Contributors: 7
Author Tokens Token Proportion Commits Commit Proportion
Heiko Carstens 743 94.41% 20 71.43%
Martin Schwidefsky 27 3.43% 2 7.14%
Vasily Gorbik 10 1.27% 1 3.57%
Laura Abbott 3 0.38% 1 3.57%
Steven Rostedt 2 0.25% 2 7.14%
Greg Kroah-Hartman 1 0.13% 1 3.57%
Josh Poimboeuf 1 0.13% 1 3.57%
Total 787 28 


// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Dynamic function tracer architecture backend.
 *
 * Copyright IBM Corp. 2009,2014
 *
 *   Author(s): Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>,
 *		Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
 */

#include <linux/moduleloader.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <trace/syscall.h>
#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include <asm/set_memory.h>
#include "entry.h"

/*
 * The mcount code looks like this:
 *	stg	%r14,8(%r15)		# offset 0
 *	larl	%r1,<&counter>		# offset 6
 *	brasl	%r14,_mcount		# offset 12
 *	lg	%r14,8(%r15)		# offset 18
 * Total length is 24 bytes. Only the first instruction will be patched
 * by ftrace_make_call / ftrace_make_nop.
 * The enabled ftrace code block looks like this:
 * >	brasl	%r0,ftrace_caller	# offset 0
 *	larl	%r1,<&counter>		# offset 6
 *	brasl	%r14,_mcount		# offset 12
 *	lg	%r14,8(%r15)		# offset 18
 * The ftrace function gets called with a non-standard C function call ABI
 * where r0 contains the return address. It is also expected that the called
 * function only clobbers r0 and r1, but restores r2-r15.
 * For module code we can't directly jump to ftrace caller, but need a
 * trampoline (ftrace_plt), which clobbers also r1.
 * The return point of the ftrace function has offset 24, so execution
 * continues behind the mcount block.
 * The disabled ftrace code block looks like this:
 * >	jg	.+24			# offset 0
 *	larl	%r1,<&counter>		# offset 6
 *	brasl	%r14,_mcount		# offset 12
 *	lg	%r14,8(%r15)		# offset 18
 * The jg instruction branches to offset 24 to skip as many instructions
 * as possible.
 * In case we use gcc's hotpatch feature the original and also the disabled
 * function prologue contains only a single six byte instruction and looks
 * like this:
 * >	brcl	0,0			# offset 0
 * To enable ftrace the code gets patched like above and afterwards looks
 * like this:
 * >	brasl	%r0,ftrace_caller	# offset 0
 */

unsigned long ftrace_plt;

static inline void ftrace_generate_orig_insn(struct ftrace_insn *insn)
{
#if defined(CC_USING_HOTPATCH) || defined(CC_USING_NOP_MCOUNT)
	/* brcl 0,0 */
	insn->opc = 0xc004;
	insn->disp = 0;
#else
	/* stg r14,8(r15) */
	insn->opc = 0xe3e0;
	insn->disp = 0xf0080024;
#endif
}

static inline int is_kprobe_on_ftrace(struct ftrace_insn *insn)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
	if (insn->opc == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)
		return 1;
#endif
	return 0;
}

static inline void ftrace_generate_kprobe_nop_insn(struct ftrace_insn *insn)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
	insn->opc = BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION;
	insn->disp = KPROBE_ON_FTRACE_NOP;
#endif
}

static inline void ftrace_generate_kprobe_call_insn(struct ftrace_insn *insn)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
	insn->opc = BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION;
	insn->disp = KPROBE_ON_FTRACE_CALL;
#endif
}

int ftrace_modify_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long old_addr,
		       unsigned long addr)
{
	return 0;
}

int ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod, struct dyn_ftrace *rec,
		    unsigned long addr)
{
	struct ftrace_insn orig, new, old;

