| Author | Tokens | Token Proportion | Commits | Commit Proportion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Paschal | 1876 | 29.86% | 2 | 1.50% |
| Pete Zaitcev | 1640 | 26.11% | 10 | 7.52% |
| Linus Torvalds (pre-git) | 1030 | 16.40% | 30 | 22.56% |
| Greg Kroah-Hartman | 523 | 8.33% | 24 | 18.05% |
| Oliver Neukum | 282 | 4.49% | 11 | 8.27% |
| Linus Torvalds | 224 | 3.57% | 8 | 6.02% |
| David Woodhouse | 130 | 2.07% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Randy Dunlap | 91 | 1.45% | 2 | 1.50% |
| Martin Habets | 74 | 1.18% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Johan Hovold | 62 | 0.99% | 3 | 2.26% |
| Kay Sievers | 58 | 0.92% | 3 | 2.26% |
| Alan Stern | 53 | 0.84% | 3 | 2.26% |
| Ari Juhani Hämeenaho | 31 | 0.49% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Rusty Russell | 22 | 0.35% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Sebastian Andrzej Siewior | 20 | 0.32% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Arjan van de Ven | 19 | 0.30% | 2 | 1.50% |
| David Brownell | 17 | 0.27% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Krzysztof Opasiak | 14 | 0.22% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Flavien Lebarbé | 10 | 0.16% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Taisuke Yamada | 9 | 0.14% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Brandon Philips | 9 | 0.14% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Martin Williges | 9 | 0.14% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Kai Reichert | 9 | 0.14% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Vojtech Pavlik | 8 | 0.13% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Julia Lawall | 8 | 0.13% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Adam Oldham | 7 | 0.11% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Domen Puncer | 6 | 0.10% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Arnd Bergmann | 5 | 0.08% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Manuel Zerpies | 5 | 0.08% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Al Viro | 5 | 0.08% | 4 | 3.01% |
| Jiri Slaby | 5 | 0.08% | 1 | 0.75% |
| David S. Miller | 4 | 0.06% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Daniel Drake | 4 | 0.06% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Luiz Fernando N. Capitulino | 4 | 0.06% | 2 | 1.50% |
| Paulo Marques | 3 | 0.05% | 2 | 1.50% |
| Pavel Machek | 1 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Mauro Carvalho Chehab | 1 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Márton Németh | 1 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Andrew Morton | 1 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Alexey Dobriyan | 1 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Ingo Molnar | 1 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.75% |
| Total | 6282 | 133 |
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ /* * usblp.c * * Copyright (c) 1999 Michael Gee <michael@linuxspecific.com> * Copyright (c) 1999 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> * Copyright (c) 2000 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net> * Copyright (c) 2000 Vojtech Pavlik <vojtech@suse.cz> # Copyright (c) 2001 Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com> # Copyright (c) 2001 David Paschal <paschal@rcsis.com> * Copyright (c) 2006 Oliver Neukum <oliver@neukum.name> * * USB Printer Device Class driver for USB printers and printer cables * * Sponsored by SuSE * * ChangeLog: * v0.1 - thorough cleaning, URBification, almost a rewrite * v0.2 - some more cleanups * v0.3 - cleaner again, waitqueue fixes * v0.4 - fixes in unidirectional mode * v0.5 - add DEVICE_ID string support * v0.6 - never time out * v0.7 - fixed bulk-IN read and poll (David Paschal) * v0.8 - add devfs support * v0.9 - fix unplug-while-open paths * v0.10- remove sleep_on, fix error on oom (oliver@neukum.org) * v0.11 - add proto_bias option (Pete Zaitcev) * v0.12 - add hpoj.sourceforge.net ioctls (David Paschal) * v0.13 - alloc space for statusbuf (<status> not on stack); * use usb_alloc_coherent() for read buf & write buf; * none - Maintained in Linux kernel after v0.13 */ #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/sched/signal.h> #include <linux/signal.h> #include <linux/poll.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/lp.h> #include <linux/mutex.h> #undef DEBUG #include <linux/usb.h> #include <linux/usb/ch9.h> #include <linux/ratelimit.h> /* * Version Information */ #define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Michael Gee, Pavel Machek, Vojtech Pavlik, Randy Dunlap, Pete Zaitcev, David Paschal" #define DRIVER_DESC "USB Printer Device Class driver" #define USBLP_BUF_SIZE 8192 #define USBLP_BUF_SIZE_IN 1024 #define USBLP_DEVICE_ID_SIZE 1024 /* ioctls: */ #define IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID 1 #define IOCNR_GET_PROTOCOLS 2 #define IOCNR_SET_PROTOCOL 3 #define IOCNR_HP_SET_CHANNEL 4 #define IOCNR_GET_BUS_ADDRESS 5 #define IOCNR_GET_VID_PID 6 #define IOCNR_SOFT_RESET 7 /* Get device_id string: */ #define LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID, len) /* The following ioctls were added for http://hpoj.sourceforge.net: * Get two-int array: * [0]=current protocol * (1=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/1, 2=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/2, * 3=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/3), * [1]=supported protocol mask (mask&(1<<n)!=0 means * USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/n supported): */ #define LPIOC_GET_PROTOCOLS(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_PROTOCOLS, len) /* * Set protocol * (arg: 1=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/1, 2=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/2, * 3=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/3): */ #define LPIOC_SET_PROTOCOL _IOC(_IOC_WRITE, 'P', IOCNR_SET_PROTOCOL, 0) /* Set channel number (HP Vendor-specific command): */ #define LPIOC_HP_SET_CHANNEL _IOC(_IOC_WRITE, 'P', IOCNR_HP_SET_CHANNEL, 0) /* Get two-int array: [0]=bus number, [1]=device address: */ #define LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_BUS_ADDRESS, len) /* Get two-int array: [0]=vendor ID, [1]=product ID: */ #define LPIOC_GET_VID_PID(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_VID_PID, len) /* Perform class specific soft reset */ #define LPIOC_SOFT_RESET _IOC(_IOC_NONE, 'P', IOCNR_SOFT_RESET, 0); /* * A DEVICE_ID string may include the printer's serial number. * It should end with a semi-colon (';'). * An example from an HP 970C DeskJet printer is (this is one long string, * with the serial number changed): MFG:HEWLETT-PACKARD;MDL:DESKJET 970C;CMD:MLC,PCL,PML;CLASS:PRINTER;DESCRIPTION:Hewlett-Packard DeskJet 970C;SERN:US970CSEPROF;VSTATUS:$HB0$NC0,ff,DN,IDLE,CUT,K1,C0,DP,NR,KP000,CP027;VP:0800,FL,B0;VJ: ; */ /* * USB Printer Requests */ #define USBLP_REQ_GET_ID 0x00 #define USBLP_REQ_GET_STATUS 0x01 #define USBLP_REQ_RESET 0x02 #define USBLP_REQ_HP_CHANNEL_CHANGE_REQUEST 0x00 /* HP Vendor-specific */ #define USBLP_MINORS 16 #define USBLP_MINOR_BASE 0 #define USBLP_CTL_TIMEOUT 5000 /* 5 seconds */ #define USBLP_FIRST_PROTOCOL 1 #define USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL 3 #define USBLP_MAX_PROTOCOLS (USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL+1) /* * some arbitrary status buffer size; * need a status buffer that is allocated via kmalloc(), not on stack */ #define STATUS_BUF_SIZE 8 /* * Locks down the locking order: * ->wmut locks wstatus. * ->mut locks the whole usblp, except [rw]complete, and thus, by indirection, * [rw]status. We only touch status when we know the side idle. * ->lock locks what interrupt accesses. */ struct usblp { struct usb_device *dev; /* USB device */ struct mutex wmut; struct mutex mut; spinlock_t lock; /* locks rcomplete, wcomplete */ char *readbuf; /* read transfer_buffer */ char *statusbuf; /* status transfer_buffer */ struct usb_anchor urbs; wait_queue_head_t rwait, wwait; int readcount; /* Counter for reads */ int ifnum; /* Interface number */ struct usb_interface *intf; /* The interface */ /* * Alternate-setting numbers and endpoints for each protocol * (USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/{index=1,2,3}) that the device supports: */ struct { int alt_setting; struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epwrite; struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epread; } protocol[USBLP_MAX_PROTOCOLS]; int current_protocol; int minor; /* minor number of device */ int wcomplete, rcomplete; int wstatus; /* bytes written or error */ int rstatus; /* bytes ready or error */ unsigned int quirks; /* quirks flags */ unsigned int flags; /* mode flags */ unsigned char used; /* True if open */ unsigned char present; /* True if not disconnected */ unsigned char bidir; /* interface is bidirectional */ unsigned char no_paper; /* Paper Out happened */ unsigned char *device_id_string; /* IEEE 1284 DEVICE ID string (ptr) */ /* first 2 bytes are (big-endian) length */ }; #ifdef DEBUG static void usblp_dump(struct usblp *usblp) { struct device *dev = &usblp->intf->dev; int p; dev_dbg(dev, "usblp=0x%p\n", usblp); dev_dbg(dev, "dev=0x%p\n", usblp->dev); dev_dbg(dev, "present=%d\n", usblp->present); dev_dbg(dev, "readbuf=0x%p\n", usblp->readbuf); dev_dbg(dev, "readcount=%d\n", usblp->readcount); dev_dbg(dev, "ifnum=%d\n", usblp->ifnum); for (p = USBLP_FIRST_PROTOCOL; p <= USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL; p++) { dev_dbg(dev, "protocol[%d].alt_setting=%d\n", p, usblp->protocol[p].alt_setting); dev_dbg(dev, "protocol[%d].epwrite=%p\n", p, usblp->protocol[p].epwrite); dev_dbg(dev, "protocol[%d].epread=%p\n", p, usblp->protocol[p].epread); } dev_dbg(dev, "current_protocol=%d\n", usblp->current_protocol); dev_dbg(dev, "minor=%d\n", usblp->minor); dev_dbg(dev, "wstatus=%d\n", usblp->wstatus); dev_dbg(dev, "rstatus=%d\n", usblp->rstatus); dev_dbg(dev, "quirks=%d\n", usblp->quirks); dev_dbg(dev, "used=%d\n", usblp->used); dev_dbg(dev, "bidir=%d\n", usblp->bidir); dev_dbg(dev, "device_id_string=\"%s\"\n", usblp->device_id_string ? usblp->device_id_string + 2 : (unsigned char *)"(null)"); } #endif /* Quirks: various printer quirks are handled by this table & its flags. */ struct quirk_printer_struct { __u16 vendorId; __u16 productId; unsigned int quirks; }; #define USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR 0x1 /* reports bidir but requires unidirectional mode (no INs/reads) */ #define USBLP_QUIRK_USB_INIT 0x2 /* needs vendor USB init string */ #define USBLP_QUIRK_BAD_CLASS 0x4 /* descriptor uses vendor-specific Class or SubClass */ static const struct quirk_printer_struct quirk_printers[] = { { 0x03f0, 0x0004, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 895C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0104, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 880C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0204, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 815C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0304, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 