Contributors: 12
Author Tokens Token Proportion Commits Commit Proportion
Lothar Rubusch 1136 53.97% 8 30.77%
Eva Rachel Retuya 610 28.98% 3 11.54%
Akinobu Mita 273 12.97% 3 11.54%
Andy Shevchenko 31 1.47% 3 11.54%
Alexandru Ardelean 24 1.14% 1 3.85%
Biju Das 19 0.90% 2 7.69%
Dmitry Rokosov 5 0.24% 1 3.85%
Lars-Peter Clausen 2 0.10% 1 3.85%
Jonathan Cameron 2 0.10% 1 3.85%
Thomas Gleixner 1 0.05% 1 3.85%
Alexander A. Klimov 1 0.05% 1 3.85%
Peter Zijlstra 1 0.05% 1 3.85%
Total 2105 26 


// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * ADXL345 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer IIO core driver
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Eva Rachel Retuya <eraretuya@gmail.com>
 *
 * Datasheet: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADXL345.pdf
 */

#include <linux/bitfield.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/property.h>
#include <linux/regmap.h>
#include <linux/units.h>

#include <linux/iio/iio.h>
#include <linux/iio/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/iio/buffer.h>
#include <linux/iio/kfifo_buf.h>

#include "adxl345.h"

#define ADXL345_FIFO_BYPASS	0
#define ADXL345_FIFO_FIFO	1
#define ADXL345_FIFO_STREAM	2

#define ADXL345_DIRS 3

#define ADXL345_INT_NONE		0xff
#define ADXL345_INT1			0
#define ADXL345_INT2			1

struct adxl345_state {
	const struct adxl345_chip_info *info;
	struct regmap *regmap;
	bool fifo_delay; /* delay: delay is needed for SPI */
	int irq;
	u8 intio;
	u8 int_map;
	u8 watermark;
	u8 fifo_mode;
	__le16 fifo_buf[ADXL345_DIRS * ADXL345_FIFO_SIZE + 1] __aligned(IIO_DMA_MINALIGN);
};

#define ADXL345_CHANNEL(index, reg, axis) {					\
	.type = IIO_ACCEL,						\
	.modified = 1,							\
	.channel2 = IIO_MOD_##axis,					\
	.address = (reg),						\
	.info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) |			\
		BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS),				\
	.info_mask_shared_by_type = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE) |		\
		BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ),				\
	.scan_index = (index),				\
	.scan_type = {					\
		.sign = 's',				\
		.realbits = 13,				\
		.storagebits = 16,			\
		.endianness = IIO_LE,			\
	},						\
}

enum adxl345_chans {
	chan_x, chan_y, chan_z,
};

static const struct iio_chan_spec adxl345_channels[] = {
	ADXL345_CHANNEL(0, chan_x, X),
	ADXL345_CHANNEL(1, chan_y, Y),
	ADXL345_CHANNEL(2, chan_z, Z),
};

static const unsigned long adxl345_scan_masks[] = {
	BIT(chan_x) | BIT(chan_y) | BIT(chan_z),
	0
};

static int adxl345_set_interrupts(struct adxl345_state *st)
{
	int ret;
	unsigned int int_enable = st->int_map;
	unsigned int int_map;

	/*
	 * Any bits set to 0 in the INT map register send their respective
	 * interrupts to the INT1 pin, whereas bits set to 1 send their respective
	 * interrupts to the INT2 pin. The intio shall convert this accordingly.
	 */
	int_map = FIELD_GET(ADXL345_REG_INT_SOURCE_MSK,
			    st->intio ? st->int_map : ~st->int_map);

	ret = regmap_write(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_INT_MAP, int_map);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	return regmap_write(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_INT_ENABLE, int_enable);
}

static int adxl345_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
			    struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
			    int *val, int *val2, long mask)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	__le16 accel;
	long long samp_freq_nhz;
	unsigned int regval;
	int ret;

	switch (mask) {
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW:
		/*
		 * Data is stored in adjacent registers:
		 * ADXL345_REG_DATA(X0/Y0/Z0) contain the least significant byte
		 * and ADXL345_REG_DATA(X0/Y0/Z0) + 1 the most significant byte
		 */
		ret = regmap_bulk_read(st->regmap,
				       ADXL345_REG_DATA_AXIS(chan->address),
				       &accel, sizeof(accel));
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;

