Contributors: 32
Author Tokens Token Proportion Commits Commit Proportion
Alan Stern 1601 29.66% 34 35.42%
Greg Kroah-Hartman 881 16.32% 19 19.79%
Thiébaud Weksteen 493 9.13% 1 1.04%
Mathias Nyman 354 6.56% 3 3.12%
Oliver Neukum 343 6.35% 3 3.12%
Sage Sharp 316 5.85% 5 5.21%
Andiry Brienza 222 4.11% 1 1.04%
Iñaky Pérez-González 151 2.80% 1 1.04%
Stefan Koch 138 2.56% 1 1.04%
Robert Love 132 2.45% 1 1.04%
Kevin Strasser 125 2.32% 1 1.04%
David Brownell 109 2.02% 4 4.17%
Lu Baolu 98 1.82% 2 2.08%
Matthew Garrett 84 1.56% 1 1.04%
Craig W. Nadler 80 1.48% 1 1.04%
Vijay Kumar 62 1.15% 1 1.04%
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior 62 1.15% 1 1.04%
Yani Ioannou 35 0.65% 1 1.04%
H Hartley Sweeten 33 0.61% 1 1.04%
Rafael J. Wysocki 15 0.28% 1 1.04%
Alex Kanavin 15 0.28% 1 1.04%
Kai-Heng Feng 13 0.24% 1 1.04%
Lan Tianyu 8 0.15% 2 2.08%
Björn Mork 7 0.13% 1 1.04%
Michal Nazarewicz 5 0.09% 1 1.04%
Chris Wright 5 0.09% 1 1.04%
chenqiwu 3 0.06% 1 1.04%
Paulo Marques 2 0.04% 1 1.04%
Mark Rutland 2 0.04% 1 1.04%
Al Viro 2 0.04% 1 1.04%
Rahul Bedarkar 1 0.02% 1 1.04%
Rob Herring 1 0.02% 1 1.04%
Total 5398 96 


// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * drivers/usb/core/sysfs.c
 *
 * (C) Copyright 2002 David Brownell
 * (C) Copyright 2002,2004 Greg Kroah-Hartman
 * (C) Copyright 2002,2004 IBM Corp.
 *
 * All of the sysfs file attributes for usb devices and interfaces.
 *
 * Released under the GPLv2 only.
 */


#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/usb.h>
#include <linux/usb/hcd.h>
#include <linux/usb/quirks.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include "usb.h"

/* Active configuration fields */
#define usb_actconfig_show(field, format_string)			\
static ssize_t field##_show(struct device *dev,				\
			    struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)	\
{									\
	struct usb_device *udev;					\
	struct usb_host_config *actconfig;				\
	ssize_t rc;							\
									\
	udev = to_usb_device(dev);					\
	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);			\
	if (rc < 0)							\
		return -EINTR;						\
	actconfig = udev->actconfig;					\
	if (actconfig)							\
		rc = sprintf(buf, format_string,			\
				actconfig->desc.field);			\
	usb_unlock_device(udev);					\
	return rc;							\
}									\

#define usb_actconfig_attr(field, format_string)		\
	usb_actconfig_show(field, format_string)		\
	static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(field)

usb_actconfig_attr(bNumInterfaces, "%2d\n");
usb_actconfig_attr(bmAttributes, "%2x\n");

static ssize_t bMaxPower_show(struct device *dev,
		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;
	struct usb_host_config *actconfig;
	ssize_t rc;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;
	actconfig = udev->actconfig;
	if (actconfig)
		rc = sprintf(buf, "%dmA\n", usb_get_max_power(udev, actconfig));
	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return rc;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(bMaxPower);

static ssize_t configuration_show(struct device *dev,
		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;
	struct usb_host_config *actconfig;
	ssize_t rc;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;
	actconfig = udev->actconfig;
	if (actconfig && actconfig->string)
		rc = sprintf(buf, "%s\n", actconfig->string);
	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return rc;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(configuration);