	if (probe_kernel_read(&old, (void *) rec->ip, sizeof(old)))
		return -EFAULT;
	if (addr == MCOUNT_ADDR) {
		/* Initial code replacement */
		ftrace_generate_orig_insn(&orig);
		ftrace_generate_nop_insn(&new);
	} else if (is_kprobe_on_ftrace(&old)) {
		/*
		 * If we find a breakpoint instruction, a kprobe has been
		 * placed at the beginning of the function. We write the
		 * constant KPROBE_ON_FTRACE_NOP into the remaining four
		 * bytes of the original instruction so that the kprobes
		 * handler can execute a nop, if it reaches this breakpoint.
		 */
		ftrace_generate_kprobe_call_insn(&orig);
		ftrace_generate_kprobe_nop_insn(&new);
	} else {
		/* Replace ftrace call with a nop. */
		ftrace_generate_call_insn(&orig, rec->ip);
		ftrace_generate_nop_insn(&new);
	}
	/* Verify that the to be replaced code matches what we expect. */
	if (memcmp(&orig, &old, sizeof(old)))
		return -EINVAL;
	s390_kernel_write((void *) rec->ip, &new, sizeof(new));
	return 0;
}

int ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
{
	struct ftrace_insn orig, new, old;

	if (probe_kernel_read(&old, (void *) rec->ip, sizeof(old)))
		return -EFAULT;
	if (is_kprobe_on_ftrace(&old)) {
		/*
		 * If we find a breakpoint instruction, a kprobe has been
		 * placed at the beginning of the function. We write the
		 * constant KPROBE_ON_FTRACE_CALL into the remaining four
		 * bytes of the original instruction so that the kprobes
		 * handler can execute a brasl if it reaches this breakpoint.
		 */
		ftrace_generate_kprobe_nop_insn(&orig);
		ftrace_generate_kprobe_call_insn(&new);
	} else {
		/* Replace nop with an ftrace call. */
		ftrace_generate_nop_insn(&orig);
		ftrace_generate_call_insn(&new, rec->ip);
	}
	/* Verify that the to be replaced code matches what we expect. */
	if (memcmp(&orig, &old, sizeof(old)))
		return -EINVAL;
	s390_kernel_write((void *) rec->ip, &new, sizeof(new));
	return 0;
}

int ftrace_update_ftrace_func(ftrace_func_t func)
{
	return 0;
}

int __init ftrace_dyn_arch_init(void)
{
	return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES

static int __init ftrace_plt_init(void)
{
	unsigned int *ip;

	ftrace_plt = (unsigned long) module_alloc(PAGE_SIZE);
	if (!ftrace_plt)
		panic("cannot allocate ftrace plt\n");
	ip = (unsigned int *) ftrace_plt;
	ip[0] = 0x0d10e310; /* basr 1,0; lg 1,10(1); br 1 */
	ip[1] = 0x100a0004;
	ip[2] = 0x07f10000;
	ip[3] = FTRACE_ADDR >> 32;
	ip[4] = FTRACE_ADDR & 0xffffffff;
	set_memory_ro(ftrace_plt, 1);
	return 0;
}
device_initcall(ftrace_plt_init);

#endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */

#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
/*
 * Hook the return address and push it in the stack of return addresses
 * in current thread info.
 */
unsigned long prepare_ftrace_return(unsigned long ra, unsigned long sp,
				    unsigned long ip)
{
	if (unlikely(ftrace_graph_is_dead()))
		goto out;
	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&current->tracing_graph_pause)))
		goto out;
	ip -= MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE;
	if (!function_graph_enter(ra, ip, 0, (void *) sp))
		ra = (unsigned long) return_to_handler;
out:
	return ra;
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(prepare_ftrace_return);

/*
 * Patch the kernel code at ftrace_graph_caller location. The instruction
 * there is branch relative on condition. To enable the ftrace graph code
 * block, we simply patch the mask field of the instruction to zero and
 * turn the instruction into a nop.
 * To disable the ftrace graph code the mask field will be patched to
 * all ones, which turns the instruction into an unconditional branch.
 */
int ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller(void)
{
	u8 op = 0x04; /* set mask field to zero */

	s390_kernel_write(__va(ftrace_graph_caller)+1, &op, sizeof(op));
	return 0;
}

int ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller(void)
{
	u8 op = 0xf4; /* set mask field to all ones */

	s390_kernel_write(__va(ftrace_graph_caller)+1, &op, sizeof(op));
	return 0;
}

#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */