cregit-Linux how code gets into the kernel

Release 4.7 arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c

Directory: arch/x86/kernel
/*
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
 *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
 */
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <linux/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>

#include <asm/stacktrace.h>



#define N_EXCEPTION_STACKS_END \
		(N_EXCEPTION_STACKS + DEBUG_STKSZ/EXCEPTION_STKSZ - 2)


static char x86_stack_ids[][8] = {
		[ DEBUG_STACK-1			]	= "#DB",
		[ NMI_STACK-1			]	= "NMI",
		[ DOUBLEFAULT_STACK-1		]	= "#DF",
		[ MCE_STACK-1			]	= "#MC",
#if DEBUG_STKSZ > EXCEPTION_STKSZ
		[ N_EXCEPTION_STACKS ...
		  N_EXCEPTION_STACKS_END	]	= "#DB[?]"
#endif
};


static unsigned long *in_exception_stack(unsigned cpu, unsigned long stack, unsigned *usedp, char **idp) { unsigned k; /* * Iterate over all exception stacks, and figure out whether * 'stack' is in one of them: */ for (k = 0; k < N_EXCEPTION_STACKS; k++) { unsigned long end = per_cpu(orig_ist, cpu).ist[k]; /* * Is 'stack' above this exception frame's end? * If yes then skip to the next frame. */ if (stack >= end) continue; /* * Is 'stack' above this exception frame's start address? * If yes then we found the right frame. */ if (stack >= end - EXCEPTION_STKSZ) { /* * Make sure we only iterate through an exception * stack once. If it comes up for the second time * then there's something wrong going on - just * break out and return NULL: */ if (*usedp & (1U << k)) break; *usedp |= 1U << k; *idp = x86_stack_ids[k]; return (unsigned long *)end; } /* * If this is a debug stack, and if it has a larger size than * the usual exception stacks, then 'stack' might still * be within the lower portion of the debug stack: */ #if DEBUG_STKSZ > EXCEPTION_STKSZ if (k == DEBUG_STACK - 1 && stack >= end - DEBUG_STKSZ) { unsigned j = N_EXCEPTION_STACKS - 1; /* * Black magic. A large debug stack is composed of * multiple exception stack entries, which we * iterate through now. Dont look: */ do { ++j; end -= EXCEPTION_STKSZ; x86_stack_ids[j][4] = '1' + (j - N_EXCEPTION_STACKS); } while (stack < end - EXCEPTION_STKSZ); if (*usedp & (1U << j)) break; *usedp |= 1U << j; *idp = x86_stack_ids[j]; return (unsigned long *)end; } #endif } return NULL; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
alexander van heukelumalexander van heukelum19388.13%150.00%
frederic weisbeckerfrederic weisbecker2611.87%150.00%
Total219100.00%2100.00%


static inline int in_irq_stack(unsigned long *stack, unsigned long *irq_stack, unsigned long *irq_stack_end) { return (stack >= irq_stack && stack < irq_stack_end); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
frederic weisbeckerfrederic weisbecker33100.00%1100.00%
Total33100.00%1100.00%

static const unsigned long irq_stack_size = (IRQ_STACK_SIZE - 64) / sizeof(unsigned long); enum stack_type { STACK_IS_UNKNOWN, STACK_IS_NORMAL, STACK_IS_EXCEPTION, STACK_IS_IRQ, };
static enum stack_type analyze_stack(int cpu, struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *stack, unsigned long **stack_end, unsigned long *irq_stack, unsigned *used, char **id) { unsigned long addr; addr = ((unsigned long)stack & (~(THREAD_SIZE - 1))); if ((unsigned long)task_stack_page(task) == addr) return STACK_IS_NORMAL; *stack_end = in_exception_stack(cpu, (unsigned long)stack, used, id); if (*stack_end) return STACK_IS_EXCEPTION; if (!irq_stack) return STACK_IS_NORMAL; *stack_end = irq_stack; irq_stack = irq_stack - irq_stack_size; if (in_irq_stack(stack, irq_stack, *stack_end)) return STACK_IS_IRQ; return STACK_IS_UNKNOWN; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
steven rostedtsteven rostedt142100.00%3100.00%
Total142100.00%3100.00%

/* * x86-64 can have up to three kernel stacks: * process stack * interrupt stack * severe exception (double fault, nmi, stack fault, debug, mce) hardware stack */
void dump_trace(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *stack, unsigned long bp, const struct stacktrace_ops *ops, void *data) { const unsigned cpu = get_cpu(); unsigned long *irq_stack = (unsigned long *)per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu); unsigned long dummy; unsigned used = 0; int graph = 0; int done = 0; if (!task) task = current; if (!stack) { if (regs) stack = (unsigned long *)regs->sp; else if (task != current) stack = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp; else stack = &dummy; } if (!bp) bp = stack_frame(task, regs); /* * Print function call entries in all stacks, starting at the * current stack address. If the stacks consist of nested * exceptions */ while (!done) { unsigned long *stack_end; enum stack_type stype; char *id; stype = analyze_stack(cpu, task, stack, &stack_end, irq_stack, &used, &id); /* Default finish unless specified to continue */ done = 1; switch (stype) { /* Break out early if we are on the thread stack */ case STACK_IS_NORMAL: break; case STACK_IS_EXCEPTION: if (ops->stack(data, id) < 0) break; bp = ops->walk_stack(task, stack, bp, ops, data, stack_end, &graph); ops->stack(data, "<EOE>"); /* * We link to the next stack via the * second-to-last pointer (index -2 to end) in the * exception stack: */ stack = (unsigned long *) stack_end[-2]; done = 0; break; case STACK_IS_IRQ: if (ops->stack(data, "IRQ") < 0) break; bp = ops->walk_stack(task, stack, bp, ops, data, stack_end, &graph); /* * We link to the next stack (which would be * the process stack normally) the last * pointer (index -1 to end) in the IRQ stack: */ stack = (unsigned long *) (stack_end[-1]); irq_stack = NULL; ops->stack(data, "EOI"); done = 0; break; case STACK_IS_UNKNOWN: ops->stack(data, "UNK"); break; } } /* * This handles the process stack: */ bp = ops->walk_stack(task, stack, bp, ops, data, NULL, &graph); put_cpu(); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
alexander van heukelumalexander van heukelum23560.88%19.09%
steven rostedtsteven rostedt10627.46%436.36%
frederic weisbeckerfrederic weisbecker287.25%327.27%
namhyung kimnamhyung kim92.33%19.09%
soeren sandmann pedersen*soeren sandmann pedersen*51.30%19.09%
linus torvaldslinus torvalds30.78%19.09%
Total386100.00%11100.00%

EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_trace);
void show_stack_log_lvl(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *sp, unsigned long bp, char *log_lvl) { unsigned long *irq_stack_end; unsigned long *irq_stack; unsigned long *stack; int cpu; int i; preempt_disable(); cpu = smp_processor_id(); irq_stack_end = (unsigned long *)(per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu)); irq_stack = (unsigned long *)(per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu) - IRQ_STACK_SIZE); /* * Debugging aid: "show_stack(NULL, NULL);" prints the * back trace for this cpu: */ if (sp == NULL) { if (task) sp = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp; else sp = (unsigned long *)&sp; } stack = sp; for (i = 0; i < kstack_depth_to_print; i++) { if (stack >= irq_stack && stack <= irq_stack_end) { if (stack == irq_stack_end) { stack = (unsigned long *) (irq_stack_end[-1]); pr_cont(" <EOI> "); } } else { if (kstack_end(stack)) break; } if ((i % STACKSLOTS_PER_LINE) == 0) { if (i != 0) pr_cont("\n"); printk("%s %016lx", log_lvl, *stack++); } else pr_cont(" %016lx", *stack++); touch_nmi_watchdog(); } preempt_enable(); pr_cont("\n"); show_trace_log_lvl(task, regs, sp, bp, log_lvl); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
alexander van heukelumalexander van heukelum19372.56%222.22%
ingo molnaringo molnar269.77%111.11%
adrien schildknechtadrien schildknecht238.65%222.22%
brian gerstbrian gerst134.89%111.11%
namhyung kimnamhyung kim62.26%111.11%
joe perchesjoe perches41.50%111.11%
jiri slabyjiri slaby10.38%111.11%
Total266100.00%9100.00%


void show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs) { int i; unsigned long sp; sp = regs->sp; show_regs_print_info(KERN_DEFAULT); __show_regs(regs, 1); /* * When in-kernel, we also print out the stack and code at the * time of the fault.. */ if (!user_mode(regs)) { unsigned int code_prologue = code_bytes * 43 / 64; unsigned int code_len = code_bytes; unsigned char c; u8 *ip; printk(KERN_DEFAULT "Stack:\n"); show_stack_log_lvl(NULL, regs, (unsigned long *)sp, 0, KERN_DEFAULT); printk(KERN_DEFAULT "Code: "); ip = (u8 *)regs->ip - code_prologue; if (ip < (u8 *)PAGE_OFFSET || probe_kernel_address(ip, c)) { /* try starting at IP */ ip = (u8 *)regs->ip; code_len = code_len - code_prologue + 1; } for (i = 0; i < code_len; i++, ip++) { if (ip < (u8 *)PAGE_OFFSET || probe_kernel_address(ip, c)) { pr_cont(" Bad RIP value."); break; } if (ip == (u8 *)regs->ip) pr_cont("<%02x> ", c); else pr_cont("%02x ", c); } } pr_cont("\n"); }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
alexander van heukelumalexander van heukelum20591.11%333.33%
neil hormanneil horman83.56%111.11%
joe perchesjoe perches41.78%111.11%
prarit bhargavaprarit bhargava31.33%111.11%
tejun heotejun heo20.89%111.11%
namhyung kimnamhyung kim20.89%111.11%
jan beulichjan beulich10.44%111.11%
Total225100.00%9100.00%


int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long ip) { unsigned short ud2; if (__copy_from_user(&ud2, (const void __user *) ip, sizeof(ud2))) return 0; return ud2 == 0x0b0f; }

Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
alexander van heukelumalexander van heukelum42100.00%1100.00%
Total42100.00%1100.00%


Overall Contributors

PersonTokensPropCommitsCommitProp
alexander van heukelumalexander van heukelum96166.37%311.11%
steven rostedtsteven rostedt27819.20%414.81%
frederic weisbeckerfrederic weisbecker886.08%518.52%
ingo molnaringo molnar352.42%27.41%
adrien schildknechtadrien schildknecht231.59%27.41%
namhyung kimnamhyung kim171.17%13.70%
brian gerstbrian gerst130.90%13.70%
joe perchesjoe perches80.55%13.70%
neil hormanneil horman80.55%13.70%
soeren sandmann pedersen*soeren sandmann pedersen*50.35%13.70%
linus torvaldslinus torvalds30.21%13.70%
prarit bhargavaprarit bhargava30.21%13.70%
tejun heotejun heo20.14%13.70%
andrew mortonandrew morton20.14%13.70%
jan beulichjan beulich10.07%13.70%
jiri slabyjiri slaby10.07%13.70%
Total1448100.00%27100.00%
Directory: arch/x86/kernel
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