/* configuration value is always present, and r/w */
usb_actconfig_show(bConfigurationValue, "%u\n");

static ssize_t bConfigurationValue_store(struct device *dev,
					 struct device_attribute *attr,
					 const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device	*udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	int			config, value, rc;

	if (sscanf(buf, "%d", &config) != 1 || config < -1 || config > 255)
		return -EINVAL;
	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;
	value = usb_set_configuration(udev, config);
	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return (value < 0) ? value : count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_IGNORE_LOCKDEP(bConfigurationValue, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
		bConfigurationValue_show, bConfigurationValue_store);

#ifdef CONFIG_OF
static ssize_t devspec_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			    char *buf)
{
	struct device_node *of_node = dev->of_node;

	return sprintf(buf, "%pOF\n", of_node);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(devspec);
#endif

/* String fields */
#define usb_string_attr(name)						\
static ssize_t  name##_show(struct device *dev,				\
		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)		\
{									\
	struct usb_device *udev;					\
	int retval;							\
									\
	udev = to_usb_device(dev);					\
	retval = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);			\
	if (retval < 0)							\
		return -EINTR;						\
	retval = sprintf(buf, "%s\n", udev->name);			\
	usb_unlock_device(udev);					\
	return retval;							\
}									\
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(name)

usb_string_attr(product);
usb_string_attr(manufacturer);
usb_string_attr(serial);

static ssize_t speed_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			  char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;
	char *speed;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);

	switch (udev->speed) {
	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
		speed = "1.5";
		break;
	case USB_SPEED_UNKNOWN:
	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
		speed = "12";
		break;
	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
		speed = "480";
		break;
	case USB_SPEED_WIRELESS:
		speed = "480";
		break;
	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
		speed = "5000";
		break;
	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
		speed = "10000";
		break;
	default:
		speed = "unknown";
	}
	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", speed);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(speed);

static ssize_t rx_lanes_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			  char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->rx_lanes);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(rx_lanes);

static ssize_t tx_lanes_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			  char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->tx_lanes);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(tx_lanes);

static ssize_t busnum_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			   char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->bus->busnum);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(busnum);

static ssize_t devnum_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			   char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->devnum);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(devnum);

static ssize_t devpath_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			    char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", udev->devpath);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(devpath);

static ssize_t version_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			    char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;
	u16 bcdUSB;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	bcdUSB = le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.bcdUSB);
	return sprintf(buf, "%2x.%02x\n", bcdUSB >> 8, bcdUSB & 0xff);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(version);

static ssize_t maxchild_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			     char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->maxchild);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(maxchild);

static ssize_t quirks_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			   char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", udev->quirks);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(quirks);

static ssize_t avoid_reset_quirk_show(struct device *dev,
				      struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(udev->quirks & USB_QUIRK_RESET));
}

static ssize_t avoid_reset_quirk_store(struct device *dev,
				      struct device_attribute *attr,
				      const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device	*udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	int			val, rc;

	if (sscanf(buf, "%d", &val) != 1 || val < 0 || val > 1)
		return -EINVAL;
	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;
	if (val)
		udev->quirks |= USB_QUIRK_RESET;
	else
		udev->quirks &= ~USB_QUIRK_RESET;
	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(avoid_reset_quirk);

static ssize_t urbnum_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			   char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", atomic_read(&udev->urbnum));
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(urbnum);

static ssize_t removable_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			      char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev;
	char *state;

	udev = to_usb_device(dev);

	switch (udev->removable) {
	case USB_DEVICE_REMOVABLE:
		state = "removable";
		break;
	case USB_DEVICE_FIXED:
		state = "fixed";
		break;
	default:
		state = "unknown";
	}

	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", state);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(removable);

static ssize_t ltm_capable_show(struct device *dev,
				struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	if (usb_device_supports_ltm(to_usb_device(dev)))
		return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", "yes");
	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", "no");
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(ltm_capable);

#ifdef	CONFIG_PM

static ssize_t persist_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			    char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);

	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->persist_enabled);
}

static ssize_t persist_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			     const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	int value, rc;