810C/812C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0404, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 830C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0504, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 885C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0604, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 840C */ { 0x03f0, 0x0804, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP DeskJet 816C */ { 0x03f0, 0x1104, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* HP Deskjet 959C */ { 0x0409, 0xefbe, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* NEC Picty900 (HP OEM) */ { 0x0409, 0xbef4, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* NEC Picty760 (HP OEM) */ { 0x0409, 0xf0be, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* NEC Picty920 (HP OEM) */ { 0x0409, 0xf1be, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* NEC Picty800 (HP OEM) */ { 0x0482, 0x0010, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* Kyocera Mita FS 820, by zut <kernel@zut.de> */ { 0x04f9, 0x000d, USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR }, /* Brother Industries, Ltd HL-1440 Laser Printer */ { 0x04b8, 0x0202, USBLP_QUIRK_BAD_CLASS }, /* Seiko Epson Receipt Printer M129C */ { 0, 0 } }; static int usblp_wwait(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock); static int usblp_wtest(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock); static int usblp_rwait_and_lock(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock); static int usblp_rtest(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock); static int usblp_submit_read(struct usblp *usblp); static int usblp_select_alts(struct usblp *usblp); static int usblp_set_protocol(struct usblp *usblp, int protocol); static int usblp_cache_device_id_string(struct usblp *usblp); /* forward reference to make our lives easier */ static struct usb_driver usblp_driver; static DEFINE_MUTEX(usblp_mutex); /* locks the existence of usblp's */ /* * Functions for usblp control messages. */ static int usblp_ctrl_msg(struct usblp *usblp, int request, int type, int dir, int recip, int value, void *buf, int len) { int retval; int index = usblp->ifnum; /* High byte has the interface index. Low byte has the alternate setting. */ if ((request == USBLP_REQ_GET_ID) && (type == USB_TYPE_CLASS)) index = (usblp->ifnum<<8)|usblp->protocol[usblp->current_protocol].alt_setting; retval = usb_control_msg(usblp->dev, dir ? usb_rcvctrlpipe(usblp->dev, 0) : usb_sndctrlpipe(usblp->dev, 0), request, type | dir | recip, value, index, buf, len, USBLP_CTL_TIMEOUT); dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp_control_msg: rq: 0x%02x dir: %d recip: %d value: %d idx: %d len: %#x result: %d\n", request, !!dir, recip, value, index, len, retval); return retval < 0 ? retval : 0; } #define usblp_read_status(usblp, status)\ usblp_ctrl_msg(usblp, USBLP_REQ_GET_STATUS, USB_TYPE_CLASS, USB_DIR_IN, USB_RECIP_INTERFACE, 0, status, 1) #define usblp_get_id(usblp, config, id, maxlen)\ usblp_ctrl_msg(usblp, USBLP_REQ_GET_ID, USB_TYPE_CLASS, USB_DIR_IN, USB_RECIP_INTERFACE, config, id, maxlen) #define usblp_reset(usblp)\ usblp_ctrl_msg(usblp, USBLP_REQ_RESET, USB_TYPE_CLASS, USB_DIR_OUT, USB_RECIP_OTHER, 0, NULL, 0) #define usblp_hp_channel_change_request(usblp, channel, buffer) \ usblp_ctrl_msg(usblp, USBLP_REQ_HP_CHANNEL_CHANGE_REQUEST, USB_TYPE_VENDOR, USB_DIR_IN, USB_RECIP_INTERFACE, channel, buffer, 1) /* * See the description for usblp_select_alts() below for the usage * explanation. Look into your /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices and dmesg in * case of any trouble. */ static int proto_bias = -1; /* * URB callback. */ static void usblp_bulk_read(struct urb *urb) { struct usblp *usblp = urb->context; int status = urb->status; unsigned long flags; if (usblp->present && usblp->used) { if (status) printk(KERN_WARNING "usblp%d: " "nonzero read bulk status received: %d\n", usblp->minor, status); } spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); if (status < 0) usblp->rstatus = status; else usblp->rstatus = urb->actual_length; usblp->rcomplete = 1; wake_up(&usblp->rwait); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); usb_free_urb(urb); } static void usblp_bulk_write(struct urb *urb) { struct usblp *usblp = urb->context; int status = urb->status; unsigned long flags; if (usblp->present && usblp->used) { if (status) printk(KERN_WARNING "usblp%d: " "nonzero write bulk status received: %d\n", usblp->minor, status); } spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); if (status < 0) usblp->wstatus = status; else usblp->wstatus = urb->actual_length; usblp->no_paper = 0; usblp->wcomplete = 1; wake_up(&usblp->wwait); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); usb_free_urb(urb); } /* * Get and print printer errors. */ static const char *usblp_messages[] = { "ok", "out of paper", "off-line", "on fire" }; static int usblp_check_status(struct usblp *usblp, int err) { unsigned char status, newerr = 0; int error; mutex_lock(&usblp->mut); if ((error = usblp_read_status(usblp, usblp->statusbuf)) < 0) { mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); printk_ratelimited(KERN_ERR "usblp%d: error %d reading printer status\n", usblp->minor, error); return 0; } status = *usblp->statusbuf; mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); if (~status & LP_PERRORP) newerr = 3; if (status & LP_POUTPA) newerr = 1; if (~status & LP_PSELECD) newerr = 2; if (newerr != err) { printk(KERN_INFO "usblp%d: %s\n", usblp->minor, usblp_messages[newerr]); } return newerr; } static int handle_bidir(struct usblp *usblp) { if (usblp->bidir && usblp->used) { if (usblp_submit_read(usblp) < 0) return -EIO; } return 0; } /* * File op functions. */ static int usblp_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { int minor = iminor(inode); struct usblp *usblp; struct usb_interface *intf; int retval; if (minor < 0) return -ENODEV; mutex_lock(&usblp_mutex); retval = -ENODEV; intf = usb_find_interface(&usblp_driver, minor); if (!intf) goto out; usblp = usb_get_intfdata(intf); if (!usblp || !usblp->dev || !usblp->present) goto out; retval = -EBUSY; if (usblp->used) goto out; /* * We do not implement LP_ABORTOPEN/LPABORTOPEN for two reasons: * - We do not want persistent state which close(2) does not clear * - It is not used anyway, according to CUPS people */ retval = usb_autopm_get_interface(intf); if (retval < 0) goto out; usblp->used = 1; file->private_data = usblp; usblp->wcomplete = 1; /* we begin writeable */ usblp->wstatus = 0; usblp->rcomplete = 0; if (handle_bidir(usblp) < 0) { usb_autopm_put_interface(intf); usblp->used = 0; file->private_data = NULL; retval = -EIO; } out: mutex_unlock(&usblp_mutex); return retval; } static void usblp_cleanup(struct usblp *usblp) { printk(KERN_INFO "usblp%d: removed\n", usblp->minor); kfree(usblp->readbuf); kfree(usblp->device_id_string); kfree(usblp->statusbuf); usb_put_intf(usblp->intf); kfree(usblp); } static void usblp_unlink_urbs(struct usblp *usblp) { usb_kill_anchored_urbs(&usblp->urbs); } static int usblp_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { struct usblp *usblp = file->private_data; usblp->flags &= ~LP_ABORT; mutex_lock(&usblp_mutex); usblp->used = 0; if (usblp->present) usblp_unlink_urbs(usblp); usb_autopm_put_interface(usblp->intf); if (!usblp->present) /* finish cleanup from disconnect */ usblp_cleanup(usblp); mutex_unlock(&usblp_mutex); return 0; } /* No kernel lock - fine */ static __poll_t usblp_poll(struct file *file, struct poll_table_struct *wait) { __poll_t ret; unsigned long flags; struct usblp *usblp = file->private_data; /* Should we check file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE before poll_wait()? */ poll_wait(file, &usblp->rwait, wait); poll_wait(file, &usblp->wwait, wait); spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); ret = ((usblp->bidir && usblp->rcomplete) ? EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM : 0) | ((usblp->no_paper || usblp->wcomplete) ? EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM : 0); spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); return ret; } static long usblp_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg) { struct usblp *usblp = file->private_data; int length, err, i; unsigned char newChannel; int status; int twoints[2]; int retval = 0; mutex_lock(&usblp->mut); if (!usblp->present) { retval = -ENODEV; goto done; } dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp_ioctl: cmd=0x%x (%c nr=%d len=%d dir=%d)\n", cmd, _IOC_TYPE(cmd), _IOC_NR(cmd), _IOC_SIZE(cmd), _IOC_DIR(cmd)); if (_IOC_TYPE(cmd) == 'P') /* new-style ioctl number */ switch (_IOC_NR(cmd)) { case IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID: /* get the DEVICE_ID string */ if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_READ) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } length = usblp_cache_device_id_string(usblp); if (length < 0) { retval = length; goto done; } if (length > _IOC_SIZE(cmd)) length = _IOC_SIZE(cmd); /* truncate */ if (copy_to_user((void __user *) arg, usblp->device_id_string, (unsigned long) length)) { retval = -EFAULT; goto done; } break; case IOCNR_GET_PROTOCOLS: if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_READ || _IOC_SIZE(cmd) < sizeof(twoints)) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } twoints[0] = usblp->current_protocol; twoints[1] = 0; for (i = USBLP_FIRST_PROTOCOL; i <= USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL; i++) { if (usblp->protocol[i].alt_setting >= 0) twoints[1] |= (1<<i); } if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, (unsigned char *)twoints, sizeof(twoints))) { retval = -EFAULT; goto done; } break; case IOCNR_SET_PROTOCOL: if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_WRITE) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } #ifdef DEBUG if (arg == -10) { usblp_dump(usblp); break; } #endif usblp_unlink_urbs(usblp); retval = usblp_set_protocol(usblp, arg); if (retval < 0) { usblp_set_protocol(usblp, usblp->current_protocol); } break; case IOCNR_HP_SET_CHANNEL: if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_WRITE || le16_to_cpu(usblp->dev->descriptor.idVendor) != 0x03F0 || usblp->quirks & USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } err = usblp_hp_channel_change_request(usblp, arg, &newChannel); if (err < 0) { dev_err(&usblp->dev->dev, "usblp%d: error = %d setting " "HP channel\n", usblp->minor, err); retval = -EIO; goto done; } dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp%d requested/got HP channel %ld/%d\n", usblp->minor, arg, newChannel); break; case IOCNR_GET_BUS_ADDRESS: if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_READ || _IOC_SIZE(cmd) < sizeof(twoints)) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } twoints[0] = usblp->dev->bus->busnum; twoints[1] = usblp->dev->devnum; if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, (unsigned char *)twoints, sizeof(twoints))) { retval = -EFAULT; goto done; } dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp%d is