct *task, int req, unsigned int type,
			 struct iovec *kiov)
{
	const struct user_regset_view *view = task_user_regset_view(task);
	const struct user_regset *regset = find_regset(view, type);
	int regset_no;

	if (!regset || (kiov->iov_len % regset->size) != 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	regset_no = regset - view->regsets;
	kiov->iov_len = min(kiov->iov_len,
			    (__kernel_size_t) (regset->n * regset->size));

	if (req == PTRACE_GETREGSET)
		return copy_regset_to_user(task, view, regset_no, 0,
					   kiov->iov_len, kiov->iov_base);
	else
		return copy_regset_from_user(task, view, regset_no, 0,
					     kiov->iov_len, kiov->iov_base);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Suresh B. Siddha
150
100.00%
2
100.00%
Total
150
100.00%
2
100.00%

/*
 * This is declared in linux/regset.h and defined in machine-dependent
 * code.  We put the export here, near the primary machine-neutral use,
 * to ensure no machine forgets it.
 */

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(task_user_regset_view);
#endif



int ptrace_request(struct task_struct *child, long request,
		   unsigned long addr, unsigned long data)
{
	bool seized = child->ptrace & PT_SEIZED;
	int ret = -EIO;
	siginfo_t siginfo, *si;
	void __user *datavp = (void __user *) data;
	unsigned long __user *datalp = datavp;
	unsigned long flags;

	switch (request) {
	case PTRACE_PEEKTEXT:
	case PTRACE_PEEKDATA:
		return generic_ptrace_peekdata(child, addr, data);
	case PTRACE_POKETEXT:
	case PTRACE_POKEDATA:
		return generic_ptrace_pokedata(child, addr, data);

#ifdef PTRACE_OLDSETOPTIONS
	case PTRACE_OLDSETOPTIONS:
#endif
	case PTRACE_SETOPTIONS:
		ret = ptrace_setoptions(child, data);
		break;
	case PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG:
		ret = put_user(child->ptrace_message, datalp);
		break;

	case PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO:
		ret = ptrace_peek_siginfo(child, addr, data);
		break;

	case PTRACE_GETSIGINFO:
		ret = ptrace_getsiginfo(child, &siginfo);
		if (!ret)
			ret = copy_siginfo_to_user(datavp, &siginfo);
		break;

	case PTRACE_SETSIGINFO:
		if (copy_from_user(&siginfo, datavp, sizeof siginfo))
			ret = -EFAULT;
		else
			ret = ptrace_setsiginfo(child, &siginfo);
		break;

	case PTRACE_GETSIGMASK:
		if (addr != sizeof(sigset_t)) {
			ret = -EINVAL;
			break;
		}

		if (copy_to_user(datavp, &child->blocked, sizeof(sigset_t)))
			ret = -EFAULT;
		else
			ret = 0;

		break;

	case PTRACE_SETSIGMASK: {
		sigset_t new_set;

		if (addr != sizeof(sigset_t)) {
			ret = -EINVAL;
			break;
		}

		if (copy_from_user(&new_set, datavp, sizeof(sigset_t))) {
			ret = -EFAULT;
			break;
		}

		sigdelsetmask(&new_set, sigmask(SIGKILL)|sigmask(SIGSTOP));

		/*
                 * Every thread does recalc_sigpending() after resume, so
                 * retarget_shared_pending() and recalc_sigpending() are not
                 * called here.
                 */
		spin_lock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
		child->blocked = new_set;
		spin_unlock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);

		ret = 0;
		break;
	}

	case PTRACE_INTERRUPT:
		/*
                 * Stop tracee without any side-effect on signal or job
                 * control.  At least one trap is guaranteed to happen
                 * after this request.  If @child is already trapped, the
                 * current trap is not disturbed and another trap will
                 * happen after the current trap is ended with PTRACE_CONT.
                 *
                 * The actual trap might not be PTRACE_EVENT_STOP trap but
                 * the pending condition is cleared regardless.
                 */
		if (unlikely(!seized || !lock_task_sighand(child, &flags)))
			break;

