| Author | Tokens | Token Proportion | Commits | Commit Proportion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrii Nakryiko | 17195 | 80.67% | 68 | 47.89% |
| Martin KaFai Lau | 1410 | 6.62% | 8 | 5.63% |
| Yonghong Song | 1087 | 5.10% | 12 | 8.45% |
| Eduard Zingerman | 510 | 2.39% | 3 | 2.11% |
| Okash Khawaja | 153 | 0.72% | 2 | 1.41% |
| Wang Nan | 119 | 0.56% | 8 | 5.63% |
| Ilya Leoshkevich | 113 | 0.53% | 4 | 2.82% |
| Alexei Starovoitov | 107 | 0.50% | 4 | 2.82% |
| Hengqi Chen | 100 | 0.47% | 2 | 1.41% |
| John Fastabend | 84 | 0.39% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi | 72 | 0.34% | 2 | 1.41% |
| Douglas RAILLARD | 70 | 0.33% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Quentin Monnet | 53 | 0.25% | 2 | 1.41% |
| Alan Maguire | 45 | 0.21% | 3 | 2.11% |
| Daniel Borkmann | 36 | 0.17% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Jiri Olsa | 30 | 0.14% | 2 | 1.41% |
| Kui-Feng Lee | 29 | 0.14% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Stanislav Fomichev | 13 | 0.06% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Joe Stringer | 13 | 0.06% | 2 | 1.41% |
| Kefeng Wang | 11 | 0.05% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Changbin Du | 10 | 0.05% | 2 | 1.41% |
| Prashant Bhole | 9 | 0.04% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Mauricio Vásquez | 8 | 0.04% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Daniel T. Lee | 7 | 0.03% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Daniel Xu | 7 | 0.03% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Jakub Kiciński | 6 | 0.03% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Jon Doron | 5 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Dan Carpenter | 3 | 0.01% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo | 3 | 0.01% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Tao Chen | 3 | 0.01% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Toke Höiland-Jörgensen | 2 | 0.01% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Kang Minchul | 1 | 0.00% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Daniel Müller | 1 | 0.00% | 1 | 0.70% |
| Total | 21315 | 142 |
// SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) /* Copyright (c) 2018 Facebook */ #include <byteswap.h> #include <endian.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/utsname.h> #include <sys/param.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/err.h> #include <linux/btf.h> #include <gelf.h> #include "btf.h" #include "bpf.h" #include "libbpf.h" #include "libbpf_internal.h" #include "hashmap.h" #include "strset.h" #define BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES 0x7fffffffU #define BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET 0x7fffffffU static struct btf_type btf_void; struct btf { /* raw BTF data in native endianness */ void *raw_data; /* raw BTF data in non-native endianness */ void *raw_data_swapped; __u32 raw_size; /* whether target endianness differs from the native one */ bool swapped_endian; /* * When BTF is loaded from an ELF or raw memory it is stored * in a contiguous memory block. The hdr, type_data, and, strs_data * point inside that memory region to their respective parts of BTF * representation: * * +--------------------------------+ * | Header | Types | Strings | * +--------------------------------+ * ^ ^ ^ * | | | * hdr | | * types_data-+ | * strs_data------------+ * * If BTF data is later modified, e.g., due to types added or * removed, BTF deduplication performed, etc, this contiguous * representation is broken up into three independently allocated * memory regions to be able to modify them independently. * raw_data is nulled out at that point, but can be later allocated * and cached again if user calls btf__raw_data(), at which point * raw_data will contain a contiguous copy of header, types, and * strings: * * +----------+ +---------+ +-----------+ * | Header | | Types | | Strings | * +----------+ +---------+ +-----------+ * ^ ^ ^ * | | | * hdr | | * types_data----+ | * strset__data(strs_set)-----+ * * +----------+---------+-----------+ * | Header | Types | Strings | * raw_data----->+----------+---------+-----------+ */ struct btf_header *hdr; void *types_data; size_t types_data_cap; /* used size stored in hdr->type_len */ /* type ID to `struct btf_type *` lookup index * type_offs[0] corresponds to the first non-VOID type: * - for base BTF it's type [1]; * - for split BTF it's the first non-base BTF type. */ __u32 *type_offs; size_t type_offs_cap; /* number of types in this BTF instance: * - doesn't include special [0] void type; * - for split BTF counts number of types added on top of base BTF. */ __u32 nr_types; /* if not NULL, points to the base BTF on top of which the current * split BTF is based */ struct btf *base_btf; /* BTF type ID of the first type in this BTF instance: * - for base BTF it's equal to 1; * - for split BTF it's equal to biggest type ID of base BTF plus 1. */ int start_id; /* logical string offset of this BTF instance: * - for base BTF it's equal to 0; * - for split BTF it's equal to total size of base BTF's string section size. */ int start_str_off; /* only one of strs_data or strs_set can be non-NULL, depending on * whether BTF is in a modifiable state (strs_set is used) or not * (strs_data points inside raw_data) */ void *strs_data; /* a set of unique strings */ struct strset *strs_set; /* whether strings are already deduplicated */ bool strs_deduped; /* BTF object FD, if loaded into kernel */ int fd; /* Pointer size (in bytes) for a target architecture of this BTF */ int ptr_sz; }; static inline __u64 ptr_to_u64(const void *ptr) { return (__u64) (unsigned long) ptr; } /* Ensure given dynamically allocated memory region pointed to by *data* with * capacity of *cap_cnt* elements each taking *elem_sz* bytes has enough * memory to accommodate *add_cnt* new elements, assuming *cur_cnt* elements * are already used. At most *max_cnt* elements can be ever allocated. * If necessary, memory is reallocated and all existing data is copied over, * new pointer to the memory region is stored at *data, new memory region * capacity (in number of elements) is stored in *cap. * On success, memory pointer to the beginning of unused memory is returned. * On error, NULL is returned. */ void *libbpf_add_mem(void **data, size_t *cap_cnt, size_t elem_sz, size_t cur_cnt, size_t max_cnt, size_t add_cnt) { size_t new_cnt; void *new_data; if (cur_cnt + add_cnt <= *cap_cnt) return *data + cur_cnt * elem_sz; /* requested more than the set limit */ if (cur_cnt + add_cnt > max_cnt) return NULL; new_cnt = *cap_cnt; new_cnt += new_cnt / 4; /* expand by 25% */ if (new_cnt < 16) /* but at least 16 elements */ new_cnt = 16; if (new_cnt > max_cnt) /* but not exceeding a set limit */ new_cnt = max_cnt; if (new_cnt < cur_cnt + add_cnt) /* also ensure we have enough memory */ new_cnt = cur_cnt + add_cnt; new_data = libbpf_reallocarray(*data, new_cnt, elem_sz); if (!new_data) return NULL; /* zero out newly allocated portion of memory */ memset(new_data + (*cap_cnt) * elem_sz, 0, (new_cnt - *cap_cnt) * elem_sz); *data = new_data; *cap_cnt = new_cnt; return new_data + cur_cnt * elem_sz; } /* Ensure given dynamically allocated memory region has enough allocated space * to accommodate *need_cnt* elements of size *elem_sz* bytes each */ int libbpf_ensure_mem(void **data, size_t *cap_cnt, size_t elem_sz, size_t need_cnt) { void *p; if (need_cnt <= *cap_cnt) return 0; p = libbpf_add_mem(data, cap_cnt, elem_sz, *cap_cnt, SIZE_MAX, need_cnt - *cap_cnt); if (!p) return -ENOMEM; return 0; } static void *btf_add_type_offs_mem(struct btf *btf, size_t add_cnt) { return libbpf_add_mem((void **)&btf->type_offs, &btf->type_offs_cap, sizeof(__u32), btf->nr_types, BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES, add_cnt); } static int btf_add_type_idx_entry(struct btf *btf, __u32 type_off) { __u32 *p; p = btf_add_type_offs_mem(btf, 1); if (!p) return -ENOMEM; *p = type_off; return 0; } static void btf_bswap_hdr(struct btf_header *h) { h->magic = bswap_16(h->magic); h->hdr_len = bswap_32(h->hdr_len); h->type_off = bswap_32(h->type_off); h->type_len = bswap_32(h->type_len); h->str_off = bswap_32(h->str_off); h->str_len = bswap_32(h->str_len); } static int btf_parse_hdr(struct btf *btf) { struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr; __u32 meta_left; if (btf->raw_size < sizeof(struct btf_header)) { pr_debug("BTF header not found\n"); return -EINVAL; } if (hdr->magic == bswap_16(BTF_MAGIC)) { btf->swapped_endian = true; if (bswap_32(hdr->hdr_len) != sizeof(struct btf_header)) { pr_warn("Can't load BTF with non-native endianness due to unsupported header length %u\n", bswap_32(hdr->hdr_len)); return -ENOTSUP; } btf_bswap_hdr(hdr); } else if (hdr->magic != BTF_MAGIC) { pr_debug("Invalid BTF magic: %x\n", hdr->magic); return -EINVAL; } if (btf->raw_size < hdr->hdr_len) { pr_debug("BTF header len %u larger than data size %u\n", hdr->hdr_len, btf->raw_size); return -EINVAL; } meta_left = btf->raw_size - hdr->hdr_len; if (meta_left < (long long)hdr->str_off + hdr->str_len) { pr_debug("Invalid BTF total size: %u\n", btf->raw_size); return -EINVAL; } if ((long long)hdr->type_off + hdr->type_len > hdr->str_off) { pr_debug("Invalid BTF data sections layout: type data at %u + %u, strings data at %u + %u\n", hdr->type_off, hdr->type_len, hdr->str_off, hdr->str_len); return -EINVAL; } if (hdr->type_off % 4) { pr_debug("BTF type section is not aligned to 4 bytes\n"); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static int btf_parse_str_sec(struct btf *btf) { const struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr; const char *start = btf->strs_data; const char *end = start + btf->hdr->str_len; if (btf->base_btf && hdr->str_len == 0) return 0; if (!hdr->str_len || hdr->str_len - 1 > BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET || end[-1]) { pr_debug("Invalid BTF string section\n"); return -EINVAL; } if (!btf->base_btf && start[0]) { pr_debug("Invalid BTF string section\n"); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static int btf_type_size(const struct btf_type *t) { const int base_size = sizeof(struct btf_type); __u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t); switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: return base_size; case BTF_KIND_INT: return base_size + sizeof(__u32); case BTF_KIND_ENUM: return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_enum); case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_enum64); case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_array); case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_member); case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_param); case BTF_KIND_VAR: return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_var); case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: return base_size + vlen * sizeof(struct btf_var_secinfo); case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: return base_size + sizeof(struct