	/* Hubs are always enabled for USB_PERSIST */
	if (udev->descriptor.bDeviceClass == USB_CLASS_HUB)
		return -EPERM;

	if (sscanf(buf, "%d", &value) != 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;
	udev->persist_enabled = !!value;
	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(persist);

static int add_persist_attributes(struct device *dev)
{
	int rc = 0;

	if (is_usb_device(dev)) {
		struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);

		/* Hubs are automatically enabled for USB_PERSIST,
		 * no point in creating the attribute file.
		 */
		if (udev->descriptor.bDeviceClass != USB_CLASS_HUB)
			rc = sysfs_add_file_to_group(&dev->kobj,
					&dev_attr_persist.attr,
					power_group_name);
	}
	return rc;
}

static void remove_persist_attributes(struct device *dev)
{
	sysfs_remove_file_from_group(&dev->kobj,
			&dev_attr_persist.attr,
			power_group_name);
}

static ssize_t connected_duration_show(struct device *dev,
				       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);

	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n",
			jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies - udev->connect_time));
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(connected_duration);

/*
 * If the device is resumed, the last time the device was suspended has
 * been pre-subtracted from active_duration.  We add the current time to
 * get the duration that the device was actually active.
 *
 * If the device is suspended, the active_duration is up-to-date.
 */
static ssize_t active_duration_show(struct device *dev,
				    struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	int duration;

	if (udev->state != USB_STATE_SUSPENDED)
		duration = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies + udev->active_duration);
	else
		duration = jiffies_to_msecs(udev->active_duration);
	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", duration);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(active_duration);

static ssize_t autosuspend_show(struct device *dev,
				struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", dev->power.autosuspend_delay / 1000);
}

static ssize_t autosuspend_store(struct device *dev,
				 struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf,
				 size_t count)
{
	int value;

	if (sscanf(buf, "%d", &value) != 1 || value >= INT_MAX/1000 ||
			value <= -INT_MAX/1000)
		return -EINVAL;

	pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(dev, value * 1000);
	return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(autosuspend);

static const char on_string[] = "on";
static const char auto_string[] = "auto";

static void warn_level(void)
{
	static int level_warned;

	if (!level_warned) {
		level_warned = 1;
		printk(KERN_WARNING "WARNING! power/level is deprecated; "
				"use power/control instead\n");
	}
}

static ssize_t level_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			  char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	const char *p = auto_string;

	warn_level();
	if (udev->state != USB_STATE_SUSPENDED && !udev->dev.power.runtime_auto)
		p = on_string;
	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", p);
}

static ssize_t level_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			   const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	int len = count;
	char *cp;
	int rc = count;
	int rv;

	warn_level();
	cp = memchr(buf, '\n', count);
	if (cp)
		len = cp - buf;

	rv = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rv < 0)
		return -EINTR;

	if (len == sizeof on_string - 1 &&
			strncmp(buf, on_string, len) == 0)
		usb_disable_autosuspend(udev);

	else if (len == sizeof auto_string - 1 &&
			strncmp(buf, auto_string, len) == 0)
		usb_enable_autosuspend(udev);

	else
		rc = -EINVAL;

	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return rc;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(level);

static ssize_t usb2_hardware_lpm_show(struct device *dev,
				      struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	const char *p;

	if (udev->usb2_hw_lpm_allowed == 1)
		p = "enabled";
	else
		p = "disabled";

	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", p);
}

static ssize_t usb2_hardware_lpm_store(struct device *dev,
				       struct device_attribute *attr,
				       const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	bool value;
	int ret;

	ret = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (ret < 0)
		return -EINTR;

	ret = strtobool(buf, &value);

	if (!ret) {
		udev->usb2_hw_lpm_allowed = value;
		if (value)
			ret = usb_enable_usb2_hardware_lpm(udev);
		else
			ret = usb_disable_usb2_hardware_lpm(udev);
	}

	usb_unlock_device(udev);

	if (!ret)
		return count;

	return ret;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(usb2_hardware_lpm);

static ssize_t usb2_lpm_l1_timeout_show(struct device *dev,
					struct device_attribute *attr,
					char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->l1_params.timeout);
}

