Release 4.7 kernel/stop_machine.c

/*
 * kernel/stop_machine.c
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2005     IBM Corporation.
 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2005     Rusty Russell rusty@rustcorp.com.au
 * Copyright (C) 2010           SUSE Linux Products GmbH
 * Copyright (C) 2010           Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
 *
 * This file is released under the GPLv2 and any later version.
 */
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/stop_machine.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/smpboot.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/lglock.h>

/*
 * Structure to determine completion condition and record errors.  May
 * be shared by works on different cpus.
 */

struct cpu_stop_done {
	
atomic_t		nr_todo;	/* nr left to execute */
	
int			ret;		/* collected return value */
	
struct completion	completion;	/* fired if nr_todo reaches 0 */
};

/* the actual stopper, one per every possible cpu, enabled on online cpus */

struct cpu_stopper {
	
struct task_struct	*thread;

	
spinlock_t		lock;
	
bool			enabled;	/* is this stopper enabled? */
	
struct list_head	works;		/* list of pending works */

	
struct cpu_stop_work	stop_work;	/* for stop_cpus */
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_stopper, cpu_stopper);

static bool stop_machine_initialized = false;

/*
 * Avoids a race between stop_two_cpus and global stop_cpus, where
 * the stoppers could get queued up in reverse order, leading to
 * system deadlock. Using an lglock means stop_two_cpus remains
 * relatively cheap.
 */

DEFINE_STATIC_LGLOCK(stop_cpus_lock);



static void cpu_stop_init_done(struct cpu_stop_done *done, unsigned int nr_todo)
{
	memset(done, 0, sizeof(*done));
	atomic_set(&done->nr_todo, nr_todo);
	init_completion(&done->completion);
}

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/* signal completion unless @done is NULL */


static void cpu_stop_signal_done(struct cpu_stop_done *done)
{
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&done->nr_todo))
		complete(&done->completion);
}

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static void __cpu_stop_queue_work(struct cpu_stopper *stopper,
					struct cpu_stop_work *work)
{
	list_add_tail(&work->list, &stopper->works);
	wake_up_process(stopper->thread);
}

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/* queue @work to @stopper.  if offline, @work is completed immediately */


static bool cpu_stop_queue_work(unsigned int cpu, struct cpu_stop_work *work)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
	unsigned long flags;
	bool enabled;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&stopper->lock, flags);
	enabled = stopper->enabled;
	if (enabled)
		__cpu_stop_queue_work(stopper, work);
	else if (work->done)
		cpu_stop_signal_done(work->done);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&stopper->lock, flags);

	return enabled;
}

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/**
 * stop_one_cpu - stop a cpu
 * @cpu: cpu to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Execute @fn(@arg) on @cpu.  @fn is run in a process context with
 * the highest priority preempting any task on the cpu and
 * monopolizing it.  This function returns after the execution is
 * complete.
 *
 * This function doesn't guarantee @cpu stays online till @fn
 * completes.  If @cpu goes down in the middle, execution may happen
 * partially or fully on different cpus.  @fn should either be ready
 * for that or the caller should ensure that @cpu stays online until
 * this function completes.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Might sleep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * -ENOENT if @fn(@arg) was not executed because @cpu was offline;
 * otherwise, the return value of @fn.
 */


int stop_one_cpu(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
	struct cpu_stop_done done;
	struct cpu_stop_work work = { .fn = fn, .arg = arg, .done = &done };

	cpu_stop_init_done(&done, 1);
	if (!cpu_stop_queue_work(cpu, &work))
		return -ENOENT;
	wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
	return done.ret;
}