btf_decl_tag); default: pr_debug("Unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t)); return -EINVAL; } } static void btf_bswap_type_base(struct btf_type *t) { t->name_off = bswap_32(t->name_off); t->info = bswap_32(t->info); t->type = bswap_32(t->type); } static int btf_bswap_type_rest(struct btf_type *t) { struct btf_var_secinfo *v; struct btf_enum64 *e64; struct btf_member *m; struct btf_array *a; struct btf_param *p; struct btf_enum *e; __u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t); int i; switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: return 0; case BTF_KIND_INT: *(__u32 *)(t + 1) = bswap_32(*(__u32 *)(t + 1)); return 0; case BTF_KIND_ENUM: for (i = 0, e = btf_enum(t); i < vlen; i++, e++) { e->name_off = bswap_32(e->name_off); e->val = bswap_32(e->val); } return 0; case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: for (i = 0, e64 = btf_enum64(t); i < vlen; i++, e64++) { e64->name_off = bswap_32(e64->name_off); e64->val_lo32 = bswap_32(e64->val_lo32); e64->val_hi32 = bswap_32(e64->val_hi32); } return 0; case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: a = btf_array(t); a->type = bswap_32(a->type); a->index_type = bswap_32(a->index_type); a->nelems = bswap_32(a->nelems); return 0; case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: for (i = 0, m = btf_members(t); i < vlen; i++, m++) { m->name_off = bswap_32(m->name_off); m->type = bswap_32(m->type); m->offset = bswap_32(m->offset); } return 0; case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: for (i = 0, p = btf_params(t); i < vlen; i++, p++) { p->name_off = bswap_32(p->name_off); p->type = bswap_32(p->type); } return 0; case BTF_KIND_VAR: btf_var(t)->linkage = bswap_32(btf_var(t)->linkage); return 0; case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: for (i = 0, v = btf_var_secinfos(t); i < vlen; i++, v++) { v->type = bswap_32(v->type); v->offset = bswap_32(v->offset); v->size = bswap_32(v->size); } return 0; case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx = bswap_32(btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx); return 0; default: pr_debug("Unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t)); return -EINVAL; } } static int btf_parse_type_sec(struct btf *btf) { struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr; void *next_type = btf->types_data; void *end_type = next_type + hdr->type_len; int err, type_size; while (next_type + sizeof(struct btf_type) <= end_type) { if (btf->swapped_endian) btf_bswap_type_base(next_type); type_size = btf_type_size(next_type); if (type_size < 0) return type_size; if (next_type + type_size > end_type) { pr_warn("BTF type [%d] is malformed\n", btf->start_id + btf->nr_types); return -EINVAL; } if (btf->swapped_endian && btf_bswap_type_rest(next_type)) return -EINVAL; err = btf_add_type_idx_entry(btf, next_type - btf->types_data); if (err) return err; next_type += type_size; btf->nr_types++; } if (next_type != end_type) { pr_warn("BTF types data is malformed\n"); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static int btf_validate_str(const struct btf *btf, __u32 str_off, const char *what, __u32 type_id) { const char *s; s = btf__str_by_offset(btf, str_off); if (!s) { pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: invalid %s (string offset %u)\n", type_id, what, str_off); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static int btf_validate_id(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id, __u32 ctx_id) { const struct btf_type *t; t = btf__type_by_id(btf, id); if (!t) { pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: invalid referenced type ID %u\n", ctx_id, id); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static int btf_validate_type(const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_type *t, __u32 id) { __u32 kind = btf_kind(t); int err, i, n; err = btf_validate_str(btf, t->name_off, "type name", id); if (err) return err; switch (kind) { case BTF_KIND_UNKN: case BTF_KIND_INT: case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: break; case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_VAR: case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: err = btf_validate_id(btf, t->type, id); if (err) return err; break; case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: { const struct btf_array *a = btf_array(t); err = btf_validate_id(btf, a->type, id); err = err ?: btf_validate_id(btf, a->index_type, id); if (err) return err; break; } case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: { const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t); n = btf_vlen(t); for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) { err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "field name", id); err = err ?: btf_validate_id(btf, m->type, id); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_ENUM: { const struct btf_enum *m = btf_enum(t); n = btf_vlen(t); for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) { err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "enum name", id); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: { const struct btf_enum64 *m = btf_enum64(t); n = btf_vlen(t); for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) { err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "enum name", id); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_FUNC: { const struct btf_type *ft; err = btf_validate_id(btf, t->type, id); if (err) return err; ft = btf__type_by_id(btf, t->type); if (btf_kind(ft) != BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO) { pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: referenced type [%u] is not FUNC_PROTO\n", id, t->type); return -EINVAL; } break; } case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: { const struct btf_param *m = btf_params(t); n = btf_vlen(t); for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) { err = btf_validate_str(btf, m->name_off, "param name", id); err = err ?: btf_validate_id(btf, m->type, id); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: { const struct btf_var_secinfo *m = btf_var_secinfos(t); n = btf_vlen(t); for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) { err = btf_validate_id(btf, m->type, id); if (err) return err; } break; } default: pr_warn("btf: type [%u]: unrecognized kind %u\n", id, kind); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } /* Validate basic sanity of BTF. It's intentionally less thorough than * kernel's validation and validates only properties of BTF that libbpf relies * on to be correct (e.g., valid type IDs, valid string offsets, etc) */ static int btf_sanity_check(const struct btf *btf) { const struct btf_type *t; __u32 i, n = btf__type_cnt(btf); int err; for (i = 1; i < n; i++) { t = btf_type_by_id(btf, i); err = btf_validate_type(btf, t, i); if (err) return err; } return 0; } __u32 btf__type_cnt(const struct btf *btf) { return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types; } const struct btf *btf__base_btf(const struct btf *btf) { return btf->base_btf; } /* internal helper returning non-const pointer to a type */ struct btf_type *btf_type_by_id(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id) { if (type_id == 0) return &btf_void; if (type_id < btf->start_id) return btf_type_by_id(btf->base_btf, type_id); return btf->types_data + btf->type_offs[type_id - btf->start_id]; } const struct btf_type *btf__type_by_id(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id) { if (type_id >= btf->start_id + btf->nr_types) return errno = EINVAL, NULL; return btf_type_by_id((struct btf *)btf, type_id); } static int determine_ptr_size(const struct btf *btf) { static const char * const long_aliases[] = { "long", "long int", "int long", "unsigned long", "long unsigned", "unsigned long int", "unsigned int long", "long unsigned int", "long int unsigned", "int unsigned long", "int long unsigned", }; const struct btf_type *t; const char *name; int i, j, n; if (btf->base_btf && btf->base_btf->ptr_sz > 0) return btf->base_btf->ptr_sz; n = btf__type_cnt(btf); for (i = 1; i < n; i++) { t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i); if (!btf_is_int(t)) continue; if (t->size != 4 && t->size != 8) continue; name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off); if (!name) continue; for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(long_aliases); j++) { if (strcmp(name, long_aliases[j]) == 0) return t->size; } } return -1; } static size_t btf_ptr_sz(const struct btf *btf) { if (!btf->ptr_sz) ((struct btf *)btf)->ptr_sz = determine_ptr_size(btf); return btf->ptr_sz < 0 ? sizeof(void *) : btf->ptr_sz; } /* Return pointer size this BTF instance assumes. The size is heuristically * determined by looking for 'long' or 'unsigned long' integer type and * recording its size in bytes. If BTF type information doesn't have any such * type, this function returns 0. In the latter case, native architecture's * pointer size is assumed, so will be either 4 or 8, depending on * architecture that libbpf was compiled for. It's possible to override * guessed value by using btf__set_pointer_size() API. */ size_t btf__pointer_size(const struct btf *btf) { if (!btf->ptr_sz) ((struct btf *)btf)->ptr_sz = determine_ptr_size(btf); if (btf->ptr_sz < 0) /* not enough BTF type info to guess */ return 0; return btf->ptr_sz; } /* Override or set pointer size in bytes. Only values of 4 and 8 are * supported. */ int btf__set_pointer_size(struct btf *btf, size_t ptr_sz) { if (ptr_sz != 4 && ptr_sz != 8) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); btf->ptr_sz = ptr_sz; return 0; } static bool is_host_big_endian(void) { #if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__ return false; #elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ return true; #else # error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__" #endif } enum btf_endianness btf__endianness(const struct btf *btf) { if (is_host_big_endian()) return btf->swapped_endian ? BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN : BTF_BIG_ENDIAN; else return btf->swapped_endian ? BTF_BIG_ENDIAN : BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN; } int btf__set_endianness(struct btf *btf, enum btf_endianness endian) { if (endian != BTF_LITTLE_ENDIAN && endian != BTF_BIG_ENDIAN) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); btf->swapped_endian = is_host_big_endian() != (endian == BTF_BIG_ENDIAN); if (!btf->swapped_endian) { free(btf->raw_data_swapped); btf->raw_data_swapped = NULL; } return 0; } static bool btf_type_is_void(const struct btf_type *t) { return t == &btf_void || btf_is_fwd(t); } static bool btf_type_is_void_or_null(const struct btf_type *t) { return !t || btf_type_is_void(t); } #define MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH 32 __s64 btf__resolve_size(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id) { const struct btf_array *array; const struct btf_type *t; __u32 nelems = 1; __s64 size = -1; int i; t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id); for (i = 0; i < MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH && !btf_type_is_void_or_null(t); i++) { switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_INT: case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: case BTF_KIND_ENUM: case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: size = t->size; goto done; case BTF_KIND_PTR: size = btf_ptr_sz(btf); goto done; case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_VAR: case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: type_id = t->type; break; case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: array = btf_array(t); if (nelems && array->nelems > UINT32_MAX / nelems) return libbpf_err(-E2BIG); nelems *= array->nelems; type_id = array->type; break; default: return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); } t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id); } done: if (size < 0) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (nelems && size > UINT32_MAX / nelems) return libbpf_err(-E2BIG); return nelems * size; } int btf__align_of(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id) { const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, id); __u16 kind = btf_kind(t); switch (kind) { case BTF_KIND_INT: case BTF_KIND_ENUM: case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: return min(btf_ptr_sz(btf), (size_t)t->size); case BTF_KIND_PTR: return btf_ptr_sz(btf); case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: return btf__align_of(btf, t->type); case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: return btf__align_of(btf, btf_array(t)->type); case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: { const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t); __u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t); int i, max_align = 1, align; for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, m++) { align = btf__align_of(btf, m->type); if (align <= 0) return libbpf_err(align); max_align = max(max_align, align); /* if field offset isn't aligned according to field * type's alignment, then struct must be packed */ if (btf_member_bitfield_size(t, i) == 0 && (m->offset % (8 * align)) != 0) return 1; } /* if struct/union size isn't a multiple of its alignment, * then struct must be packed */ if ((t->size % max_align) != 0) return 1; return max_align; } default: pr_warn("unsupported BTF_KIND:%u\n", btf_kind(t)); return errno = EINVAL, 0; } } int btf__resolve_type(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id) { const struct btf_type *t; int depth = 0; t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id); while (depth < MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH && !btf_type_is_void_or_null(t) && (btf_is_mod(t) || btf_is_typedef(t) || btf_is_var(t))) { type_id = t->type; t = btf__type_by_id(btf, type_id); depth++; } if (depth == MAX_RESOLVE_DEPTH || btf_type_is_void_or_null(t)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); return type_id; } __s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name) { __u32 i, nr_types = btf__type_cnt(btf); if (!strcmp(type_name, "void")) return 0; for (i = 1; i < nr_types; i++) { const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i); const char *name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off); if (name && !strcmp(type_name, name)) return i; } return libbpf_err(-ENOENT); } static __s32 btf_find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, int start_id, const char *type_name, __u32 kind) { __u32 i, nr_types = btf__type_cnt(btf); if (kind == BTF_KIND_UNKN || !strcmp(type_name, "void")) return 0; for (i = start_id; i < nr_types; i++) { const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i); const char *name; if (btf_kind(t) != kind) continue; name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off); if (name && !strcmp(type_name, name)) return i; } return libbpf_err(-ENOENT); } __s32 btf__find_by_name_kind_own(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name, __u32 kind) { return btf_find_by_name_kind(btf, btf->start_id, type_name, kind); } __s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf, const char *type_name, __u32 kind) { return btf_find_by_name_kind(btf, 1, type_name, kind); } static bool btf_is_modifiable(const struct btf *btf) { return (void *)btf->hdr != btf->raw_data; } void btf__free(struct btf *btf) { if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(btf)) return; if (btf->fd >= 0) close(btf->fd); if (btf_is_modifiable(btf)) { /* if BTF was modified after loading, it will have a split * in-memory representation for header, types, and strings * sections, so we need to free all of them individually. It * might still have a cached contiguous raw data present, * which will be unconditionally freed below. */ free(btf->hdr); free(btf->types_data); strset__free(btf->strs_set); } free(btf->raw_data); free(btf->raw_data_swapped); free(btf->type_offs); free(btf); } static struct btf *btf_new_empty(struct btf *base_btf) { struct btf *btf; btf = calloc(1, sizeof(*btf)); if (!btf) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); btf->nr_types = 0; btf->start_id = 1; btf->start_str_off = 0; btf->fd = -1; btf->ptr_sz = sizeof(void *); btf->swapped_endian = false; if (base_btf) { btf->base_btf = base_btf; btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf); btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len; } /* +1 for empty string at offset 0 */ btf->raw_size = sizeof(struct btf_header) + (base_btf ? 0 : 1); btf->raw_data = calloc(1, btf->raw_size); if (!btf->raw_data) { free(btf); return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); } btf->hdr = btf->raw_data; btf->hdr->hdr_len = sizeof(struct btf_header); btf->hdr->magic = BTF_MAGIC; btf->hdr->version = BTF_VERSION; btf->types_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len; btf->strs_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len; btf->hdr->str_len = base_btf ? 0 : 1; /* empty string at offset 0 */ return btf; } struct btf *btf__new_empty(void) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_new_empty(NULL)); } struct btf *btf__new_empty_split(struct btf *base_btf) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_new_empty(base_btf)); } static struct btf *btf_new(const void *data, __u32 size, struct btf *base_btf) { struct btf *btf; int err; btf = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf)); if (!btf) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); btf->nr_types = 0; btf->start_id = 1; btf->start_str_off = 0; btf->fd = -1; if (base_btf) { btf->base_btf = base_btf; btf->start_id = btf__type_cnt(base_btf); btf->start_str_off = base_btf->hdr->str_len; } btf->raw_data = malloc(size); if (!btf->raw_data) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } memcpy(btf->raw_data, data, size); btf->raw_size = size; btf->hdr = btf->raw_data; err = btf_parse_hdr(btf); if (err) goto done; btf->strs_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len + btf->hdr->str_off; btf->types_data = btf->raw_data + btf->hdr->hdr_len + btf->hdr->type_off; err = btf_parse_str_sec(btf); err = err ?: btf_parse_type_sec(btf); err = err ?: btf_sanity_check(btf); if (err) goto done; done: if (err) { btf__free(btf); return ERR_PTR(err); } return btf; } struct btf *btf__new(const void *data, __u32 size) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_new(data, size, NULL)); } static struct btf *btf_parse_elf(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf, struct btf_ext **btf_ext) { Elf_Data *btf_data = NULL, *btf_ext_data = NULL; int err = 0, fd = -1, idx = 0; struct btf *btf = NULL; Elf_Scn *scn = NULL; Elf *elf = NULL; GElf_Ehdr ehdr; size_t shstrndx; if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) { pr_warn("failed to init libelf for %s\n", path); return ERR_PTR(-LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF); } fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC); if (fd < 0) { err = -errno; pr_warn("failed to open %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno)); return ERR_PTR(err); } err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT; elf = elf_begin(fd, ELF_C_READ, NULL); if (!elf) { pr_warn("failed to open %s as ELF file\n", path); goto done; } if (!gelf_getehdr(elf, &ehdr)) { pr_warn("failed to get EHDR from %s\n", path); goto done; } if (elf_getshdrstrndx(elf, &shstrndx)) { pr_warn("failed to get section names section index for %s\n", path); goto done; } if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(elf, shstrndx), NULL)) { pr_warn("failed to get e_shstrndx from %s\n", path); goto done; } while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) { GElf_Shdr sh; char *name; idx++; if (gelf_getshdr(scn, &sh) != &sh) { pr_warn("failed to get section(%d) header from %s\n", idx, path); goto done; } name = elf_strptr(elf, shstrndx, sh.sh_name); if (!name) { pr_warn("failed to get section(%d) name from %s\n", idx, path); goto done; } if (strcmp(name, BTF_ELF_SEC) == 0) { btf_data = elf_getdata(scn, 0); if (!btf_data) { pr_warn("failed to get section(%d, %s) data from %s\n", idx, name, path); goto done; } continue; } else if (btf_ext && strcmp(name, BTF_EXT_ELF_SEC) == 0) { btf_ext_data = elf_getdata(scn, 0); if (!btf_ext_data) { pr_warn("failed to get section(%d, %s) data from %s\n", idx, name, path); goto done; } continue; } } if (!btf_data) { pr_warn("failed to find '%s' ELF section in %s\n", BTF_ELF_SEC, path); err = -ENODATA; goto done; } btf = btf_new(btf_data->d_buf, btf_data->d_size, base_btf); err = libbpf_get_error(btf); if (err) goto done; switch (gelf_getclass(elf)) { case ELFCLASS32: btf__set_pointer_size(btf, 4); break; case ELFCLASS64: btf__set_pointer_size(btf, 8); break; default: pr_warn("failed to get ELF class (bitness) for %s\n", path); break; } if (btf_ext && btf_ext_data) { *btf_ext = btf_ext__new(btf_ext_data->d_buf, btf_ext_data->d_size); err = libbpf_get_error(*btf_ext); if (err) goto done; } else if (btf_ext) { *btf_ext = NULL; } done: if (elf) elf_end(elf); close(fd); if (!err) return btf; if (btf_ext) btf_ext__free(*btf_ext); btf__free(btf); return ERR_PTR(err); } struct btf *btf__parse_elf(const char *path, struct btf_ext **btf_ext) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_elf(path, NULL, btf_ext)); } struct btf *btf__parse_elf_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_elf(path, base_btf, NULL)); } static struct btf *btf_parse_raw(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf) { struct btf *btf = NULL; void *data = NULL; FILE *f = NULL; __u16 magic; int err = 0; long sz; f = fopen(path, "rbe"); if (!f) { err = -errno; goto err_out; } /* check BTF magic */ if (fread(&magic, 1, sizeof(magic), f) < sizeof(magic)) { err = -EIO; goto err_out; } if (magic != BTF_MAGIC && magic != bswap_16(BTF_MAGIC)) { /* definitely not a raw BTF */ err = -EPROTO; goto err_out; } /* get file size */ if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END)) { err = -errno; goto err_out; } sz = ftell(f); if (sz < 0) { err = -errno; goto err_out; } /* rewind to the start */ if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET)) { err = -errno; goto err_out; } /* pre-alloc memory and read all of BTF data */ data = malloc(sz); if (!data) { err = -ENOMEM; goto err_out; } if (fread(data, 1, sz, f) < sz) { err = -EIO; goto err_out; } /* finally parse BTF data */ btf = btf_new(data, sz, base_btf); err_out: free(data); if (f) fclose(f); return err ? ERR_PTR(err) : btf; } struct btf *btf__parse_raw(const char *path) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_raw(path, NULL)); } struct btf *btf__parse_raw_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse_raw(path, base_btf)); } static struct btf *btf_parse(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf, struct btf_ext **btf_ext) { struct btf *btf; int err; if (btf_ext) *btf_ext = NULL; btf = btf_parse_raw(path, base_btf); err = libbpf_get_error(btf); if (!err) return btf; if (err != -EPROTO) return ERR_PTR(err); return btf_parse_elf(path, base_btf, btf_ext); } struct btf *btf__parse(const char *path, struct btf_ext **btf_ext) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse(path, NULL, btf_ext)); } struct btf *btf__parse_split(const char *path, struct btf *base_btf) { return libbpf_ptr(btf_parse(path, base_btf, NULL)); } static void *btf_get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size, bool swap_endian); int btf_load_into_kernel(struct btf *btf, char *log_buf, size_t log_sz, __u32 log_level) { LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_btf_load_opts, opts); __u32 buf_sz = 0, raw_size; char *buf = NULL, *tmp; void *raw_data; int err = 0; if (btf->fd >= 0) return libbpf_err(-EEXIST); if (log_sz && !log_buf) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* cache native raw data representation */ raw_data = btf_get_raw_data(btf, &raw_size, false); if (!raw_data) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } btf->raw_size = raw_size; btf->raw_data = raw_data; retry_load: /* if log_level is 0, we won't provide log_buf/log_size to the kernel, * initially. Only if BTF loading fails, we bump log_level to 1 and * retry, using either auto-allocated or custom log_buf. This way * non-NULL custom log_buf provides a buffer just in case, but hopes * for successful load and no need for log_buf. */ if (log_level) { /* if caller didn't provide custom log_buf, we'll keep * allocating our own progressively bigger buffers for BTF * verification log */ if (!log_buf) { buf_sz = max((__u32)BPF_LOG_BUF_SIZE, buf_sz * 2); tmp = realloc(buf, buf_sz); if (!tmp) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } buf = tmp; buf[0] = '\0'; } opts.log_buf = log_buf ? log_buf : buf; opts.log_size = log_buf ? log_sz : buf_sz; opts.log_level = log_level; } btf->fd = bpf_btf_load(raw_data, raw_size, &opts); if (btf->fd < 0) { /* time to turn on verbose mode and try again */ if (log_level == 0) { log_level = 1; goto retry_load; } /* only retry if caller didn't provide custom log_buf, but * make sure we can never overflow buf_sz */ if (!log_buf && errno == ENOSPC && buf_sz <= UINT_MAX / 2) goto retry_load; err = -errno; pr_warn("BTF loading error: %d\n", err); /* don't print out contents of custom log_buf */ if (!log_buf && buf[0]) pr_warn("-- BEGIN BTF LOAD LOG ---\n%s\n-- END BTF LOAD LOG --\n", buf); } done: free(buf); return libbpf_err(err); } int btf__load_into_kernel(struct btf *btf) { return btf_load_into_kernel(btf, NULL, 0, 0); } int btf__fd(const struct btf *btf) { return btf->fd; } void btf__set_fd(struct btf *btf, int fd) { btf->fd = fd; } static const void *btf_strs_data(const struct btf *btf) { return btf->strs_data ? btf->strs_data : strset__data(btf->strs_set); } static void *btf_get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size, bool swap_endian) { struct btf_header *hdr = btf->hdr; struct btf_type *t; void *data, *p; __u32 data_sz; int i; data = swap_endian ? btf->raw_data_swapped : btf->raw_data; if (data) { *size = btf->raw_size; return data; } data_sz = hdr->hdr_len + hdr->type_len + hdr->str_len; data = calloc(1, data_sz); if (!data) return NULL; p = data; memcpy(p, hdr, hdr->hdr_len); if (swap_endian) btf_bswap_hdr(p); p += hdr->hdr_len; memcpy(p, btf->types_data, hdr->type_len); if (swap_endian) { for (i = 0; i < btf->nr_types; i++) { t = p + btf->type_offs[i]; /* btf_bswap_type_rest() relies on native t->info, so * we swap base type info after we swapped all the * additional information */ if (btf_bswap_type_rest(t)) goto err_out; btf_bswap_type_base(t); } } p += hdr->type_len; memcpy(p, btf_strs_data(btf), hdr->str_len); p += hdr->str_len; *size = data_sz; return data; err_out: free(data); return NULL; } const void *btf__raw_data(const struct btf *btf_ro, __u32 *size) { struct btf *btf = (struct btf *)btf_ro; __u32 data_sz; void *data; data = btf_get_raw_data(btf, &data_sz, btf->swapped_endian); if (!data) return errno = ENOMEM, NULL; btf->raw_size = data_sz; if (btf->swapped_endian) btf->raw_data_swapped = data; else btf->raw_data = data; *size = data_sz; return data; } __attribute__((alias("btf__raw_data"))) const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size); const char *btf__str_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset) { if (offset < btf->start_str_off) return btf__str_by_offset(btf->base_btf, offset); else if (offset - btf->start_str_off < btf->hdr->str_len) return btf_strs_data(btf) + (offset - btf->start_str_off); else return errno = EINVAL, NULL; } const char *btf__name_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset) { return btf__str_by_offset(btf, offset); } struct btf *btf_get_from_fd(int btf_fd, struct btf *base_btf) { struct bpf_btf_info btf_info; __u32 len = sizeof(btf_info); __u32 last_size; struct btf *btf; void *ptr; int err; /* we won't know btf_size until we call bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd(). so * let's start with a sane default - 4KiB here - and resize it only if * bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd() needs a bigger buffer. */ last_size = 4096; ptr = malloc(last_size); if (!ptr) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); memset(&btf_info, 0, sizeof(btf_info)); btf_info.btf = ptr_to_u64(ptr); btf_info.btf_size = last_size; err = bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd(btf_fd, &btf_info, &len); if (!err && btf_info.btf_size > last_size) { void *temp_ptr; last_size = btf_info.btf_size; temp_ptr = realloc(ptr, last_size); if (!temp_ptr) { btf = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); goto exit_free; } ptr = temp_ptr; len = sizeof(btf_info); memset(&btf_info, 0, sizeof(btf_info)); btf_info.btf = ptr_to_u64(ptr); btf_info.btf_size = last_size; err = bpf_btf_get_info_by_fd(btf_fd, &btf_info, &len); } if (err || btf_info.btf_size > last_size) { btf = err ? ERR_PTR(-errno) : ERR_PTR(-E2BIG); goto exit_free; } btf = btf_new(ptr, btf_info.btf_size, base_btf); exit_free: free(ptr); return btf; } struct btf *btf__load_from_kernel_by_id_split(__u32 id, struct btf *base_btf) { struct btf *btf; int btf_fd; btf_fd = bpf_btf_get_fd_by_id(id); if (btf_fd < 0) return libbpf_err_ptr(-errno); btf = btf_get_from_fd(btf_fd, base_btf); close(btf_fd); return libbpf_ptr(btf); } struct btf *btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(__u32 id) { return btf__load_from_kernel_by_id_split(id, NULL); } static void btf_invalidate_raw_data(struct btf *btf) { if (btf->raw_data) { free(btf->raw_data); btf->raw_data = NULL; } if (btf->raw_data_swapped) { free(btf->raw_data_swapped); btf->raw_data_swapped = NULL; } } /* Ensure BTF is ready to be modified (by splitting into a three memory * regions for header, types, and strings). Also invalidate cached * raw_data, if any. */ static int btf_ensure_modifiable(struct btf *btf) { void *hdr, *types; struct strset *set = NULL; int err = -ENOMEM; if (btf_is_modifiable(btf)) { /* any BTF modification invalidates raw_data */ btf_invalidate_raw_data(btf); return 0; } /* split raw data into three memory regions */ hdr = malloc(btf->hdr->hdr_len); types = malloc(btf->hdr->type_len); if (!hdr || !types) goto err_out; memcpy(hdr, btf->hdr, btf->hdr->hdr_len); memcpy(types, btf->types_data, btf->hdr->type_len); /* build lookup index for all strings */ set = strset__new(BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET, btf->strs_data, btf->hdr->str_len); if (IS_ERR(set)) { err = PTR_ERR(set); goto err_out; } /* only when everything was successful, update internal state */ btf->hdr = hdr; btf->types_data = types; btf->types_data_cap = btf->hdr->type_len; btf->strs_data = NULL; btf->strs_set = set; /* if BTF was created from scratch, all strings are guaranteed to be * unique and deduplicated */ if (btf->hdr->str_len == 0) btf->strs_deduped = true; if (!btf->base_btf && btf->hdr->str_len == 1) btf->strs_deduped = true; /* invalidate raw_data representation */ btf_invalidate_raw_data(btf); return 0; err_out: strset__free(set); free(hdr); free(types); return err; } /* Find an offset in BTF string section that corresponds to a given string *s*. * Returns: * - >0 offset into string section, if string is found; * - -ENOENT, if string is not in the string section; * - <0, on any other error. */ int btf__find_str(struct btf *btf, const char *s) { int off; if (btf->base_btf) { off = btf__find_str(btf->base_btf, s); if (off != -ENOENT) return off; } /* BTF needs to be in a modifiable state to build string lookup index */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); off = strset__find_str(btf->strs_set, s); if (off < 0) return libbpf_err(off); return btf->start_str_off + off; } /* Add a string s to the BTF string section. * Returns: * - > 0 offset into string section, on success; * - < 0, on error. */ int btf__add_str(struct btf *btf, const char *s) { int off; if (btf->base_btf) { off = btf__find_str(btf->base_btf, s); if (off != -ENOENT) return off; } if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); off = strset__add_str(btf->strs_set, s); if (off < 0) return libbpf_err(off); btf->hdr->str_len = strset__data_size(btf->strs_set); return btf->start_str_off + off; } static void *btf_add_type_mem(struct btf *btf, size_t add_sz) { return libbpf_add_mem(&btf->types_data, &btf->types_data_cap, 1, btf->hdr->type_len, UINT_MAX, add_sz); } static void btf_type_inc_vlen(struct btf_type *t) { t->info = btf_type_info(btf_kind(t), btf_vlen(t) + 1, btf_kflag(t)); } static int btf_commit_type(struct btf *btf, int data_sz) { int err; err = btf_add_type_idx_entry(btf, btf->hdr->type_len); if (err) return libbpf_err(err); btf->hdr->type_len += data_sz; btf->hdr->str_off += data_sz; btf->nr_types++; return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1; } struct btf_pipe { const struct btf *src; struct btf *dst; struct hashmap *str_off_map; /* map string offsets from src to dst */ }; static int btf_rewrite_str(__u32 *str_off, void *ctx) { struct btf_pipe *p = ctx; long mapped_off; int off, err; if (!