bus=%d, device=%d\n", usblp->minor, twoints[0], twoints[1]); break; case IOCNR_GET_VID_PID: if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_READ || _IOC_SIZE(cmd) < sizeof(twoints)) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } twoints[0] = le16_to_cpu(usblp->dev->descriptor.idVendor); twoints[1] = le16_to_cpu(usblp->dev->descriptor.idProduct); if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, (unsigned char *)twoints, sizeof(twoints))) { retval = -EFAULT; goto done; } dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp%d is VID=0x%4.4X, PID=0x%4.4X\n", usblp->minor, twoints[0], twoints[1]); break; case IOCNR_SOFT_RESET: if (_IOC_DIR(cmd) != _IOC_NONE) { retval = -EINVAL; goto done; } retval = usblp_reset(usblp); break; default: retval = -ENOTTY; } else /* old-style ioctl value */ switch (cmd) { case LPGETSTATUS: retval = usblp_read_status(usblp, usblp->statusbuf); if (retval) { printk_ratelimited(KERN_ERR "usblp%d:" "failed reading printer status (%d)\n", usblp->minor, retval); retval = -EIO; goto done; } status = *usblp->statusbuf; if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &status, sizeof(int))) retval = -EFAULT; break; case LPABORT: if (arg) usblp->flags |= LP_ABORT; else usblp->flags &= ~LP_ABORT; break; default: retval = -ENOTTY; } done: mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); return retval; } static struct urb *usblp_new_writeurb(struct usblp *usblp, int transfer_length) { struct urb *urb; char *writebuf; writebuf = kmalloc(transfer_length, GFP_KERNEL); if (writebuf == NULL) return NULL; urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL); if (urb == NULL) { kfree(writebuf); return NULL; } usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, usblp->dev, usb_sndbulkpipe(usblp->dev, usblp->protocol[usblp->current_protocol].epwrite->bEndpointAddress), writebuf, transfer_length, usblp_bulk_write, usblp); urb->transfer_flags |= URB_FREE_BUFFER; return urb; } static ssize_t usblp_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos) { struct usblp *usblp = file->private_data; struct urb *writeurb; int rv; int transfer_length; ssize_t writecount = 0; if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&usblp->wmut)) { rv = -EINTR; goto raise_biglock; } if ((rv = usblp_wwait(usblp, !!(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK))) < 0) goto raise_wait; while (writecount < count) { /* * Step 1: Submit next block. */ if ((transfer_length = count - writecount) > USBLP_BUF_SIZE) transfer_length = USBLP_BUF_SIZE; rv = -ENOMEM; writeurb = usblp_new_writeurb(usblp, transfer_length); if (writeurb == NULL) goto raise_urb; usb_anchor_urb(writeurb, &usblp->urbs); if (copy_from_user(writeurb->transfer_buffer, buffer + writecount, transfer_length)) { rv = -EFAULT; goto raise_badaddr; } spin_lock_irq(&usblp->lock); usblp->wcomplete = 0; spin_unlock_irq(&usblp->lock); if ((rv = usb_submit_urb(writeurb, GFP_KERNEL)) < 0) { usblp->wstatus = 0; spin_lock_irq(&usblp->lock); usblp->no_paper = 0; usblp->wcomplete = 1; wake_up(&usblp->wwait); spin_unlock_irq(&usblp->lock); if (rv != -ENOMEM) rv = -EIO; goto raise_submit; } /* * Step 2: Wait for transfer to end, collect results. */ rv = usblp_wwait(usblp, !!(file->f_flags&O_NONBLOCK)); if (rv < 0) { if (rv == -EAGAIN) { /* Presume that it's going to complete well. */ writecount += transfer_length; } if (rv == -ENOSPC) { spin_lock_irq(&usblp->lock); usblp->no_paper = 1; /* Mark for poll(2) */ spin_unlock_irq(&usblp->lock); writecount += transfer_length; } /* Leave URB dangling, to be cleaned on close. */ goto collect_error; } if (usblp->wstatus < 0) { rv = -EIO; goto collect_error; } /* * This is critical: it must be our URB, not other writer's. * The wmut exists mainly to cover us here. */ writecount += usblp->wstatus; } mutex_unlock(&usblp->wmut); return writecount; raise_submit: raise_badaddr: usb_unanchor_urb(writeurb); usb_free_urb(writeurb); raise_urb: raise_wait: collect_error: /* Out of raise sequence */ mutex_unlock(&usblp->wmut); raise_biglock: return writecount ? writecount : rv; } /* * Notice that we fail to restart in a few cases: on EFAULT, on restart * error, etc. This is the historical behaviour. In all such cases we return * EIO, and applications loop in order to get the new read going. */ static ssize_t usblp_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer, size_t len, loff_t *ppos) { struct usblp *usblp = file->private_data; ssize_t count; ssize_t avail; int rv; if (!usblp->bidir) return -EINVAL; rv = usblp_rwait_and_lock(usblp, !!(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)); if (rv < 0) return rv; if ((avail = usblp->rstatus) < 0) { printk(KERN_ERR "usblp%d: error %d reading from printer\n", usblp->minor, (int)avail); usblp_submit_read(usblp); count = -EIO; goto done; } count = len < avail - usblp->readcount ? len : avail - usblp->readcount; if (count != 0 && copy_to_user(buffer, usblp->readbuf + usblp->readcount, count)) { count = -EFAULT; goto done; } if ((usblp->readcount += count) == avail) { if (usblp_submit_read(usblp) < 0) { /* We don't want to leak USB return codes into errno. */ if (count == 0) count = -EIO; goto done; } } done: mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); return count; } /* * Wait for the write path to come idle. * This is called under the ->wmut, so the idle path stays idle. * * Our write path has a peculiar property: it does not buffer like a tty, * but waits for the write to succeed. This allows our ->release to bug out * without waiting for writes to drain. But it obviously does not work * when