static ssize_t usb2_lpm_l1_timeout_store(struct device *dev,
					 struct device_attribute *attr,
					 const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	u16 timeout;

	if (kstrtou16(buf, 0, &timeout))
		return -EINVAL;

	udev->l1_params.timeout = timeout;

	return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(usb2_lpm_l1_timeout);

static ssize_t usb2_lpm_besl_show(struct device *dev,
				  struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", udev->l1_params.besl);
}

static ssize_t usb2_lpm_besl_store(struct device *dev,
				   struct device_attribute *attr,
				   const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	u8 besl;

	if (kstrtou8(buf, 0, &besl) || besl > 15)
		return -EINVAL;

	udev->l1_params.besl = besl;

	return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(usb2_lpm_besl);

static ssize_t usb3_hardware_lpm_u1_show(struct device *dev,
				      struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	const char *p;
	int rc;

	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;

	if (udev->usb3_lpm_u1_enabled)
		p = "enabled";
	else
		p = "disabled";

	usb_unlock_device(udev);

	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", p);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(usb3_hardware_lpm_u1);

static ssize_t usb3_hardware_lpm_u2_show(struct device *dev,
				      struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	const char *p;
	int rc;

	rc = usb_lock_device_interruptible(udev);
	if (rc < 0)
		return -EINTR;

	if (udev->usb3_lpm_u2_enabled)
		p = "enabled";
	else
		p = "disabled";

	usb_unlock_device(udev);

	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", p);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(usb3_hardware_lpm_u2);

static struct attribute *usb2_hardware_lpm_attr[] = {
	&dev_attr_usb2_hardware_lpm.attr,
	&dev_attr_usb2_lpm_l1_timeout.attr,
	&dev_attr_usb2_lpm_besl.attr,
	NULL,
};
static struct attribute_group usb2_hardware_lpm_attr_group = {
	.name	= power_group_name,
	.attrs	= usb2_hardware_lpm_attr,
};

static struct attribute *usb3_hardware_lpm_attr[] = {
	&dev_attr_usb3_hardware_lpm_u1.attr,
	&dev_attr_usb3_hardware_lpm_u2.attr,
	NULL,
};
static struct attribute_group usb3_hardware_lpm_attr_group = {
	.name	= power_group_name,
	.attrs	= usb3_hardware_lpm_attr,
};

static struct attribute *power_attrs[] = {
	&dev_attr_autosuspend.attr,
	&dev_attr_level.attr,
	&dev_attr_connected_duration.attr,
	&dev_attr_active_duration.attr,
	NULL,
};
static struct attribute_group power_attr_group = {
	.name	= power_group_name,
	.attrs	= power_attrs,
};

static int add_power_attributes(struct device *dev)
{
	int rc = 0;

	if (is_usb_device(dev)) {
		struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
		rc = sysfs_merge_group(&dev->kobj, &power_attr_group);
		if (udev->usb2_hw_lpm_capable == 1)
			rc = sysfs_merge_group(&dev->kobj,
					&usb2_hardware_lpm_attr_group);
		if ((udev->speed == USB_SPEED_SUPER ||
		     udev->speed == USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS) &&
				udev->lpm_capable == 1)
			rc = sysfs_merge_group(&dev->kobj,
					&usb3_hardware_lpm_attr_group);
	}

	return rc;
}

static void remove_power_attributes(struct device *dev)
{
	sysfs_unmerge_group(&dev->kobj, &usb2_hardware_lpm_attr_group);
	sysfs_unmerge_group(&dev->kobj, &power_attr_group);
}

#else

#define add_persist_attributes(dev)	0
#define remove_persist_attributes(dev)	do {} while (0)

#define add_power_attributes(dev)	0
#define remove_power_attributes(dev)	do {} while (0)