*str_off) /* nothing to do for empty strings */ return 0; if (p->str_off_map && hashmap__find(p->str_off_map, *str_off, &mapped_off)) { *str_off = mapped_off; return 0; } off = btf__add_str(p->dst, btf__str_by_offset(p->src, *str_off)); if (off < 0) return off; /* Remember string mapping from src to dst. It avoids * performing expensive string comparisons. */ if (p->str_off_map) { err = hashmap__append(p->str_off_map, *str_off, off); if (err) return err; } *str_off = off; return 0; } int btf__add_type(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf, const struct btf_type *src_type) { struct btf_pipe p = { .src = src_btf, .dst = btf }; struct btf_type *t; int sz, err; sz = btf_type_size(src_type); if (sz < 0) return libbpf_err(sz); /* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); memcpy(t, src_type, sz); err = btf_type_visit_str_offs(t, btf_rewrite_str, &p); if (err) return libbpf_err(err); return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } static int btf_rewrite_type_ids(__u32 *type_id, void *ctx) { struct btf *btf = ctx; if (!*type_id) /* nothing to do for VOID references */ return 0; /* we haven't updated btf's type count yet, so * btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1 is the type ID offset we should * add to all newly added BTF types */ *type_id += btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - 1; return 0; } static size_t btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx); static bool btf_dedup_equal_fn(long k1, long k2, void *ctx); int btf__add_btf(struct btf *btf, const struct btf *src_btf) { struct btf_pipe p = { .src = src_btf, .dst = btf }; int data_sz, sz, cnt, i, err, old_strs_len; __u32 *off; void *t; /* appending split BTF isn't supported yet */ if (src_btf->base_btf) return libbpf_err(-ENOTSUP); /* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); /* remember original strings section size if we have to roll back * partial strings section changes */ old_strs_len = btf->hdr->str_len; data_sz = src_btf->hdr->type_len; cnt = btf__type_cnt(src_btf) - 1; /* pre-allocate enough memory for new types */ t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, data_sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); /* pre-allocate enough memory for type offset index for new types */ off = btf_add_type_offs_mem(btf, cnt); if (!off) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); /* Map the string offsets from src_btf to the offsets from btf to improve performance */ p.str_off_map = hashmap__new(btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL); if (IS_ERR(p.str_off_map)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); /* bulk copy types data for all types from src_btf */ memcpy(t, src_btf->types_data, data_sz); for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { sz = btf_type_size(t); if (sz < 0) { /* unlikely, has to be corrupted src_btf */ err = sz; goto err_out; } /* fill out type ID to type offset mapping for lookups by type ID */ *off = t - btf->types_data; /* add, dedup, and remap strings referenced by this BTF type */ err = btf_type_visit_str_offs(t, btf_rewrite_str, &p); if (err) goto err_out; /* remap all type IDs referenced from this BTF type */ err = btf_type_visit_type_ids(t, btf_rewrite_type_ids, btf); if (err) goto err_out; /* go to next type data and type offset index entry */ t += sz; off++; } /* Up until now any of the copied type data was effectively invisible, * so if we exited early before this point due to error, BTF would be * effectively unmodified. There would be extra internal memory * pre-allocated, but it would not be available for querying. But now * that we've copied and rewritten all the data successfully, we can * update type count and various internal offsets and sizes to * "commit" the changes and made them visible to the outside world. */ btf->hdr->type_len += data_sz; btf->hdr->str_off += data_sz; btf->nr_types += cnt; hashmap__free(p.str_off_map); /* return type ID of the first added BTF type */ return btf->start_id + btf->nr_types - cnt; err_out: /* zero out preallocated memory as if it was just allocated with * libbpf_add_mem() */ memset(btf->types_data + btf->hdr->type_len, 0, data_sz); memset(btf->strs_data + old_strs_len, 0, btf->hdr->str_len - old_strs_len); /* and now restore original strings section size; types data size * wasn't modified, so doesn't need restoring, see big comment above */ btf->hdr->str_len = old_strs_len; hashmap__free(p.str_off_map); return libbpf_err(err); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_INT type with: * - *name* - non-empty, non-NULL type name; * - *sz* - power-of-2 (1, 2, 4, ..) size of the type, in bytes; * - encoding is a combination of BTF_INT_SIGNED, BTF_INT_CHAR, BTF_INT_BOOL. * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_int(struct btf *btf, const char *name, size_t byte_sz, int encoding) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off; /* non-empty name */ if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* byte_sz must be power of 2 */ if (!byte_sz || (byte_sz & (byte_sz - 1)) || byte_sz > 16) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (encoding & ~(BTF_INT_SIGNED | BTF_INT_CHAR | BTF_INT_BOOL)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(int); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); /* if something goes wrong later, we might end up with an extra string, * but that shouldn't be a problem, because BTF can't be constructed * completely anyway and will most probably be just discarded */ name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_INT, 0, 0); t->size = byte_sz; /* set INT info, we don't allow setting legacy bit offset/size */ *(__u32 *)(t + 1) = (encoding << 24) | (byte_sz * 8); return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_FLOAT type with: * - *name* - non-empty, non-NULL type name; * - *sz* - size of the type, in bytes; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_float(struct btf *btf, const char *name, size_t byte_sz) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off; /* non-empty name */ if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* byte_sz must be one of the explicitly allowed values */ if (byte_sz != 2 && byte_sz != 4 && byte_sz != 8 && byte_sz != 12 && byte_sz != 16) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FLOAT, 0, 0); t->size = byte_sz; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* it's completely legal to append BTF types with type IDs pointing forward to * types that haven't been appended yet, so we only make sure that id looks * sane, we can't guarantee that ID will always be valid */ static int validate_type_id(int id) { if (id < 0 || id > BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES) return -EINVAL; return 0; } /* generic append function for PTR, TYPEDEF, CONST/VOLATILE/RESTRICT */ static int btf_add_ref_kind(struct btf *btf, int kind, const char *name, int ref_type_id) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off = 0; if (validate_type_id(ref_type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); if (name && name[0]) { name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; } t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(kind, 0, 0); t->type = ref_type_id; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_PTR type with: * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_ptr(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id) { return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_PTR, NULL, ref_type_id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_ARRAY type with: * - *index_type_id* - type ID of the type describing array index; * - *elem_type_id* - type ID of the type describing array element; * - *nr_elems* - the size of the array; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_array(struct btf *btf, int index_type_id, int elem_type_id, __u32 nr_elems) { struct btf_type *t; struct btf_array *a; int sz; if (validate_type_id(index_type_id) || validate_type_id(elem_type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_array); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); t->name_off = 0; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_ARRAY, 0, 0); t->size = 0; a = btf_array(t); a->type = elem_type_id; a->index_type = index_type_id; a->nelems = nr_elems; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* generic STRUCT/UNION append function */ static int btf_add_composite(struct btf *btf, int kind, const char *name, __u32 bytes_sz) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off = 0; if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); if (name && name[0]) { name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; } /* start out with vlen=0 and no kflag; this will be adjusted when * adding each member */ t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(kind, 0, 0); t->size = bytes_sz; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_STRUCT type with: * - *name* - name of the struct, can be NULL or empty for anonymous structs; * - *byte_sz* - size of the struct, in bytes; * * Struct initially has no fields in it. Fields can be added by * btf__add_field() right after btf__add_struct() succeeds. * * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_struct(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz) { return btf_add_composite(btf, BTF_KIND_STRUCT, name, byte_sz); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_UNION type with: * - *name* - name of the union, can be NULL or empty for anonymous union; * - *byte_sz* - size of the union, in bytes; * * Union initially has no fields in it. Fields can be added by * btf__add_field() right after btf__add_union() succeeds. All fields * should have *bit_offset* of 0. * * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_union(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz) { return btf_add_composite(btf, BTF_KIND_UNION, name, byte_sz); } static struct btf_type *btf_last_type(struct btf *btf) { return btf_type_by_id(btf, btf__type_cnt(btf) - 1); } /* * Append new field for the current STRUCT/UNION type with: * - *name* - name of the field, can be NULL or empty for anonymous field; * - *type_id* - type ID for the type describing field type; * - *bit_offset* - bit offset of the start of the field within struct/union; * - *bit_size* - bit size of a bitfield, 0 for non-bitfield fields; * Returns: * - 0, on success; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_field(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int type_id, __u32 bit_offset, __u32 bit_size) { struct btf_type *t; struct btf_member *m; bool is_bitfield; int sz, name_off = 0; /* last type should be union/struct */ if (btf->nr_types == 0) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); t = btf_last_type(btf); if (!btf_is_composite(t)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (validate_type_id(type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* best-effort bit field offset/size enforcement */ is_bitfield = bit_size || (bit_offset % 8 != 0); if (is_bitfield && (bit_size == 0 || bit_size > 255 || bit_offset > 0xffffff)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* only offset 0 is allowed for unions */ if (btf_is_union(t) && bit_offset) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* decompose and invalidate raw data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_member); m = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!m) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); if (name && name[0]) { name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; } m->name_off = name_off; m->type = type_id; m->offset = bit_offset | (bit_size << 24); /* btf_add_type_mem can invalidate t pointer */ t = btf_last_type(btf); /* update parent type's vlen and kflag */ t->info = btf_type_info(btf_kind(t), btf_vlen(t) + 1, is_bitfield || btf_kflag(t)); btf->hdr->type_len += sz; btf->hdr->str_off += sz; return 0; } static int btf_add_enum_common(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz, bool is_signed, __u8 kind) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off = 0; /* byte_sz must be power of 2 */ if (!byte_sz || (byte_sz & (byte_sz - 1)) || byte_sz > 8) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); if (name && name[0]) { name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; } /* start out with vlen=0; it will be adjusted when adding enum values */ t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(kind, 0, is_signed); t->size = byte_sz; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_ENUM type with: * - *name* - name of the enum, can be NULL or empty for anonymous enums; * - *byte_sz* - size of the enum, in bytes. * * Enum initially has no enum values in it (and corresponds to enum forward * declaration). Enumerator values can be added by btf__add_enum_value() * immediately after btf__add_enum() succeeds. * * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_enum(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz) { /* * set the signedness to be unsigned, it will change to signed * if any later enumerator is negative. */ return btf_add_enum_common(btf, name, byte_sz, false, BTF_KIND_ENUM); } /* * Append new enum value for the current ENUM type with: * - *name* - name of the enumerator value, can't be NULL or empty; * - *value* - integer value corresponding to enum value *name*; * Returns: * - 0, on success; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_enum_value(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __s64 value) { struct btf_type *t; struct btf_enum *v; int sz, name_off; /* last type should be BTF_KIND_ENUM */ if (btf->nr_types == 0) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); t = btf_last_type(btf); if (!btf_is_enum(t)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* non-empty name */ if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (value < INT_MIN || value > UINT_MAX) return libbpf_err(-E2BIG); /* decompose and invalidate raw data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_enum); v = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!v) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; v->name_off = name_off; v->val = value; /* update parent type's vlen */ t = btf_last_type(btf); btf_type_inc_vlen(t); /* if negative value, set signedness to signed */ if (value < 0) t->info = btf_type_info(btf_kind(t), btf_vlen(t), true); btf->hdr->type_len += sz; btf->hdr->str_off += sz; return 0; } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_ENUM64 type with: * - *name* - name of the enum, can be NULL or empty for anonymous enums; * - *byte_sz* - size of the enum, in bytes. * - *is_signed* - whether the enum values are signed or not; * * Enum initially has no enum values in it (and corresponds to enum forward * declaration). Enumerator values can be added by btf__add_enum64_value() * immediately after btf__add_enum64() succeeds. * * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_enum64(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz, bool is_signed) { return btf_add_enum_common(btf, name, byte_sz, is_signed, BTF_KIND_ENUM64); } /* * Append new enum value for the current ENUM64 type with: * - *name* - name of the enumerator value, can't be NULL or empty; * - *value* - integer value corresponding to enum value *name*; * Returns: * - 0, on success; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_enum64_value(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u64 value) { struct btf_enum64 *v; struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off; /* last type should be BTF_KIND_ENUM64 */ if (btf->nr_types == 0) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); t = btf_last_type(btf); if (!btf_is_enum64(t)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* non-empty name */ if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* decompose and invalidate raw data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_enum64); v = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!v) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; v->name_off = name_off; v->val_lo32 = (__u32)value; v->val_hi32 = value >> 32; /* update parent type's vlen */ t = btf_last_type(btf); btf_type_inc_vlen(t); btf->hdr->type_len += sz; btf->hdr->str_off += sz; return 0; } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_FWD type with: * - *name*, non-empty/non-NULL name; * - *fwd_kind*, kind of forward declaration, one of BTF_FWD_STRUCT, * BTF_FWD_UNION, or BTF_FWD_ENUM; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_fwd(struct btf *btf, const char *name, enum btf_fwd_kind fwd_kind) { if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); switch (fwd_kind) { case BTF_FWD_STRUCT: case BTF_FWD_UNION: { struct btf_type *t; int id; id = btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_FWD, name, 0); if (id <= 0) return id; t = btf_type_by_id(btf, id); t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FWD, 0, fwd_kind == BTF_FWD_UNION); return id; } case BTF_FWD_ENUM: /* enum forward in BTF currently is just an enum with no enum * values; we also assume a standard 4-byte size for it */ return btf__add_enum(btf, name, sizeof(int)); default: return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); } } /* * Append new BTF_KING_TYPEDEF type with: * - *name*, non-empty/non-NULL name; * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_typedef(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int ref_type_id) { if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF, name, ref_type_id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_VOLATILE type with: * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_volatile(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id) { return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_VOLATILE, NULL, ref_type_id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_CONST type with: * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_const(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id) { return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_CONST, NULL, ref_type_id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_RESTRICT type with: * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_restrict(struct btf *btf, int ref_type_id) { return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_RESTRICT, NULL, ref_type_id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG type with: * - *value*, non-empty/non-NULL tag value; * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_type_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id) { if (!value || !value[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); return btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG, value, ref_type_id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_FUNC type with: * - *name*, non-empty/non-NULL name; * - *proto_type_id* - FUNC_PROTO's type ID, it might not exist yet; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_func(struct btf *btf, const char *name, enum btf_func_linkage linkage, int proto_type_id) { int id; if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (linkage != BTF_FUNC_STATIC && linkage != BTF_FUNC_GLOBAL && linkage != BTF_FUNC_EXTERN) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); id = btf_add_ref_kind(btf, BTF_KIND_FUNC, name, proto_type_id); if (id > 0) { struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(btf, id); t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FUNC, linkage, 0); } return libbpf_err(id); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO with: * - *ret_type_id* - type ID for return result of a function. * * Function prototype initially has no arguments, but they can be added by * btf__add_func_param() one by one, immediately after * btf__add_func_proto() succeeded. * * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_func_proto(struct btf *btf, int ret_type_id) { struct btf_type *t; int sz; if (validate_type_id(ret_type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); /* start out with vlen=0; this will be adjusted when adding enum * values, if necessary */ t->name_off = 0; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO, 0, 0); t->type = ret_type_id; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new function parameter for current FUNC_PROTO type with: * - *name* - parameter name, can be NULL or empty; * - *type_id* - type ID describing the type of the parameter. * Returns: * - 0, on success; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_func_param(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int type_id) { struct btf_type *t; struct btf_param *p; int sz, name_off = 0; if (validate_type_id(type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* last type should be BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO */ if (btf->nr_types == 0) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); t = btf_last_type(btf); if (!btf_is_func_proto(t)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* decompose and invalidate raw data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_param); p = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!p) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); if (name && name[0]) { name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; } p->name_off = name_off; p->type = type_id; /* update parent type's vlen */ t = btf_last_type(btf); btf_type_inc_vlen(t); btf->hdr->type_len += sz; btf->hdr->str_off += sz; return 0; } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_VAR type with: * - *name* - non-empty/non-NULL name; * - *linkage* - variable linkage, one of BTF_VAR_STATIC, * BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED, or BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_EXTERN; * - *type_id* - type ID of the type describing the type of the variable. * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_var(struct btf *btf, const char *name, int linkage, int type_id) { struct btf_type *t; struct btf_var *v; int sz, name_off; /* non-empty name */ if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (linkage != BTF_VAR_STATIC && linkage != BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED && linkage != BTF_VAR_GLOBAL_EXTERN) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (validate_type_id(type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* deconstruct BTF, if necessary, and invalidate raw_data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_var); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_VAR, 0, 0); t->type = type_id; v = btf_var(t); v->linkage = linkage; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_DATASEC type with: * - *name* - non-empty/non-NULL name; * - *byte_sz* - data section size, in bytes. * * Data section is initially empty. Variables info can be added with * btf__add_datasec_var_info() calls, after btf__add_datasec() succeeds. * * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_datasec(struct btf *btf, const char *name, __u32 byte_sz) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, name_off; /* non-empty name */ if (!name || !name[0]) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); name_off = btf__add_str(btf, name); if (name_off < 0) return name_off; /* start with vlen=0, which will be update as var_secinfos are added */ t->name_off = name_off; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_DATASEC, 0, 0); t->size = byte_sz; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } /* * Append new data section variable information entry for current DATASEC type: * - *var_type_id* - type ID, describing type of the variable; * - *offset* - variable offset within data section, in bytes; * - *byte_sz* - variable size, in bytes. * * Returns: * - 0, on success; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_datasec_var_info(struct btf *btf, int var_type_id, __u32 offset, __u32 byte_sz) { struct btf_type *t; struct btf_var_secinfo *v; int sz; /* last type should be BTF_KIND_DATASEC */ if (btf->nr_types == 0) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); t = btf_last_type(btf); if (!btf_is_datasec(t)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (validate_type_id(var_type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); /* decompose and invalidate raw data */ if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_var_secinfo); v = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!v) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); v->type = var_type_id; v->offset = offset; v->size = byte_sz; /* update parent type's vlen */ t = btf_last_type(btf); btf_type_inc_vlen(t); btf->hdr->type_len += sz; btf->hdr->str_off += sz; return 0; } /* * Append new BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG type with: * - *value* - non-empty/non-NULL string; * - *ref_type_id* - referenced type ID, it might not exist yet; * - *component_idx* - -1 for tagging reference type, otherwise struct/union * member or function argument index; * Returns: * - >0, type ID of newly added BTF type; * - <0, on error. */ int btf__add_decl_tag(struct btf *btf, const char *value, int ref_type_id, int component_idx) { struct btf_type *t; int sz, value_off; if (!value || !value[0] || component_idx < -1) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (validate_type_id(ref_type_id)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); sz = sizeof(struct btf_type) + sizeof(struct btf_decl_tag); t = btf_add_type_mem(btf, sz); if (!t) return libbpf_err(-ENOMEM); value_off = btf__add_str(btf, value); if (value_off < 0) return value_off; t->name_off = value_off; t->info = btf_type_info(BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG, 0, false); t->type = ref_type_id; btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx = component_idx; return btf_commit_type(btf, sz); } struct btf_ext_sec_setup_param { __u32 off; __u32 len; __u32 min_rec_size; struct btf_ext_info *ext_info; const char *desc; }; static int btf_ext_setup_info(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, struct btf_ext_sec_setup_param *ext_sec) { const struct btf_ext_info_sec *sinfo; struct btf_ext_info *ext_info; __u32 info_left, record_size; size_t sec_cnt = 0; /* The start of the info sec (including the __u32 record_size). */ void *info; if (ext_sec->len == 0) return 0; if (ext_sec->off & 0x03) { pr_debug(".BTF.ext %s section is not aligned to 4 bytes\n", ext_sec->desc); return -EINVAL; } info = btf_ext->data + btf_ext->hdr->hdr_len + ext_sec->off; info_left = ext_sec->len; if (btf_ext->data + btf_ext->data_size < info + ext_sec->len) { pr_debug("%s section (off:%u len:%u) is beyond the end of the ELF section .BTF.ext\n", ext_sec->desc, ext_sec->off, ext_sec->len); return -EINVAL; } /* At least a record size */ if (info_left < sizeof(__u32)) { pr_debug(".BTF.ext %s record size not found\n", ext_sec->desc); return -EINVAL; } /* The record size needs to meet the minimum standard */ record_size = *(__u32 *)info; if (record_size < ext_sec->min_rec_size || record_size & 0x03) { pr_debug("%s section in .BTF.ext has invalid record size %u\n", ext_sec->desc, record_size); return -EINVAL; } sinfo = info + sizeof(__u32); info_left -= sizeof(__u32); /* If no records, return failure now so .BTF.ext won't be used. */ if (!info_left) { pr_debug("%s section in .BTF.ext has no records", ext_sec->desc); return -EINVAL; } while (info_left) { unsigned int sec_hdrlen = sizeof(struct btf_ext_info_sec); __u64 total_record_size; __u32 num_records; if (info_left < sec_hdrlen) { pr_debug("%s section header is not found in .BTF.ext\n", ext_sec->desc); return -EINVAL; } num_records = sinfo->num_info; if (num_records == 0) { pr_debug("%s section has incorrect num_records in .BTF.ext\n", ext_sec->desc); return -EINVAL; } total_record_size = sec_hdrlen + (__u64)num_records * record_size; if (info_left < total_record_size) { pr_debug("%s section has incorrect num_records in .BTF.ext\n", ext_sec->desc); return -EINVAL; } info_left -= total_record_size; sinfo = (void *)sinfo + total_record_size; sec_cnt++; } ext_info = ext_sec->ext_info; ext_info->len = ext_sec->len - sizeof(__u32); ext_info->rec_size = record_size; ext_info->info = info + sizeof(__u32); ext_info->sec_cnt = sec_cnt; return 0; } static int btf_ext_setup_func_info(struct btf_ext *btf_ext) { struct btf_ext_sec_setup_param param = { .off = btf_ext->hdr->func_info_off, .len = btf_ext->hdr->func_info_len, .min_rec_size = sizeof(struct bpf_func_info_min), .ext_info = &btf_ext->func_info, .desc = "func_info" }; return btf_ext_setup_info(btf_ext, ¶m); } static int btf_ext_setup_line_info(struct btf_ext *btf_ext) { struct btf_ext_sec_setup_param param = { .off = btf_ext->hdr->line_info_off, .len = btf_ext->hdr->line_info_len, .min_rec_size = sizeof(struct bpf_line_info_min), .ext_info = &btf_ext->line_info, .desc = "line_info", }; return btf_ext_setup_info(btf_ext, ¶m); } static int btf_ext_setup_core_relos(struct btf_ext *btf_ext) { struct btf_ext_sec_setup_param param = { .off = btf_ext->hdr->core_relo_off, .len = btf_ext->hdr->core_relo_len, .min_rec_size = sizeof(struct bpf_core_relo), .ext_info = &btf_ext->core_relo_info, .desc = "core_relo", }; return btf_ext_setup_info(btf_ext, ¶m); } static int btf_ext_parse_hdr(__u8 *data, __u32 data_size) { const struct btf_ext_header *hdr = (struct btf_ext_header *)data; if (data_size < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, hdr_len) || data_size < hdr->hdr_len) { pr_debug("BTF.ext header not found"); return -EINVAL; } if (hdr->magic == bswap_16(BTF_MAGIC)) { pr_warn("BTF.ext in non-native endianness is not supported\n"); return -ENOTSUP; } else if (hdr->magic != BTF_MAGIC) { pr_debug("Invalid BTF.ext magic:%x\n", hdr->magic); return -EINVAL; } if (hdr->version != BTF_VERSION) { pr_debug("Unsupported BTF.ext version:%u\n", hdr->version); return -ENOTSUP; } if (hdr->flags) { pr_debug("Unsupported BTF.ext flags:%x\n", hdr->flags); return -ENOTSUP; } if (data_size == hdr->hdr_len) { pr_debug("BTF.ext has no data\n"); return -EINVAL; } return 0; } void btf_ext__free(struct btf_ext *btf_ext) { if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(btf_ext)) return; free(btf_ext->func_info.sec_idxs); free(btf_ext->line_info.sec_idxs); free(btf_ext->core_relo_info.sec_idxs); free(btf_ext->data); free(btf_ext); } struct btf_ext *btf_ext__new(const __u8 *data, __u32 size) { struct btf_ext *btf_ext; int err; btf_ext = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf_ext)); if (!btf_ext) return libbpf_err_ptr(-ENOMEM); btf_ext->data_size = size; btf_ext->data = malloc(size); if (!btf_ext->data) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } memcpy(btf_ext->data, data, size); err = btf_ext_parse_hdr(btf_ext->data, size); if (err) goto done; if (btf_ext->hdr->hdr_len < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, line_info_len)) { err = -EINVAL; goto done; } err = btf_ext_setup_func_info(btf_ext); if (err) goto done; err = btf_ext_setup_line_info(btf_ext); if (err) goto done; if (btf_ext->hdr->hdr_len < offsetofend(struct btf_ext_header, core_relo_len)) goto done; /* skip core relos parsing */ err = btf_ext_setup_core_relos(btf_ext); if (err) goto done; done: if (err) { btf_ext__free(btf_ext); return libbpf_err_ptr(err); } return btf_ext; } const void *btf_ext__get_raw_data(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext, __u32 *size) { *size = btf_ext->data_size; return btf_ext->data; } struct btf_dedup; static struct btf_dedup *btf_dedup_new(struct btf *btf, const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts); static void btf_dedup_free(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_prep(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_strings(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_prim_types(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_struct_types(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_ref_types(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_resolve_fwds(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_compact_types(struct btf_dedup *d); static int btf_dedup_remap_types(struct btf_dedup *d); /* * Deduplicate BTF types and strings. * * BTF dedup algorithm takes as an input `struct btf` representing `.BTF` ELF * section with all BTF type descriptors and string data. It overwrites that * memory in-place with deduplicated types and strings without any loss of * information. If optional `struct btf_ext` representing '.BTF.ext' ELF section * is provided, all the strings referenced from .BTF.ext section are honored * and updated to point to the right offsets after deduplication. * * If function returns with error, type/string data might be garbled and should * be discarded. * * More verbose and detailed description of both problem btf_dedup is solving, * as well as solution could be found at: * https://facebookmicrosites.github.io/bpf/blog/2018/11/14/btf-enhancement.html * * Problem description and justification * ===================================== * * BTF type information is typically emitted either as a result of conversion * from DWARF to BTF or directly