O_NONBLOCK is set. So, applications setting O_NONBLOCK must use * select(2) or poll(2) to wait for the buffer to drain before closing. * Alternatively, set blocking mode with fcntl and issue a zero-size write. */ static int usblp_wwait(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock) { DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(waita, current); int rc; int err = 0; add_wait_queue(&usblp->wwait, &waita); for (;;) { if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&usblp->mut)) { rc = -EINTR; break; } set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE); rc = usblp_wtest(usblp, nonblock); mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); if (rc <= 0) break; if (schedule_timeout(msecs_to_jiffies(1500)) == 0) { if (usblp->flags & LP_ABORT) { err = usblp_check_status(usblp, err); if (err == 1) { /* Paper out */ rc = -ENOSPC; break; } } else { /* Prod the printer, Gentoo#251237. */ mutex_lock(&usblp->mut); usblp_read_status(usblp, usblp->statusbuf); mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); } } } set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING); remove_wait_queue(&usblp->wwait, &waita); return rc; } static int usblp_wtest(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock) { unsigned long flags; if (!usblp->present) return -ENODEV; if (signal_pending(current)) return -EINTR; spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); if (usblp->wcomplete) { spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); return 0; } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); if (nonblock) return -EAGAIN; return 1; } /* * Wait for read bytes to become available. This probably should have been * called usblp_r_lock_and_wait(), because we lock first. But it's a traditional * name for functions which lock and return. * * We do not use wait_event_interruptible because it makes locking iffy. */ static int usblp_rwait_and_lock(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock) { DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(waita, current); int rc; add_wait_queue(&usblp->rwait, &waita); for (;;) { if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&usblp->mut)) { rc = -EINTR; break; } set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE); if ((rc = usblp_rtest(usblp, nonblock)) < 0) { mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); break; } if (rc == 0) /* Keep it locked */ break; mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); schedule(); } set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING); remove_wait_queue(&usblp->rwait, &waita); return rc; } static int usblp_rtest(struct usblp *usblp, int nonblock) { unsigned long flags; if (!usblp->present) return -ENODEV; if (signal_pending(current)) return -EINTR; spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); if (usblp->rcomplete) { spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); return 0; } spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); if (nonblock) return -EAGAIN; return 1; } /* * Please check ->bidir and other such things outside for now. */ static int usblp_submit_read(struct usblp *usblp) { struct urb *urb; unsigned long flags; int rc; rc = -ENOMEM; urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL); if (urb == NULL) goto raise_urb; usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, usblp->dev, usb_rcvbulkpipe(usblp->dev, usblp->protocol[usblp->current_protocol].epread->bEndpointAddress), usblp->readbuf, USBLP_BUF_SIZE_IN, usblp_bulk_read, usblp); usb_anchor_urb(urb, &usblp->urbs); spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); usblp->readcount = 0; /* XXX Why here? */ usblp->rcomplete = 0; spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); if ((rc = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL)) < 0) { dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "error submitting urb (%d)\n", rc); spin_lock_irqsave(&usblp->lock, flags); usblp->rstatus = rc; usblp->rcomplete = 1; spin_unlock_irqrestore(&usblp->lock, flags); goto raise_submit; } return 0; raise_submit: usb_unanchor_urb(urb); usb_free_urb(urb); raise_urb: return rc; } /* * Checks for printers that have quirks, such as requiring unidirectional * communication but reporting bidirectional; currently some HP printers * have this flaw (HP 810, 880, 895, etc.), or needing an init string * sent at each open (like some Epsons). * Returns 1 if found, 0 if not found. * * HP recommended that we use the bidirectional interface but * don't attempt any bulk IN transfers from the IN endpoint. * Here's some more detail on the problem: * The problem is not that it isn't bidirectional though. The problem * is that if you request a device ID, or status information, while * the buffers are full, the return data will end up in the print data * buffer. For example if you make sure you never request the device ID * while you are sending print data, and you don't try to query the * printer status every couple of milliseconds, you will probably be OK. */ static unsigned int usblp_quirks(__u16 vendor, __u16 product) { int i; for (i = 0; quirk_printers[i].vendorId; i++) { if (vendor == quirk_printers[i].vendorId && product == quirk_printers[i].productId) return quirk_printers[i].quirks; } return 0; } static const struct file_operations usblp_fops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .read = usblp_read, .write = usblp_write, .poll = usblp_poll, .unlocked_ioctl = usblp_ioctl, .compat_ioctl = usblp_ioctl, .open = usblp_open, .release = usblp_release, .llseek = noop_llseek, }; static char *usblp_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode) { return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "usb/%s", dev_name(dev)); } static struct usb_class_driver usblp_class = { .name = "lp%d", .devnode = usblp_devnode, .fops = &usblp_fops, .minor_base = USBLP_MINOR_BASE, }; static ssize_t ieee1284_id_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf) { struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev); struct usblp *usblp = usb_get_intfdata(intf); if (usblp->device_id_string[0] == 0 && usblp->device_id_string[1] == 0) return 0; return sprintf(buf, "%s", usblp->device_id_string+2); } static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(ieee1284_id); static struct attribute *usblp_attrs[] = { &dev_attr_ieee1284_id.attr, NULL, }; ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(usblp); static int usblp_probe(struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *id) { struct usb_device *dev = interface_to_usbdev(intf); struct usblp *usblp; int protocol; int retval; /* Malloc and start initializing usblp structure so we can use it * directly. */ usblp = kzalloc(sizeof(struct usblp), GFP_KERNEL); if (!usblp) { retval = -ENOMEM; goto abort_ret; } usblp->dev = dev; mutex_init(&usblp->wmut); mutex_init(&usblp->mut); spin_lock_init(&usblp->lock); init_waitqueue_head(&usblp->rwait); init_waitqueue_head(&usblp->wwait); init_usb_anchor(&usblp->urbs); usblp->ifnum = intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber; usblp->intf = usb_get_intf(intf); /* Malloc device ID string buffer to the largest expected length, * since we can re-query it on an ioctl and a dynamic string * could change in length. */ if (!(usblp->device_id_string = kmalloc(USBLP_DEVICE_ID_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL))) { retval = -ENOMEM; goto abort; } /* * Allocate read buffer. We somewhat wastefully * malloc both regardless of bidirectionality, because the * alternate setting can be changed later via an ioctl. */ if (!(usblp->readbuf = kmalloc(USBLP_BUF_SIZE_IN, GFP_KERNEL))) { retval = -ENOMEM; goto abort; } /* Allocate buffer for printer status */ usblp->statusbuf = kmalloc(STATUS_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL); if (!usblp->statusbuf) { retval = -ENOMEM; goto abort; } /* Lookup quirks for this printer. */ usblp->quirks = usblp_quirks( le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor), le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct)); /* Analyze and pick initial alternate settings and endpoints. */ protocol = usblp_select_alts(usblp); if (protocol < 0) { dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "incompatible printer-class device 0x%4.4X/0x%4.4X\n", le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor), le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct)); retval = -ENODEV; goto abort; } /* Setup the selected alternate setting and endpoints. */ if (usblp_set_protocol(usblp, protocol) < 0) { retval = -ENODEV; /* ->probe isn't ->ioctl */ goto abort; } /* Retrieve and store the device ID string. */ usblp_cache_device_id_string(usblp); #ifdef DEBUG usblp_check_status(usblp, 0); #endif usb_set_intfdata(intf, usblp); usblp->present = 1; retval = usb_register_dev(intf, &usblp_class); if (retval) { dev_err(&intf->dev, "usblp: Not able to get a minor (base %u, slice default): %d\n", USBLP_MINOR_BASE, retval); goto abort_intfdata; } usblp->minor = intf->minor; dev_info(&intf->dev, "usblp%d: USB %sdirectional printer dev %d if %d alt %d proto %d vid 0x%4.4X pid 0x%4.4X\n", usblp->minor, usblp->bidir ? "Bi" : "Uni", dev->devnum, usblp->ifnum, usblp->protocol[usblp->current_protocol].alt_setting, usblp->current_protocol, le16_to_cpu(usblp->dev->descriptor.idVendor), le16_to_cpu(usblp->dev->descriptor.idProduct)); return 0; abort_intfdata: usb_set_intfdata(intf, NULL); abort: kfree(usblp->readbuf); kfree(usblp->statusbuf); kfree(usblp->device_id_string); usb_put_intf(usblp->intf); kfree(usblp); abort_ret: return retval; } /* * We are a "new" style driver with usb_device_id table, * but our requirements are too intricate for simple match to handle. * * The "proto_bias" option may be used to specify the preferred protocol * for all USB printers (1=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/1, 2=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/2, * 3=USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/3). If the device supports the preferred protocol, * then we bind to it. * * The best interface for us is USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/2, because it * is compatible with a stream of characters. If we find it, we bind to it. * * Note that the people from hpoj.sourceforge.net need to be able to * bind to USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/3 (MLC/1284.4), so we provide them ioctls * for this purpose. * * Failing USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/2, we look for USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/3, * even though it's probably not stream-compatible, because this matches * the behaviour of the old code. * * If nothing else, we bind to USB_CLASS_PRINTER/1/1 * - the unidirectional interface. */ static int usblp_select_alts(struct usblp *usblp) { struct usb_interface *if_alt; struct usb_host_interface *ifd; struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epwrite, *epread; int p, i; int res; if_alt = usblp->intf; for (p = 0; p < USBLP_MAX_PROTOCOLS; p++) usblp->protocol[p].alt_setting = -1; /* Find out what we have. */ for (i = 0; i < if_alt->num_altsetting; i++) { ifd = &if_alt->altsetting[i]; if (ifd->desc.bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_PRINTER || ifd->desc.bInterfaceSubClass != 1) if (!