#endif	/* CONFIG_PM */


/* Descriptor fields */
#define usb_descriptor_attr_le16(field, format_string)			\
static ssize_t								\
field##_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,	\
		char *buf)						\
{									\
	struct usb_device *udev;					\
									\
	udev = to_usb_device(dev);					\
	return sprintf(buf, format_string, 				\
			le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.field));		\
}									\
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(field)

usb_descriptor_attr_le16(idVendor, "%04x\n");
usb_descriptor_attr_le16(idProduct, "%04x\n");
usb_descriptor_attr_le16(bcdDevice, "%04x\n");

#define usb_descriptor_attr(field, format_string)			\
static ssize_t								\
field##_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,	\
		char *buf)						\
{									\
	struct usb_device *udev;					\
									\
	udev = to_usb_device(dev);					\
	return sprintf(buf, format_string, udev->descriptor.field);	\
}									\
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(field)

usb_descriptor_attr(bDeviceClass, "%02x\n");
usb_descriptor_attr(bDeviceSubClass, "%02x\n");
usb_descriptor_attr(bDeviceProtocol, "%02x\n");
usb_descriptor_attr(bNumConfigurations, "%d\n");
usb_descriptor_attr(bMaxPacketSize0, "%d\n");


/* show if the device is authorized (1) or not (0) */
static ssize_t authorized_show(struct device *dev,
			       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = to_usb_device(dev);
	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", usb_dev->authorized);
}

/*
 * Authorize a device to be used in the system
 *
 * Writing a 0 deauthorizes the device, writing a 1 authorizes it.
 */
static ssize_t authorized_store(struct device *dev,
				struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf,
				size_t size)
{
	ssize_t result;
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = to_usb_device(dev);
	unsigned val;
	result = sscanf(buf, "%u\n", &val);
	if (result != 1)
		result = -EINVAL;
	else if (val == 0)
		result = usb_deauthorize_device(usb_dev);
	else
		result = usb_authorize_device(usb_dev);
	return result < 0 ? result : size;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_IGNORE_LOCKDEP(authorized, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
				  authorized_show, authorized_store);

/* "Safely remove a device" */
static ssize_t remove_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			    const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	int rc = 0;

	usb_lock_device(udev);
	if (udev->state != USB_STATE_NOTATTACHED) {

		/* To avoid races, first unconfigure and then remove */
		usb_set_configuration(udev, -1);
		rc = usb_remove_device(udev);
	}
	if (rc == 0)
		rc = count;
	usb_unlock_device(udev);
	return rc;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_IGNORE_LOCKDEP(remove, S_IWUSR, NULL, remove_store);


static struct attribute *dev_attrs[] = {
	/* current configuration's attributes */
	&dev_attr_configuration.attr,
	&dev_attr_bNumInterfaces.attr,
	&dev_attr_bConfigurationValue.attr,
	&dev_attr_bmAttributes.attr,
	&dev_attr_bMaxPower.attr,
	/* device attributes */
	&dev_attr_urbnum.attr,
	&dev_attr_idVendor.attr,
	&dev_attr_idProduct.attr,
	&dev_attr_bcdDevice.attr,
	&dev_attr_bDeviceClass.attr,
	&dev_attr_bDeviceSubClass.attr,
	&dev_attr_bDeviceProtocol.attr,
	&dev_attr_bNumConfigurations.attr,
	&dev_attr_bMaxPacketSize0.attr,
	&dev_attr_speed.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_lanes.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_lanes.attr,
	&dev_attr_busnum.attr,
	&dev_attr_devnum.attr,
	&dev_attr_devpath.attr,
	&dev_attr_version.attr,
	&dev_attr_maxchild.attr,
	&dev_attr_quirks.attr,
	&dev_attr_avoid_reset_quirk.attr,
	&dev_attr_authorized.attr,
	&dev_attr_remove.attr,
	&dev_attr_removable.attr,
	&dev_attr_ltm_capable.attr,
#ifdef CONFIG_OF
	&dev_attr_devspec.attr,
#endif
	NULL,
};
static struct attribute_group dev_attr_grp = {
	.attrs = dev_attrs,
};