		/*
                 * INTERRUPT doesn't disturb existing trap sans one
                 * exception.  If ptracer issued LISTEN for the current
                 * STOP, this INTERRUPT should clear LISTEN and re-trap
                 * tracee into STOP.
                 */
		if (likely(task_set_jobctl_pending(child, JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP)))
			ptrace_signal_wake_up(child, child->jobctl & JOBCTL_LISTENING);

		unlock_task_sighand(child, &flags);
		ret = 0;
		break;

	case PTRACE_LISTEN:
		/*
                 * Listen for events.  Tracee must be in STOP.  It's not
                 * resumed per-se but is not considered to be in TRACED by
                 * wait(2) or ptrace(2).  If an async event (e.g. group
                 * stop state change) happens, tracee will enter STOP trap
                 * again.  Alternatively, ptracer can issue INTERRUPT to
                 * finish listening and re-trap tracee into STOP.
                 */
		if (unlikely(!seized || !lock_task_sighand(child, &flags)))
			break;

		si = child->last_siginfo;
		if (likely(si && (si->si_code >> 8) == PTRACE_EVENT_STOP)) {
			child->jobctl |= JOBCTL_LISTENING;
			/*
                         * If NOTIFY is set, it means event happened between
                         * start of this trap and now.  Trigger re-trap.
                         */
			if (child->jobctl & JOBCTL_TRAP_NOTIFY)
				ptrace_signal_wake_up(child, true);
			ret = 0;
		}
		unlock_task_sighand(child, &flags);
		break;

	case PTRACE_DETACH:	 /* detach a process that was attached. */
		ret = ptrace_detach(child, data);
		break;

#ifdef CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF_FDPIC
	case PTRACE_GETFDPIC: {
		struct mm_struct *mm = get_task_mm(child);
		unsigned long tmp = 0;

		ret = -ESRCH;
		if (!mm)
			break;

		switch (addr) {
		case PTRACE_GETFDPIC_EXEC:
			tmp = mm->context.exec_fdpic_loadmap;
			break;
		case PTRACE_GETFDPIC_INTERP:
			tmp = mm->context.interp_fdpic_loadmap;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		mmput(mm);

		ret = put_user(tmp, datalp);
		break;
	}
#endif

#ifdef PTRACE_SINGLESTEP
	case PTRACE_SINGLESTEP:
#endif
#ifdef PTRACE_SINGLEBLOCK
	case PTRACE_SINGLEBLOCK:
#endif
#ifdef PTRACE_SYSEMU
	case PTRACE_SYSEMU:
	case PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP:
#endif
	case PTRACE_SYSCALL:
	case PTRACE_CONT:
		return ptrace_resume(child, request, data);

	case PTRACE_KILL:
		if (child->exit_state)	/* already dead */
			return 0;
		return ptrace_resume(child, request, SIGKILL);

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
	case PTRACE_GETREGSET:
	case PTRACE_SETREGSET: {
		struct iovec kiov;
		struct iovec __user *uiov = datavp;

		if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, uiov, sizeof(*uiov)))
			return -EFAULT;

		if (__get_user(kiov.iov_base, &uiov->iov_base) ||
		    __get_user(kiov.iov_len, &uiov->iov_len))
			return -EFAULT;

		ret = ptrace_regset(child, request, addr, &kiov);
		if (!ret)
			ret = __put_user(kiov.iov_len, &uiov->iov_len);
		break;
	}
#endif

	case PTRACE_SECCOMP_GET_FILTER:
		ret = seccomp_get_filter(child, addr, datavp);
		break;

	default:
		break;
	}

	return ret;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Andrey Vagin
159
20.00%
2
10.00%
Tejun Heo
143
17.99%
2
10.00%
Roland McGrath
141
17.74%
4
20.00%
Suresh B. Siddha
108
13.58%
1
5.00%
Daniel Jacobowitz
91
11.45%
3
15.00%
Mike Frysinger
57
7.17%
1
5.00%
Oleg Nesterov
40
5.03%
3
15.00%
Namhyung Kim
27
3.40%
2
10.00%
Tycho Andersen
15
1.89%
1
5.00%
Alexey Dobriyan
14
1.76%
1
5.00%
Total
795
100.00%
20
100.00%



static struct task_struct *ptrace_get_task_struct(pid_t pid)
{
	struct task_struct *child;

	rcu_read_lock();
	child = find_task_by_vpid(pid);
	if (child)
		get_task_struct(child);
	rcu_read_unlock();

	if (!child)
		return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
	return child;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Christoph Hellwig
47
88.68%
2
50.00%
Oleg Nesterov
5
9.43%
1
25.00%
Pavel Emelyanov
1
1.89%
1
25.00%
Total
53
100.00%
4
100.00%