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/* This controls the threads on each CPU. */

enum multi_stop_state {
	/* Dummy starting state for thread. */
	
MULTI_STOP_NONE,
	/* Awaiting everyone to be scheduled. */
	
MULTI_STOP_PREPARE,
	/* Disable interrupts. */
	
MULTI_STOP_DISABLE_IRQ,
	/* Run the function */
	
MULTI_STOP_RUN,
	/* Exit */
	
MULTI_STOP_EXIT,
};


struct multi_stop_data {
	
cpu_stop_fn_t		fn;
	
void			*data;
	/* Like num_online_cpus(), but hotplug cpu uses us, so we need this. */
	
unsigned int		num_threads;
	
const struct cpumask	*active_cpus;

	
enum multi_stop_state	state;
	
atomic_t		thread_ack;
};



static void set_state(struct multi_stop_data *msdata,
		      enum multi_stop_state newstate)
{
	/* Reset ack counter. */
	atomic_set(&msdata->thread_ack, msdata->num_threads);
	smp_wmb();
	msdata->state = newstate;
}

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/* Last one to ack a state moves to the next state. */


static void ack_state(struct multi_stop_data *msdata)
{
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&msdata->thread_ack))
		set_state(msdata, msdata->state + 1);
}

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/* This is the cpu_stop function which stops the CPU. */


static int multi_cpu_stop(void *data)
{
	struct multi_stop_data *msdata = data;
	enum multi_stop_state curstate = MULTI_STOP_NONE;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id(), err = 0;
	unsigned long flags;
	bool is_active;

	/*
         * When called from stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu(), irq might
         * already be disabled.  Save the state and restore it on exit.
         */
	local_save_flags(flags);

	if (!msdata->active_cpus)
		is_active = cpu == cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask);
	else
		is_active = cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, msdata->active_cpus);

	/* Simple state machine */
	do {
		/* Chill out and ensure we re-read multi_stop_state. */
		cpu_relax();
		if (msdata->state != curstate) {
			curstate = msdata->state;
			switch (curstate) {
			case MULTI_STOP_DISABLE_IRQ:
				local_irq_disable();
				hard_irq_disable();
				break;
			case MULTI_STOP_RUN:
				if (is_active)
					err = msdata->fn(msdata->data);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			ack_state(msdata);
		}
	} while (curstate != MULTI_STOP_EXIT);

	local_irq_restore(flags);
	return err;
}

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static int cpu_stop_queue_two_works(int cpu1, struct cpu_stop_work *work1,
				    int cpu2, struct cpu_stop_work *work2)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper1 = per_cpu_ptr(&cpu_stopper, cpu1);
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper2 = per_cpu_ptr(&cpu_stopper, cpu2);
	int err;

	lg_double_lock(&stop_cpus_lock, cpu1, cpu2);
	spin_lock_irq(&stopper1->lock);
	spin_lock_nested(&stopper2->lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);

	err = -ENOENT;
	if (!stopper1->enabled || !stopper2->enabled)
		goto unlock;

	err = 0;
	__cpu_stop_queue_work(stopper1, work1);
	__cpu_stop_queue_work(stopper2, work2);
unlock:
	spin_unlock(&stopper2->lock);
	spin_unlock_irq(&stopper1->lock);
	lg_double_unlock(&stop_cpus_lock, cpu1, cpu2);

	return err;
}
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/**
 * stop_two_cpus - stops two cpus
 * @cpu1: the cpu to stop
 * @cpu2: the other cpu to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Stops both the current and specified CPU and runs @fn on one of them.
 *
 * returns when both are completed.
 */


int stop_two_cpus(unsigned int cpu1, unsigned int cpu2, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
	struct cpu_stop_done done;
	struct cpu_stop_work work1, work2;
	struct multi_stop_data msdata;

	msdata = (struct multi_stop_data){
		.fn = fn,
		.data = arg,
		.num_threads = 2,
		.active_cpus = cpumask_of(cpu1),
        };

	work1 = work2 = (struct cpu_stop_work){
		.fn = multi_cpu_stop,
		.arg = &msdata,
		.done = &done
	};

	cpu_stop_init_done(&done, 2);
	set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);

	if (cpu1 > cpu2)
		swap(cpu1, cpu2);
	if (cpu_stop_queue_two_works(cpu1, &work1, cpu2, &work2))
		return -ENOENT;

	wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
	return done.ret;
}

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/**
 * stop_one_cpu_nowait - stop a cpu but don't wait for completion
 * @cpu: cpu to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 * @work_buf: pointer to cpu_stop_work structure
 *
 * Similar to stop_one_cpu() but doesn't wait for completion.  The
 * caller is responsible for ensuring @work_buf is currently unused
 * and will remain untouched until stopper starts executing @fn.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Don't care.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * true if cpu_stop_work was queued successfully and @fn will be called,
 * false otherwise.
 */


bool stop_one_cpu_nowait(unsigned int cpu, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg,
			struct cpu_stop_work *work_buf)
{
	*work_buf = (struct cpu_stop_work){ .fn = fn, .arg = arg, };
	return cpu_stop_queue_work(cpu, work_buf);
}

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/* static data for stop_cpus */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(stop_cpus_mutex);



static bool queue_stop_cpus_work(const struct cpumask *cpumask,
				 cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg,
				 struct cpu_stop_done *done)
{
	struct cpu_stop_work *work;
	unsigned int cpu;
	bool queued = false;

	/*
         * Disable preemption while queueing to avoid getting
         * preempted by a stopper which might wait for other stoppers
         * to enter @fn which can lead to deadlock.
         */
	lg_global_lock(&stop_cpus_lock);
	for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask) {
		work = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper.stop_work, cpu);
		work->fn = fn;
		work->arg = arg;
		work->done = done;
		if (cpu_stop_queue_work(cpu, work))
			queued = true;
	}
	lg_global_unlock(&stop_cpus_lock);

	return queued;
}

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static int __stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask,
		       cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
	struct cpu_stop_done done;

	cpu_stop_init_done(&done, cpumask_weight(cpumask));
	if (!queue_stop_cpus_work(cpumask, fn, arg, &done))
		return -ENOENT;
	wait_for_completion(&done.completion);
	return done.ret;
}

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/**
 * stop_cpus - stop multiple cpus
 * @cpumask: cpus to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Execute @fn(@arg) on online cpus in @cpumask.  On each target cpu,
 * @fn is run in a process context with the highest priority
 * preempting any task on the cpu and monopolizing it.  This function
 * returns after all executions are complete.
 *
 * This function doesn't guarantee the cpus in @cpumask stay online
 * till @fn completes.  If some cpus go down in the middle, execution
 * on the cpu may happen partially or fully on different cpus.  @fn
 * should either be ready for that or the caller should ensure that
 * the cpus stay online until this function completes.
 *
 * All stop_cpus() calls are serialized making it safe for @fn to wait
 * for all cpus to start executing it.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Might sleep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * -ENOENT if @fn(@arg) was not executed at all because all cpus in
 * @cpumask were offline; otherwise, 0 if all executions of @fn
 * returned 0, any non zero return value if any returned non zero.
 */


int stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
	int ret;

	/* static works are used, process one request at a time */
	mutex_lock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
	ret = __stop_cpus(cpumask, fn, arg);
	mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
	return ret;
}

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/**
 * try_stop_cpus - try to stop multiple cpus
 * @cpumask: cpus to stop
 * @fn: function to execute
 * @arg: argument to @fn
 *
 * Identical to stop_cpus() except that it fails with -EAGAIN if
 * someone else is already using the facility.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Might sleep.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * -EAGAIN if someone else is already stopping cpus, -ENOENT if
 * @fn(@arg) was not executed at all because all cpus in @cpumask were
 * offline; otherwise, 0 if all executions of @fn returned 0, any non
 * zero return value if any returned non zero.
 */


int try_stop_cpus(const struct cpumask *cpumask, cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *arg)
{
	int ret;

	/* static works are used, process one request at a time */
	if (!mutex_trylock(&stop_cpus_mutex))
		return -EAGAIN;
	ret = __stop_cpus(cpumask, fn, arg);
	mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
	return ret;
}

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static int cpu_stop_should_run(unsigned int cpu)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
	unsigned long flags;
	int run;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&stopper->lock, flags);
	run = !list_empty(&stopper->works);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&stopper->lock, flags);
	return run;
}