		*val = sign_extend32(le16_to_cpu(accel), 12);
		return IIO_VAL_INT;
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
		*val = 0;
		*val2 = st->info->uscale;
		return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_MICRO;
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS:
		ret = regmap_read(st->regmap,
				  ADXL345_REG_OFS_AXIS(chan->address), &regval);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;
		/*
		 * 8-bit resolution at +/- 2g, that is 4x accel data scale
		 * factor
		 */
		*val = sign_extend32(regval, 7) * 4;

		return IIO_VAL_INT;
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ:
		ret = regmap_read(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_BW_RATE, &regval);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;

		samp_freq_nhz = ADXL345_BASE_RATE_NANO_HZ <<
				(regval & ADXL345_BW_RATE);
		*val = div_s64_rem(samp_freq_nhz, NANOHZ_PER_HZ, val2);

		return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_NANO;
	}

	return -EINVAL;
}

static int adxl345_write_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
			     struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
			     int val, int val2, long mask)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	s64 n;

	switch (mask) {
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS:
		/*
		 * 8-bit resolution at +/- 2g, that is 4x accel data scale
		 * factor
		 */
		return regmap_write(st->regmap,
				    ADXL345_REG_OFS_AXIS(chan->address),
				    val / 4);
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ:
		n = div_s64(val * NANOHZ_PER_HZ + val2,
			    ADXL345_BASE_RATE_NANO_HZ);

		return regmap_update_bits(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_BW_RATE,
					  ADXL345_BW_RATE,
					  clamp_val(ilog2(n), 0,
						    ADXL345_BW_RATE));
	}

	return -EINVAL;
}

static int adxl345_set_watermark(struct iio_dev *indio_dev, unsigned int value)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	unsigned int fifo_mask = 0x1F;
	int ret;

	value = min(value, ADXL345_FIFO_SIZE - 1);

	ret = regmap_update_bits(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_FIFO_CTL, fifo_mask, value);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	st->watermark = value;
	st->int_map |= ADXL345_INT_WATERMARK;

	return 0;
}

static int adxl345_write_raw_get_fmt(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
				     struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
				     long mask)
{
	switch (mask) {
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS:
		return IIO_VAL_INT;
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ:
		return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_NANO;
	default:
		return -EINVAL;
	}
}

/**
 * adxl345_set_measure_en() - Enable and disable measuring.
 *
 * @st: The device data.
 * @en: Enable measurements, else standby mode.
 *
 * For lowest power operation, standby mode can be used. In standby mode,
 * current consumption is supposed to be reduced to 0.1uA (typical). In this
 * mode no measurements are made. Placing the device into standby mode
 * preserves the contents of FIFO.
 *
 * Return: Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error value.
 */
static int adxl345_set_measure_en(struct adxl345_state *st, bool en)
{
	unsigned int val = en ? ADXL345_POWER_CTL_MEASURE : ADXL345_POWER_CTL_STANDBY;

	return regmap_write(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_POWER_CTL, val);
}

static void adxl345_powerdown(void *ptr)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = ptr;

	adxl345_set_measure_en(st, false);
}

static IIO_CONST_ATTR_SAMP_FREQ_AVAIL(
"0.09765625 0.1953125 0.390625 0.78125 1.5625 3.125 6.25 12.5 25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200"
);

static struct attribute *adxl345_attrs[] = {
	&iio_const_attr_sampling_frequency_available.dev_attr.attr,
	NULL
};

static const struct attribute_group adxl345_attrs_group = {
	.attrs = adxl345_attrs,
};

static int adxl345_set_fifo(struct adxl345_state *st)
{
	int ret;

	/* FIFO should only be configured while in standby mode */
	ret = adxl345_set_measure_en(st, false);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = regmap_write(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_FIFO_CTL,
			   FIELD_PREP(ADXL345_FIFO_CTL_SAMPLES_MSK,
				      st->watermark) |
			   FIELD_PREP(ADXL345_FIFO_CTL_TRIGGER_MSK,
				      st->intio) |
			   FIELD_PREP(ADXL345_FIFO_CTL_MODE_MSK,
				      st->fifo_mode));
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	return adxl345_set_measure_en(st, true);
}

/**
 * adxl345_get_samples() - Read number of FIFO entries.
 * @st: The initialized state instance of this driver.
 *
 * The sensor does not support treating any axis individually, or exclude them
 * from measuring.
 *
 * Return: negative error, or value.
 */
static int adxl345_get_samples(struct adxl345_state *st)
{
	unsigned int regval = 0;
	int ret;

	ret = regmap_read(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_FIFO_STATUS, &regval);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	return FIELD_GET(ADXL345_REG_FIFO_STATUS_MSK, regval);
}