#ifndef arch_ptrace_attach

#define arch_ptrace_attach(child)	do { } while (0)
#endif


SYSCALL_DEFINE4(ptrace, long, request, long, pid, unsigned long, addr,
		unsigned long, data)
{
	struct task_struct *child;
	long ret;

	if (request == PTRACE_TRACEME) {
		ret = ptrace_traceme();
		if (!ret)
			arch_ptrace_attach(current);
		goto out;
	}

	child = ptrace_get_task_struct(pid);
	if (IS_ERR(child)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(child);
		goto out;
	}

	if (request == PTRACE_ATTACH || request == PTRACE_SEIZE) {
		ret = ptrace_attach(child, request, addr, data);
		/*
                 * Some architectures need to do book-keeping after
                 * a ptrace attach.
                 */
		if (!ret)
			arch_ptrace_attach(child);
		goto out_put_task_struct;
	}

	ret = ptrace_check_attach(child, request == PTRACE_KILL ||
				  request == PTRACE_INTERRUPT);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out_put_task_struct;

	ret = arch_ptrace(child, request, addr, data);
	if (ret || request != PTRACE_DETACH)
		ptrace_unfreeze_traced(child);

 out_put_task_struct:
	put_task_struct(child);
 out:
	return ret;
}



int generic_ptrace_peekdata(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr,
			    unsigned long data)
{
	unsigned long tmp;
	int copied;

	copied = ptrace_access_vm(tsk, addr, &tmp, sizeof(tmp), FOLL_FORCE);
	if (copied != sizeof(tmp))
		return -EIO;
	return put_user(tmp, (unsigned long __user *)data);
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Alexey Dobriyan
67
94.37%
1
25.00%
Namhyung Kim
2
2.82%
1
25.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
1
1.41%
1
25.00%
Lorenzo Stoakes
1
1.41%
1
25.00%
Total
71
100.00%
4
100.00%



int generic_ptrace_pokedata(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr,
			    unsigned long data)
{
	int copied;

	copied = ptrace_access_vm(tsk, addr, &data, sizeof(data),
			FOLL_FORCE | FOLL_WRITE);
	return (copied == sizeof(data)) ? 0 : -EIO;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Alexey Dobriyan
51
89.47%
1
25.00%
Lorenzo Stoakes
3
5.26%
1
25.00%
Namhyung Kim
2
3.51%
1
25.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
1
1.75%
1
25.00%
Total
57
100.00%
4
100.00%

#if defined CONFIG_COMPAT



int compat_ptrace_request(struct task_struct *child, compat_long_t request,
			  compat_ulong_t addr, compat_ulong_t data)
{
	compat_ulong_t __user *datap = compat_ptr(data);
	compat_ulong_t word;
	siginfo_t siginfo;
	int ret;

	switch (request) {
	case PTRACE_PEEKTEXT:
	case PTRACE_PEEKDATA:
		ret = ptrace_access_vm(child, addr, &word, sizeof(word),
				FOLL_FORCE);
		if (ret != sizeof(word))
			ret = -EIO;
		else
			ret = put_user(word, datap);
		break;

	case PTRACE_POKETEXT:
	case PTRACE_POKEDATA:
		ret = ptrace_access_vm(child, addr, &data, sizeof(data),
				FOLL_FORCE | FOLL_WRITE);
		ret = (ret != sizeof(data) ? -EIO : 0);
		break;

	case PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG:
		ret = put_user((compat_ulong_t) child->ptrace_message, datap);
		break;

	case PTRACE_GETSIGINFO:
		ret = ptrace_getsiginfo(child, &siginfo);
		if (!ret)
			ret = copy_siginfo_to_user32(
				(struct compat_siginfo __user *) datap,
				&siginfo);
		break;

	case PTRACE_SETSIGINFO:
		memset(&siginfo, 0, sizeof siginfo);
		if (copy_siginfo_from_user32(
			    &siginfo, (struct compat_siginfo __user *) datap))
			ret = -EFAULT;
		else
			ret = ptrace_setsiginfo(child, &siginfo);
		break;
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
	case PTRACE_GETREGSET:
	case PTRACE_SETREGSET:
	{
		struct iovec kiov;
		struct compat_iovec __user *uiov =
			(struct compat_iovec __user *) datap;
		compat_uptr_t ptr;
		compat_size_t len;

		if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, uiov, sizeof(*uiov)))
			return -EFAULT;

		if (__get_user(ptr, &uiov->iov_base) ||
		    __get_user(len, &uiov->iov_len))
			return -EFAULT;

		kiov.iov_base = compat_ptr(ptr);
		kiov.iov_len = len;

		ret = ptrace_regset(child, request, addr, &kiov);
		if (!ret)
			ret = __put_user(kiov.iov_len, &uiov->iov_len);
		break;
	}
#endif

	default:
		ret = ptrace_request(child, request, addr, data);
	}

	return ret;
}

Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Roland McGrath
249
64.34%
2
40.00%
Suresh B. Siddha
132
34.11%
1
20.00%
Lorenzo Stoakes
4
1.03%
1
20.00%
Eric W. Biedermann
2
0.52%
1
20.00%
Total
387
100.00%
5
100.00%


COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE4(ptrace, compat_long_t, request, compat_long_t, pid,
		       compat_long_t, addr, compat_long_t, data)
{
	struct task_struct *child;
	long ret;

	if (request == PTRACE_TRACEME) {
		ret = ptrace_traceme();
		goto out;
	}

	child = ptrace_get_task_struct(pid);
	if (IS_ERR(child)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(child);
		goto out;
	}

	if (request == PTRACE_ATTACH || request == PTRACE_SEIZE) {
		ret = ptrace_attach(child, request, addr, data);
		/*
                 * Some architectures need to do book-keeping after
                 * a ptrace attach.
                 */
		if (!ret)
			arch_ptrace_attach(child);
		goto out_put_task_struct;
	}

	ret = ptrace_check_attach(child, request == PTRACE_KILL ||
				  request == PTRACE_INTERRUPT);
	if (!ret) {
		ret = compat_arch_ptrace(child, request, addr, data);
		if (ret || request != PTRACE_DETACH)
			ptrace_unfreeze_traced(child);
	}

 out_put_task_struct:
	put_task_struct(child);
 out:
	return ret;
}
#endif	/* CONFIG_COMPAT */
Overall Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
Roland McGrath
854
17.32%
16
10.53%
Oleg Nesterov
793
16.09%
29
19.08%
Suresh B. Siddha
465
9.43%
2
1.32%
Andrey Vagin
460
9.33%
2
1.32%
Tejun Heo
311
6.31%
12
7.89%
Linus Torvalds (pre-git)
267
5.42%
4
2.63%
Eric W. Biedermann
256
5.19%
7
4.61%
Christoph Hellwig
186
3.77%
5
3.29%
Linus Torvalds
165
3.35%
8
5.26%
Daniel Jacobowitz
157
3.18%
5
3.29%
Alexey Dobriyan
132
2.68%
3
1.97%
Denys Vlasenko
92
1.87%
3
1.97%
Prasanna Meda
83
1.68%
2
1.32%
Jann Horn
79
1.60%
1
0.66%
Tycho Andersen
76
1.54%
2
1.32%
Miklos Szeredi
69
1.40%
1
0.66%
Ingo Molnar
66
1.34%
6
3.95%
Mike Frysinger
57
1.16%
1
0.66%
David Howells
54
1.10%
5
3.29%
Eric Paris
47
0.95%
2
1.32%
Heiko Carstens
38
0.77%
2
1.32%
Namhyung Kim
35
0.71%
2
1.32%
Serge E. Hallyn
21
0.43%
1
0.66%
Vladimir Zapolskiy
19
0.39%
1
0.66%
Stephen D. Smalley
16
0.32%
1
0.66%
Mathieu Desnoyers
13
0.26%
1
0.66%
Lorenzo Stoakes
12
0.24%
1
0.66%
Ben Segall
11
0.22%
1
0.66%
Håvard Skinnemoen
10
0.20%
1
0.66%
Greg Kroah-Hartman
9
0.18%
3
1.97%
Al Viro
8
0.16%
1
0.66%
Pavel Emelyanov
8
0.16%
3
1.97%
Ales Novak
7
0.14%
1
0.66%
Jesper Juhl
7
0.14%
1
0.66%
Josh Stone
6
0.12%
1
0.66%
Matthew Wilcox
5
0.10%
1
0.66%
Mark A. Grondona
4
0.08%
1
0.66%
Motohiro Kosaki
4
0.08%
1
0.66%
Eric Sesterhenn / Snakebyte
3
0.06%
1
0.66%
Randy Dunlap
3
0.06%
1
0.66%
Andrew Morton
3
0.06%
1
0.66%
Kent Overstreet
3
0.06%
1
0.66%
Adrian Bunk
3
0.06%
1
0.66%
Frédéric Weisbecker
3
0.06%
1
0.66%
Masahiro Yamada
2
0.04%
1
0.66%
Kees Cook
2
0.04%
1
0.66%
Tetsuo Handa
2
0.04%
1
0.66%
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2
0.04%
1
0.66%
Paul Gortmaker
1
0.02%
1
0.66%
Andrew Lutomirski
1
0.02%
1
0.66%
Total
4930
100.00%
152
100.00%
Directory: kernel

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