/* When modifying this list, be sure to modify dev_string_attrs_are_visible()
 * accordingly.
 */
static struct attribute *dev_string_attrs[] = {
	&dev_attr_manufacturer.attr,
	&dev_attr_product.attr,
	&dev_attr_serial.attr,
	NULL
};

static umode_t dev_string_attrs_are_visible(struct kobject *kobj,
		struct attribute *a, int n)
{
	struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);

	if (a == &dev_attr_manufacturer.attr) {
		if (udev->manufacturer == NULL)
			return 0;
	} else if (a == &dev_attr_product.attr) {
		if (udev->product == NULL)
			return 0;
	} else if (a == &dev_attr_serial.attr) {
		if (udev->serial == NULL)
			return 0;
	}
	return a->mode;
}

static struct attribute_group dev_string_attr_grp = {
	.attrs =	dev_string_attrs,
	.is_visible =	dev_string_attrs_are_visible,
};

const struct attribute_group *usb_device_groups[] = {
	&dev_attr_grp,
	&dev_string_attr_grp,
	NULL
};

/* Binary descriptors */

static ssize_t
read_descriptors(struct file *filp, struct kobject *kobj,
		struct bin_attribute *attr,
		char *buf, loff_t off, size_t count)
{
	struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
	struct usb_device *udev = to_usb_device(dev);
	size_t nleft = count;
	size_t srclen, n;
	int cfgno;
	void *src;

	/* The binary attribute begins with the device descriptor.
	 * Following that are the raw descriptor entries for all the
	 * configurations (config plus subsidiary descriptors).
	 */
	for (cfgno = -1; cfgno < udev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations &&
			nleft > 0; ++cfgno) {
		if (cfgno < 0) {
			src = &udev->descriptor;
			srclen = sizeof(struct usb_device_descriptor);
		} else {
			src = udev->rawdescriptors[cfgno];
			srclen = __le16_to_cpu(udev->config[cfgno].desc.
					wTotalLength);
		}
		if (off < srclen) {
			n = min(nleft, srclen - (size_t) off);
			memcpy(buf, src + off, n);
			nleft -= n;
			buf += n;
			off = 0;
		} else {
			off -= srclen;
		}
	}
	return count - nleft;
}

static struct bin_attribute dev_bin_attr_descriptors = {
	.attr = {.name = "descriptors", .mode = 0444},
	.read = read_descriptors,
	.size = 18 + 65535,	/* dev descr + max-size raw descriptor */
};

/*
 * Show & store the current value of authorized_default
 */
static ssize_t authorized_default_show(struct device *dev,
				       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *rh_usb_dev = to_usb_device(dev);
	struct usb_bus *usb_bus = rh_usb_dev->bus;
	struct usb_hcd *hcd;

	hcd = bus_to_hcd(usb_bus);
	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", hcd->dev_policy);
}

static ssize_t authorized_default_store(struct device *dev,
					struct device_attribute *attr,
					const char *buf, size_t size)
{
	ssize_t result;
	unsigned int val;
	struct usb_device *rh_usb_dev = to_usb_device(dev);
	struct usb_bus *usb_bus = rh_usb_dev->bus;
	struct usb_hcd *hcd;

	hcd = bus_to_hcd(usb_bus);
	result = sscanf(buf, "%u\n", &val);
	if (result == 1) {
		hcd->dev_policy = val <= USB_DEVICE_AUTHORIZE_INTERNAL ?
			val : USB_DEVICE_AUTHORIZE_ALL;
		result = size;
	} else {
		result = -EINVAL;
	}
	return result;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(authorized_default);

/*
 * interface_authorized_default_show - show default authorization status
 * for USB interfaces
 *
 * note: interface_authorized_default is the default value
 *       for initializing the authorized attribute of interfaces
 */
static ssize_t interface_authorized_default_show(struct device *dev,
		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = to_usb_device(dev);
	struct usb_hcd *hcd = bus_to_hcd(usb_dev->bus);

	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", !!HCD_INTF_AUTHORIZED(hcd));
}