/**
 * adxl345_fifo_transfer() - Read samples number of elements.
 * @st: The instance of the state object of this sensor.
 * @samples: The number of lines in the FIFO referred to as fifo_entry.
 *
 * It is recommended that a multiple-byte read of all registers be performed to
 * prevent a change in data between reads of sequential registers. That is to
 * read out the data registers X0, X1, Y0, Y1, Z0, Z1, i.e. 6 bytes at once.
 *
 * Return: 0 or error value.
 */
static int adxl345_fifo_transfer(struct adxl345_state *st, int samples)
{
	size_t count;
	int i, ret = 0;

	/* count is the 3x the fifo_buf element size, hence 6B */
	count = sizeof(st->fifo_buf[0]) * ADXL345_DIRS;
	for (i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
		/* read 3x 2 byte elements from base address into next fifo_buf position */
		ret = regmap_bulk_read(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_XYZ_BASE,
				       st->fifo_buf + (i * count / 2), count);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;

		/*
		 * To ensure that the FIFO has completely popped, there must be at least 5
		 * us between the end of reading the data registers, signified by the
		 * transition to register 0x38 from 0x37 or the CS pin going high, and the
		 * start of new reads of the FIFO or reading the FIFO_STATUS register. For
		 * SPI operation at 1.5 MHz or lower, the register addressing portion of the
		 * transmission is sufficient delay to ensure the FIFO has completely
		 * popped. It is necessary for SPI operation greater than 1.5 MHz to
		 * de-assert the CS pin to ensure a total of 5 us, which is at most 3.4 us
		 * at 5 MHz operation.
		 */
		if (st->fifo_delay && samples > 1)
			udelay(3);
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * adxl345_fifo_reset() - Empty the FIFO in error condition.
 * @st: The instance to the state object of the sensor.
 *
 * Read all elements of the FIFO. Reading the interrupt source register
 * resets the sensor.
 */
static void adxl345_fifo_reset(struct adxl345_state *st)
{
	int regval;
	int samples;

	adxl345_set_measure_en(st, false);

	samples = adxl345_get_samples(st);
	if (samples > 0)
		adxl345_fifo_transfer(st, samples);

	regmap_read(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_INT_SOURCE, &regval);

	adxl345_set_measure_en(st, true);
}

static int adxl345_buffer_postenable(struct iio_dev *indio_dev)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	int ret;

	ret = adxl345_set_interrupts(st);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	st->fifo_mode = ADXL345_FIFO_STREAM;
	return adxl345_set_fifo(st);
}

static int adxl345_buffer_predisable(struct iio_dev *indio_dev)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	int ret;

	st->fifo_mode = ADXL345_FIFO_BYPASS;
	ret = adxl345_set_fifo(st);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	st->int_map = 0x00;
	return adxl345_set_interrupts(st);
}

static const struct iio_buffer_setup_ops adxl345_buffer_ops = {
	.postenable = adxl345_buffer_postenable,
	.predisable = adxl345_buffer_predisable,
};

static int adxl345_get_status(struct adxl345_state *st)
{
	int ret;
	unsigned int regval;

	ret = regmap_read(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_INT_SOURCE, &regval);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	return FIELD_GET(ADXL345_REG_INT_SOURCE_MSK, regval);
}

static int adxl345_fifo_push(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
			     int samples)
{
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	int i, ret;

	if (samples <= 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	ret = adxl345_fifo_transfer(st, samples);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	for (i = 0; i < ADXL345_DIRS * samples; i += ADXL345_DIRS)
		iio_push_to_buffers(indio_dev, &st->fifo_buf[i]);

	return 0;
}

/**
 * adxl345_irq_handler() - Handle irqs of the ADXL345.
 * @irq: The irq being handled.
 * @p: The struct iio_device pointer for the device.
 *
 * Return: The interrupt was handled.
 */
static irqreturn_t adxl345_irq_handler(int irq, void *p)
{
	struct iio_dev *indio_dev = p;
	struct adxl345_state *st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	int int_stat;
	int samples;

	int_stat = adxl345_get_status(st);
	if (int_stat <= 0)
		return IRQ_NONE;

	if (int_stat & ADXL345_INT_OVERRUN)
		goto err;

	if (int_stat & ADXL345_INT_WATERMARK) {
		samples = adxl345_get_samples(st);
		if (samples < 0)
			goto err;

		if (adxl345_fifo_push(indio_dev, samples) < 0)
			goto err;
	}
	return IRQ_HANDLED;

err:
	adxl345_fifo_reset(st);

	return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

static const struct iio_info adxl345_info = {
	.attrs		= &adxl345_attrs_group,
	.read_raw	= adxl345_read_raw,
	.write_raw	= adxl345_write_raw,
	.write_raw_get_fmt	= adxl345_write_raw_get_fmt,
	.hwfifo_set_watermark = adxl345_set_watermark,
};

/**
 * adxl345_core_probe() - Probe and setup for the accelerometer.
 * @dev:	Driver model representation of the device
 * @regmap:	Regmap instance for the device
 * @fifo_delay_default: Using FIFO with SPI needs delay
 * @setup:	Setup routine to be executed right before the standard device
 *		setup
 *
 * For SPI operation greater than 1.6 MHz, it is necessary to deassert the CS
 * pin to ensure a total delay of 5 us; otherwise, the delay is not sufficient.
 * The total delay necessary for 5 MHz operation is at most 3.4 us. This is not
 * a concern when using I2C mode because the communication rate is low enough
 * to ensure a sufficient delay between FIFO reads.
 * Ref: "Retrieving Data from FIFO", p. 21 of 36, Data Sheet ADXL345 Rev. G
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on error
 */
int adxl345_core_probe(struct device *dev, struct regmap *regmap,
		       bool fifo_delay_default,
		       int (*setup)(struct device*, struct regmap*))
{
	struct adxl345_state *st;
	struct iio_dev *indio_dev;
	u32 regval;
	unsigned int data_format_mask = (ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_RANGE |
					 ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_JUSTIFY |
					 ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_FULL_RES |
					 ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_SELF_TEST);
	int ret;

	indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof(*st));
	if (!indio_dev)
		return -ENOMEM;

	st = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	st->regmap = regmap;
	st->info = device_get_match_data(dev);
	if (!st->info)
		return -ENODEV;
	st->fifo_delay = fifo_delay_default;

	indio_dev->name = st->info->name;
	indio_dev->info = &adxl345_info;
	indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE;
	indio_dev->channels = adxl345_channels;
	indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(adxl345_channels);
	indio_dev->available_scan_masks = adxl345_scan_masks;

	if (setup) {
		/* Perform optional initial bus specific configuration */
		ret = setup(dev, st->regmap);
		if (ret)
			return ret;

		/* Enable full-resolution mode */
		ret = regmap_update_bits(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_DATA_FORMAT,
					 data_format_mask,
					 ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_FULL_RES);
		if (ret)
			return dev_err_probe(dev, ret,
					     "Failed to set data range\n");

	} else {
		/* Enable full-resolution mode (init all data_format bits) */
		ret = regmap_write(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_DATA_FORMAT,
				   ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_FULL_RES);
		if (ret)
			return dev_err_probe(dev, ret,
					     "Failed to set data range\n");
	}

	ret = regmap_read(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_DEVID, &regval);
	if (ret < 0)
		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Error reading device ID\n");

	if (regval != ADXL345_DEVID)
		return dev_err_probe(dev, -ENODEV, "Invalid device ID: %x, expected %x\n",
				     regval, ADXL345_DEVID);

	/* Enable measurement mode */
	ret = adxl345_set_measure_en(st, true);
	if (ret < 0)
		return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Failed to enable measurement mode\n");

	ret = devm_add_action_or_reset(dev, adxl345_powerdown, st);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	st->intio = ADXL345_INT1;
	st->irq = fwnode_irq_get_byname(dev_fwnode(dev), "INT1");
	if (st->irq < 0) {
		st->intio = ADXL345_INT2;
		st->irq = fwnode_irq_get_byname(dev_fwnode(dev), "INT2");
		if (st->irq < 0)
			st->intio = ADXL345_INT_NONE;
	}

	if (st->intio != ADXL345_INT_NONE) {
		/* FIFO_STREAM mode is going to be activated later */
		ret = devm_iio_kfifo_buffer_setup(dev, indio_dev, &adxl345_buffer_ops);
		if (ret)
			return ret;

		ret = devm_request_threaded_irq(dev, st->irq, NULL,
						&adxl345_irq_handler,
						IRQF_SHARED | IRQF_ONESHOT,
						indio_dev->name, indio_dev);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	} else {
		ret = regmap_write(st->regmap, ADXL345_REG_FIFO_CTL,
				   FIELD_PREP(ADXL345_FIFO_CTL_MODE_MSK,
					      ADXL345_FIFO_BYPASS));
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;
	}

	return devm_iio_device_register(dev, indio_dev);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(adxl345_core_probe, "IIO_ADXL345");

MODULE_AUTHOR("Eva Rachel Retuya <eraretuya@gmail.com>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ADXL345 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer core driver");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");