(usblp->quirks & USBLP_QUIRK_BAD_CLASS)) continue; if (ifd->desc.bInterfaceProtocol < USBLP_FIRST_PROTOCOL || ifd->desc.bInterfaceProtocol > USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL) continue; /* Look for the expected bulk endpoints. */ if (ifd->desc.bInterfaceProtocol > 1) { res = usb_find_common_endpoints(ifd, &epread, &epwrite, NULL, NULL); } else { epread = NULL; res = usb_find_bulk_out_endpoint(ifd, &epwrite); } /* Ignore buggy hardware without the right endpoints. */ if (res) continue; /* Turn off reads for buggy bidirectional printers. */ if (usblp->quirks & USBLP_QUIRK_BIDIR) { printk(KERN_INFO "usblp%d: Disabling reads from " "problematic bidirectional printer\n", usblp->minor); epread = NULL; } usblp->protocol[ifd->desc.bInterfaceProtocol].alt_setting = ifd->desc.bAlternateSetting; usblp->protocol[ifd->desc.bInterfaceProtocol].epwrite = epwrite; usblp->protocol[ifd->desc.bInterfaceProtocol].epread = epread; } /* If our requested protocol is supported, then use it. */ if (proto_bias >= USBLP_FIRST_PROTOCOL && proto_bias <= USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL && usblp->protocol[proto_bias].alt_setting != -1) return proto_bias; /* Ordering is important here. */ if (usblp->protocol[2].alt_setting != -1) return 2; if (usblp->protocol[1].alt_setting != -1) return 1; if (usblp->protocol[3].alt_setting != -1) return 3; /* If nothing is available, then don't bind to this device. */ return -1; } static int usblp_set_protocol(struct usblp *usblp, int protocol) { int r, alts; if (protocol < USBLP_FIRST_PROTOCOL || protocol > USBLP_LAST_PROTOCOL) return -EINVAL; alts = usblp->protocol[protocol].alt_setting; if (alts < 0) return -EINVAL; r = usb_set_interface(usblp->dev, usblp->ifnum, alts); if (r < 0) { printk(KERN_ERR "usblp: can't set desired altsetting %d on interface %d\n", alts, usblp->ifnum); return r; } usblp->bidir = (usblp->protocol[protocol].epread != NULL); usblp->current_protocol = protocol; dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp%d set protocol %d\n", usblp->minor, protocol); return 0; } /* Retrieves and caches device ID string. * Returns length, including length bytes but not null terminator. * On error, returns a negative errno value. */ static int usblp_cache_device_id_string(struct usblp *usblp) { int err, length; err = usblp_get_id(usblp, 0, usblp->device_id_string, USBLP_DEVICE_ID_SIZE - 1); if (err < 0) { dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp%d: error = %d reading IEEE-1284 Device ID string\n", usblp->minor, err); usblp->device_id_string[0] = usblp->device_id_string[1] = '\0'; return -EIO; } /* First two bytes are length in big-endian. * They count themselves, and we copy them into * the user's buffer. */ length = be16_to_cpu(*((__be16 *)usblp->device_id_string)); if (length < 2) length = 2; else if (length >= USBLP_DEVICE_ID_SIZE) length = USBLP_DEVICE_ID_SIZE - 1; usblp->device_id_string[length] = '\0'; dev_dbg(&usblp->intf->dev, "usblp%d Device ID string [len=%d]=\"%s\"\n", usblp->minor, length, &usblp->device_id_string[2]); return length; } static void usblp_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf) { struct usblp *usblp = usb_get_intfdata(intf); usb_deregister_dev(intf, &usblp_class); if (!usblp || !usblp->dev) { dev_err(&intf->dev, "bogus disconnect\n"); BUG(); } mutex_lock(&usblp_mutex); mutex_lock(&usblp->mut); usblp->present = 0; wake_up(&usblp->wwait); wake_up(&usblp->rwait); usb_set_intfdata(intf, NULL); usblp_unlink_urbs(usblp); mutex_unlock(&usblp->mut); if (!usblp->used) usblp_cleanup(usblp); mutex_unlock(&usblp_mutex); } static int usblp_suspend(struct usb_interface *intf, pm_message_t message) { struct usblp *usblp = usb_get_intfdata(intf); usblp_unlink_urbs(usblp); #if 0 /* XXX Do we want this? What if someone is reading, should we fail? */ /* not strictly necessary, but just in case */ wake_up(&usblp->wwait); wake_up(&usblp->rwait); #endif return 0; } static int usblp_resume(struct usb_interface *intf) { struct usblp *usblp = usb_get_intfdata(intf); int r; r = handle_bidir(usblp); return r; } static const struct usb_device_id usblp_ids[] = { { USB_DEVICE_INFO(USB_CLASS_PRINTER, 1, 1) }, { USB_DEVICE_INFO(USB_CLASS_PRINTER, 1, 2) }, { USB_DEVICE_INFO(USB_CLASS_PRINTER, 1, 3) }, { USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_PRINTER, 1, 1) }, { USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_PRINTER, 1, 2) }, { USB_INTERFACE_INFO(USB_CLASS_PRINTER, 1, 3) }, { USB_DEVICE(0x04b8, 0x0202) }, /* Seiko Epson Receipt Printer M129C */ { } /* Terminating entry */ }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, usblp_ids); static struct usb_driver usblp_driver = { .name = "usblp", .probe = usblp_probe, .disconnect = usblp_disconnect, .suspend = usblp_suspend, .resume = usblp_resume, .id_table = usblp_ids, .dev_groups = usblp_groups, .supports_autosuspend = 1, }; module_usb_driver(usblp_driver); MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR); MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC); module_param(proto_bias, int, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR); MODULE_PARM_DESC(proto_bias, "Favourite protocol number"); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
Information contained on this website is for historical information purposes only and does not indicate or represent copyright ownership.
Created with Cregit http://github.com/cregit/cregit
Version 2.0-RC1