/*
 * interface_authorized_default_store - store default authorization status
 * for USB interfaces
 *
 * note: interface_authorized_default is the default value
 *       for initializing the authorized attribute of interfaces
 */
static ssize_t interface_authorized_default_store(struct device *dev,
		struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = to_usb_device(dev);
	struct usb_hcd *hcd = bus_to_hcd(usb_dev->bus);
	int rc = count;
	bool val;

	if (strtobool(buf, &val) != 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (val)
		set_bit(HCD_FLAG_INTF_AUTHORIZED, &hcd->flags);
	else
		clear_bit(HCD_FLAG_INTF_AUTHORIZED, &hcd->flags);

	return rc;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(interface_authorized_default);

/* Group all the USB bus attributes */
static struct attribute *usb_bus_attrs[] = {
		&dev_attr_authorized_default.attr,
		&dev_attr_interface_authorized_default.attr,
		NULL,
};

static const struct attribute_group usb_bus_attr_group = {
	.name = NULL,	/* we want them in the same directory */
	.attrs = usb_bus_attrs,
};


static int add_default_authorized_attributes(struct device *dev)
{
	int rc = 0;

	if (is_usb_device(dev))
		rc = sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &usb_bus_attr_group);

	return rc;
}

static void remove_default_authorized_attributes(struct device *dev)
{
	if (is_usb_device(dev)) {
		sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &usb_bus_attr_group);
	}
}

int usb_create_sysfs_dev_files(struct usb_device *udev)
{
	struct device *dev = &udev->dev;
	int retval;

	retval = device_create_bin_file(dev, &dev_bin_attr_descriptors);
	if (retval)
		goto error;

	retval = add_persist_attributes(dev);
	if (retval)
		goto error;

	retval = add_power_attributes(dev);
	if (retval)
		goto error;

	if (is_root_hub(udev)) {
		retval = add_default_authorized_attributes(dev);
		if (retval)
			goto error;
	}
	return retval;

error:
	usb_remove_sysfs_dev_files(udev);
	return retval;
}

void usb_remove_sysfs_dev_files(struct usb_device *udev)
{
	struct device *dev = &udev->dev;

	if (is_root_hub(udev))
		remove_default_authorized_attributes(dev);

	remove_power_attributes(dev);
	remove_persist_attributes(dev);
	device_remove_bin_file(dev, &dev_bin_attr_descriptors);
}

/* Interface Association Descriptor fields */
#define usb_intf_assoc_attr(field, format_string)			\
static ssize_t								\
iad_##field##_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,	\
		char *buf)						\
{									\
	struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev);		\
									\
	return sprintf(buf, format_string,				\
			intf->intf_assoc->field); 			\
}									\
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(iad_##field)

usb_intf_assoc_attr(bFirstInterface, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_assoc_attr(bInterfaceCount, "%02d\n");
usb_intf_assoc_attr(bFunctionClass, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_assoc_attr(bFunctionSubClass, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_assoc_attr(bFunctionProtocol, "%02x\n");

/* Interface fields */
#define usb_intf_attr(field, format_string)				\
static ssize_t								\
field##_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,		\
		char *buf)						\
{									\
	struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev);		\
									\
	return sprintf(buf, format_string,				\
			intf->cur_altsetting->desc.field); 		\
}									\
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(field)

usb_intf_attr(bInterfaceNumber, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_attr(bAlternateSetting, "%2d\n");
usb_intf_attr(bNumEndpoints, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_attr(bInterfaceClass, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_attr(bInterfaceSubClass, "%02x\n");
usb_intf_attr(bInterfaceProtocol, "%02x\n");

static ssize_t interface_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			      char *buf)
{
	struct usb_interface *intf;
	char *string;

	intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
	string = READ_ONCE(intf->cur_altsetting->string);
	if (!string)
		return 0;
	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", string);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(interface);

static ssize_t modalias_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
			     char *buf)
{
	struct usb_interface *intf;
	struct usb_device *udev;
	struct usb_host_interface *alt;

	intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
	udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
	alt = READ_ONCE(intf->cur_altsetting);