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static void cpu_stopper_thread(unsigned int cpu)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
	struct cpu_stop_work *work;

repeat:
	work = NULL;
	spin_lock_irq(&stopper->lock);
	if (!list_empty(&stopper->works)) {
		work = list_first_entry(&stopper->works,
					struct cpu_stop_work, list);
		list_del_init(&work->list);
	}
	spin_unlock_irq(&stopper->lock);

	if (work) {
		cpu_stop_fn_t fn = work->fn;
		void *arg = work->arg;
		struct cpu_stop_done *done = work->done;
		int ret;

		/* cpu stop callbacks must not sleep, make in_atomic() == T */
		preempt_count_inc();
		ret = fn(arg);
		if (done) {
			if (ret)
				done->ret = ret;
			cpu_stop_signal_done(done);
		}
		preempt_count_dec();
		WARN_ONCE(preempt_count(),
			  "cpu_stop: %pf(%p) leaked preempt count\n", fn, arg);
		goto repeat;
	}
}

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void stop_machine_park(int cpu)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);
	/*
         * Lockless. cpu_stopper_thread() will take stopper->lock and flush
         * the pending works before it parks, until then it is fine to queue
         * the new works.
         */
	stopper->enabled = false;
	kthread_park(stopper->thread);
}

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extern void sched_set_stop_task(int cpu, struct task_struct *stop);



static void cpu_stop_create(unsigned int cpu)
{
	sched_set_stop_task(cpu, per_cpu(cpu_stopper.thread, cpu));
}

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static void cpu_stop_park(unsigned int cpu)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);

	WARN_ON(!list_empty(&stopper->works));
}

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void stop_machine_unpark(int cpu)
{
	struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);

	stopper->enabled = true;
	kthread_unpark(stopper->thread);
}

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static struct smp_hotplug_thread cpu_stop_threads = {
	.store			= &cpu_stopper.thread,
	.thread_should_run	= cpu_stop_should_run,
	.thread_fn		= cpu_stopper_thread,
	.thread_comm		= "migration/%u",
	.create			= cpu_stop_create,
	.park			= cpu_stop_park,
	.selfparking		= true,
};



static int __init cpu_stop_init(void)
{
	unsigned int cpu;

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		struct cpu_stopper *stopper = &per_cpu(cpu_stopper, cpu);

		spin_lock_init(&stopper->lock);
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&stopper->works);
	}

	BUG_ON(smpboot_register_percpu_thread(&cpu_stop_threads));
	stop_machine_unpark(raw_smp_processor_id());
	stop_machine_initialized = true;
	return 0;
}
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early_initcall(cpu_stop_init);



static int __stop_machine(cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data, const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
	struct multi_stop_data msdata = {
		.fn = fn,
		.data = data,
		.num_threads = num_online_cpus(),
		.active_cpus = cpus,
        };

	if (!stop_machine_initialized) {
		/*
                 * Handle the case where stop_machine() is called
                 * early in boot before stop_machine() has been
                 * initialized.
                 */
		unsigned long flags;
		int ret;

		WARN_ON_ONCE(msdata.num_threads != 1);

		local_irq_save(flags);
		hard_irq_disable();
		ret = (*fn)(data);
		local_irq_restore(flags);

		return ret;
	}

	/* Set the initial state and stop all online cpus. */
	set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);
	return stop_cpus(cpu_online_mask, multi_cpu_stop, &msdata);
}

Contributors
Person
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jeremy fitzhardinge
jeremy fitzhardinge
49
42.24%
1
10.00%
rusty russell
rusty russell
38
32.76%
4
40.00%
tejun heo
tejun heo
16
13.79%
1
10.00%
peter zijlstra
peter zijlstra
8
6.90%
1
10.00%
satoru takeuchi
satoru takeuchi
3
2.59%
1
10.00%
oleg nesterov
oleg nesterov
2
1.72%
2
20.00%
Total
116
100.00%
10
100.00%



int stop_machine(cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data, const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
	int ret;