	return sprintf(buf, "usb:v%04Xp%04Xd%04Xdc%02Xdsc%02Xdp%02X"
			"ic%02Xisc%02Xip%02Xin%02X\n",
			le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idVendor),
			le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.idProduct),
			le16_to_cpu(udev->descriptor.bcdDevice),
			udev->descriptor.bDeviceClass,
			udev->descriptor.bDeviceSubClass,
			udev->descriptor.bDeviceProtocol,
			alt->desc.bInterfaceClass,
			alt->desc.bInterfaceSubClass,
			alt->desc.bInterfaceProtocol,
			alt->desc.bInterfaceNumber);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(modalias);

static ssize_t supports_autosuspend_show(struct device *dev,
					 struct device_attribute *attr,
					 char *buf)
{
	int s;

	s = device_lock_interruptible(dev);
	if (s < 0)
		return -EINTR;
	/* Devices will be autosuspended even when an interface isn't claimed */
	s = (!dev->driver || to_usb_driver(dev->driver)->supports_autosuspend);
	device_unlock(dev);

	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", s);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(supports_autosuspend);

/*
 * interface_authorized_show - show authorization status of an USB interface
 * 1 is authorized, 0 is deauthorized
 */
static ssize_t interface_authorized_show(struct device *dev,
		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
	struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev);

	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", intf->authorized);
}

/*
 * interface_authorized_store - authorize or deauthorize an USB interface
 */
static ssize_t interface_authorized_store(struct device *dev,
		struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
	bool val;

	if (strtobool(buf, &val) != 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (val)
		usb_authorize_interface(intf);
	else
		usb_deauthorize_interface(intf);

	return count;
}
static struct device_attribute dev_attr_interface_authorized =
		__ATTR(authorized, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
		interface_authorized_show, interface_authorized_store);

static struct attribute *intf_attrs[] = {
	&dev_attr_bInterfaceNumber.attr,
	&dev_attr_bAlternateSetting.attr,
	&dev_attr_bNumEndpoints.attr,
	&dev_attr_bInterfaceClass.attr,
	&dev_attr_bInterfaceSubClass.attr,
	&dev_attr_bInterfaceProtocol.attr,
	&dev_attr_modalias.attr,
	&dev_attr_supports_autosuspend.attr,
	&dev_attr_interface_authorized.attr,
	NULL,
};
static struct attribute_group intf_attr_grp = {
	.attrs = intf_attrs,
};

static struct attribute *intf_assoc_attrs[] = {
	&dev_attr_iad_bFirstInterface.attr,
	&dev_attr_iad_bInterfaceCount.attr,
	&dev_attr_iad_bFunctionClass.attr,
	&dev_attr_iad_bFunctionSubClass.attr,
	&dev_attr_iad_bFunctionProtocol.attr,
	NULL,
};

static umode_t intf_assoc_attrs_are_visible(struct kobject *kobj,
		struct attribute *a, int n)
{
	struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
	struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev);

	if (intf->intf_assoc == NULL)
		return 0;
	return a->mode;
}

static struct attribute_group intf_assoc_attr_grp = {
	.attrs =	intf_assoc_attrs,
	.is_visible =	intf_assoc_attrs_are_visible,
};

const struct attribute_group *usb_interface_groups[] = {
	&intf_attr_grp,
	&intf_assoc_attr_grp,
	NULL
};

void usb_create_sysfs_intf_files(struct usb_interface *intf)
{
	struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
	struct usb_host_interface *alt = intf->cur_altsetting;

	if (intf->sysfs_files_created || intf->unregistering)
		return;

	if (!alt->string && !(udev->quirks & USB_QUIRK_CONFIG_INTF_STRINGS))
		alt->string = usb_cache_string(udev, alt->desc.iInterface);
	if (alt->string && device_create_file(&intf->dev, &dev_attr_interface)) {
		/* This is not a serious error */
		dev_dbg(&intf->dev, "interface string descriptor file not created\n");
	}
	intf->sysfs_files_created = 1;
}

void usb_remove_sysfs_intf_files(struct usb_interface *intf)
{
	if (!intf->sysfs_files_created)
		return;

	device_remove_file(&intf->dev, &dev_attr_interface);
	intf->sysfs_files_created = 0;
}