	/* No CPUs can come up or down during this. */
	get_online_cpus();
	ret = __stop_machine(fn, data, cpus);
	put_online_cpus();
	return ret;
}
Contributors
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rusty russell
rusty russell
39
92.86%
4
66.67%
gautham r shenoy
gautham r shenoy
2
4.76%
1
16.67%
oleg nesterov
oleg nesterov
1
2.38%
1
16.67%
Total
42
100.00%
6
100.00%


EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stop_machine);

/**
 * stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu - stop_machine() from inactive CPU
 * @fn: the function to run
 * @data: the data ptr for the @fn()
 * @cpus: the cpus to run the @fn() on (NULL = any online cpu)
 *
 * This is identical to stop_machine() but can be called from a CPU which
 * is not active.  The local CPU is in the process of hotplug (so no other
 * CPU hotplug can start) and not marked active and doesn't have enough
 * context to sleep.
 *
 * This function provides stop_machine() functionality for such state by
 * using busy-wait for synchronization and executing @fn directly for local
 * CPU.
 *
 * CONTEXT:
 * Local CPU is inactive.  Temporarily stops all active CPUs.
 *
 * RETURNS:
 * 0 if all executions of @fn returned 0, any non zero return value if any
 * returned non zero.
 */


int stop_machine_from_inactive_cpu(cpu_stop_fn_t fn, void *data,
				  const struct cpumask *cpus)
{
	struct multi_stop_data msdata = { .fn = fn, .data = data,
					    .active_cpus = cpus };
	struct cpu_stop_done done;
	int ret;

	/* Local CPU must be inactive and CPU hotplug in progress. */
	BUG_ON(cpu_active(raw_smp_processor_id()));
	msdata.num_threads = num_active_cpus() + 1;	/* +1 for local */

	/* No proper task established and can't sleep - busy wait for lock. */
	while (!mutex_trylock(&stop_cpus_mutex))
		cpu_relax();

	/* Schedule work on other CPUs and execute directly for local CPU */
	set_state(&msdata, MULTI_STOP_PREPARE);
	cpu_stop_init_done(&done, num_active_cpus());
	queue_stop_cpus_work(cpu_active_mask, multi_cpu_stop, &msdata,
			     &done);
	ret = multi_cpu_stop(&msdata);

	/* Busy wait for completion. */
	while (!completion_done(&done.completion))
		cpu_relax();

	mutex_unlock(&stop_cpus_mutex);
	return ret ?: done.ret;
}
Contributors
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tejun heo
tejun heo
137
93.20%
1
33.33%
peter zijlstra
peter zijlstra
9
6.12%
1
33.33%
oleg nesterov
oleg nesterov
1
0.68%
1
33.33%
Total
147
100.00%
3
100.00%

Overall Contributors
Person
Tokens
Prop
Commits
CommitProp
tejun heo
tejun heo
866
41.16%
4
8.70%
peter zijlstra
peter zijlstra
560
26.62%
4
8.70%
oleg nesterov
oleg nesterov
368
17.49%
17
36.96%
rusty russell
rusty russell
111
5.28%
4
8.70%
thomas gleixner
thomas gleixner
92
4.37%
2
4.35%
jeremy fitzhardinge
jeremy fitzhardinge
55
2.61%
1
2.17%
rik van riel
rik van riel
15
0.71%
1
2.17%
heiko carstens
heiko carstens
11
0.52%
3
6.52%
prarit bhargava
prarit bhargava
7
0.33%
1
2.17%
richard kennedy
richard kennedy
4
0.19%
1
2.17%
benjamin herrenschmidt
benjamin herrenschmidt
3
0.14%
1
2.17%
satoru takeuchi
satoru takeuchi
3
0.14%
1
2.17%
gautham r shenoy
gautham r shenoy
2
0.10%
1
2.17%
suresh siddha
suresh siddha
2
0.10%
1
2.17%
linus torvalds
linus torvalds
2
0.10%
1
2.17%
arun sharma
arun sharma
1
0.05%
1
2.17%
paul gortmaker
paul gortmaker
1
0.05%
1
2.17%
srivatsa vaddagiri
srivatsa vaddagiri
1
0.05%
1
2.17%
Total
2104
100.00%
46
100.00%
  
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