by compiler. In both cases, each compilation * unit contains information about a subset of all the types that are used * in an application. These subsets are frequently overlapping and contain a lot * of duplicated information when later concatenated together into a single * binary. This algorithm ensures that each unique type is represented by single * BTF type descriptor, greatly reducing resulting size of BTF data. * * Compilation unit isolation and subsequent duplication of data is not the only * problem. The same type hierarchy (e.g., struct and all the type that struct * references) in different compilation units can be represented in BTF to * various degrees of completeness (or, rather, incompleteness) due to * struct/union forward declarations. * * Let's take a look at an example, that we'll use to better understand the * problem (and solution). Suppose we have two compilation units, each using * same `struct S`, but each of them having incomplete type information about * struct's fields: * * // CU #1: * struct S; * struct A { * int a; * struct A* self; * struct S* parent; * }; * struct B; * struct S { * struct A* a_ptr; * struct B* b_ptr; * }; * * // CU #2: * struct S; * struct A; * struct B { * int b; * struct B* self; * struct S* parent; * }; * struct S { * struct A* a_ptr; * struct B* b_ptr; * }; * * In case of CU #1, BTF data will know only that `struct B` exist (but no * more), but will know the complete type information about `struct A`. While * for CU #2, it will know full type information about `struct B`, but will * only know about forward declaration of `struct A` (in BTF terms, it will * have `BTF_KIND_FWD` type descriptor with name `B`). * * This compilation unit isolation means that it's possible that there is no * single CU with complete type information describing structs `S`, `A`, and * `B`. Also, we might get tons of duplicated and redundant type information. * * Additional complication we need to keep in mind comes from the fact that * types, in general, can form graphs containing cycles, not just DAGs. * * While algorithm does deduplication, it also merges and resolves type * information (unless disabled throught `struct btf_opts`), whenever possible. * E.g., in the example above with two compilation units having partial type * information for structs `A` and `B`, the output of algorithm will emit * a single copy of each BTF type that describes structs `A`, `B`, and `S` * (as well as type information for `int` and pointers), as if they were defined * in a single compilation unit as: * * struct A { * int a; * struct A* self; * struct S* parent; * }; * struct B { * int b; * struct B* self; * struct S* parent; * }; * struct S { * struct A* a_ptr; * struct B* b_ptr; * }; * * Algorithm summary * ================= * * Algorithm completes its work in 7 separate passes: * * 1. Strings deduplication. * 2. Primitive types deduplication (int, enum, fwd). * 3. Struct/union types deduplication. * 4. Resolve unambiguous forward declarations. * 5. Reference types deduplication (pointers, typedefs, arrays, funcs, func * protos, and const/volatile/restrict modifiers). * 6. Types compaction. * 7. Types remapping. * * Algorithm determines canonical type descriptor, which is a single * representative type for each truly unique type. This canonical type is the * one that will go into final deduplicated BTF type information. For * struct/unions, it is also the type that algorithm will merge additional type * information into (while resolving FWDs), as it discovers it from data in * other CUs. Each input BTF type eventually gets either mapped to itself, if * that type is canonical, or to some other type, if that type is equivalent * and was chosen as canonical representative. This mapping is stored in * `btf_dedup->map` array. This map is also used to record STRUCT/UNION that * FWD type got resolved to. * * To facilitate fast discovery of canonical types, we also maintain canonical * index (`btf_dedup->dedup_table`), which maps type descriptor's signature hash * (i.e., hashed kind, name, size, fields, etc) into a list of canonical types * that match that signature. With sufficiently good choice of type signature * hashing function, we can limit number of canonical types for each unique type * signature to a very small number, allowing to find canonical type for any * duplicated type very quickly. * * Struct/union deduplication is the most critical part and algorithm for * deduplicating structs/unions is described in greater details in comments for * `btf_dedup_is_equiv` function. */ int btf__dedup(struct btf *btf, const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts) { struct btf_dedup *d; int err; if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, btf_dedup_opts)) return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); d = btf_dedup_new(btf, opts); if (IS_ERR(d)) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_new failed: %ld", PTR_ERR(d)); return libbpf_err(-EINVAL); } if (btf_ensure_modifiable(btf)) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } err = btf_dedup_prep(d); if (err) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_prep failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_strings(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_strings failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_prim_types(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_prim_types failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_struct_types(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_struct_types failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_resolve_fwds(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_resolve_fwds failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_ref_types(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_ref_types failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_compact_types(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_compact_types failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } err = btf_dedup_remap_types(d); if (err < 0) { pr_debug("btf_dedup_remap_types failed:%d\n", err); goto done; } done: btf_dedup_free(d); return libbpf_err(err); } #define BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID ((__u32)-1) #define BTF_IN_PROGRESS_ID ((__u32)-2) struct btf_dedup { /* .BTF section to be deduped in-place */ struct btf *btf; /* * Optional .BTF.ext section. When provided, any strings referenced * from it will be taken into account when deduping strings */ struct btf_ext *btf_ext; /* * This is a map from any type's signature hash to a list of possible * canonical representative type candidates. Hash collisions are * ignored, so even types of various kinds can share same list of * candidates, which is fine because we rely on subsequent * btf_xxx_equal() checks to authoritatively verify type equality. */ struct hashmap *dedup_table; /* Canonical types map */ __u32 *map; /* Hypothetical mapping, used during type graph equivalence checks */ __u32 *hypot_map; __u32 *hypot_list; size_t hypot_cnt; size_t hypot_cap; /* Whether hypothetical mapping, if successful, would need to adjust * already canonicalized types (due to a new forward declaration to * concrete type resolution). In such case, during split BTF dedup * candidate type would still be considered as different, because base * BTF is considered to be immutable. */ bool hypot_adjust_canon; /* Various option modifying behavior of algorithm */ struct btf_dedup_opts opts; /* temporary strings deduplication state */ struct strset *strs_set; }; static long hash_combine(long h, long value) { return h * 31 + value; } #define for_each_dedup_cand(d, node, hash) \ hashmap__for_each_key_entry(d->dedup_table, node, hash) static int btf_dedup_table_add(struct btf_dedup *d, long hash, __u32 type_id) { return hashmap__append(d->dedup_table, hash, type_id); } static int btf_dedup_hypot_map_add(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 from_id, __u32 to_id) { if (d->hypot_cnt == d->hypot_cap) { __u32 *new_list; d->hypot_cap += max((size_t)16, d->hypot_cap / 2); new_list = libbpf_reallocarray(d->hypot_list, d->hypot_cap, sizeof(__u32)); if (!new_list) return -ENOMEM; d->hypot_list = new_list; } d->hypot_list[d->hypot_cnt++] = from_id; d->hypot_map[from_id] = to_id; return 0; } static void btf_dedup_clear_hypot_map(struct btf_dedup *d) { int i; for (i = 0; i < d->hypot_cnt; i++) d->hypot_map[d->hypot_list[i]] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID; d->hypot_cnt = 0; d->hypot_adjust_canon = false; } static void btf_dedup_free(struct btf_dedup *d) { hashmap__free(d->dedup_table); d->dedup_table = NULL; free(d->map); d->map = NULL; free(d->hypot_map); d->hypot_map = NULL; free(d->hypot_list); d->hypot_list = NULL; free(d); } static size_t btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx) { return key; } static size_t btf_dedup_collision_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx) { return 0; } static bool btf_dedup_equal_fn(long k1, long k2, void *ctx) { return k1 == k2; } static struct btf_dedup *btf_dedup_new(struct btf *btf, const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts) { struct btf_dedup *d = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf_dedup)); hashmap_hash_fn hash_fn = btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn; int i, err = 0, type_cnt; if (!d) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); if (OPTS_GET(opts, force_collisions, false)) hash_fn = btf_dedup_collision_hash_fn; d->btf = btf; d->btf_ext = OPTS_GET(opts, btf_ext, NULL); d->dedup_table = hashmap__new(hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL); if (IS_ERR(d->dedup_table)) { err = PTR_ERR(d->dedup_table); d->dedup_table = NULL; goto done; } type_cnt = btf__type_cnt(btf); d->map = malloc(sizeof(__u32) * type_cnt); if (!d->map) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } /* special BTF "void" type is made canonical immediately */ d->map[0] = 0; for (i = 1; i < type_cnt; i++) { struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, i); /* VAR and DATASEC are never deduped and are self-canonical */ if (btf_is_var(t) || btf_is_datasec(t)) d->map[i] = i; else d->map[i] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID; } d->hypot_map = malloc(sizeof(__u32) * type_cnt); if (!d->hypot_map) { err = -ENOMEM; goto done; } for (i = 0; i < type_cnt; i++) d->hypot_map[i] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID; done: if (err) { btf_dedup_free(d); return ERR_PTR(err); } return d; } /* * Iterate over all possible places in .BTF and .BTF.ext that can reference * string and pass pointer to it to a provided callback `fn`. */ static int btf_for_each_str_off(struct btf_dedup *d, str_off_visit_fn fn, void *ctx) { int i, r; for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) { struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, d->btf->start_id + i); r = btf_type_visit_str_offs(t, fn, ctx); if (r) return r; } if (!d->btf_ext) return 0; r = btf_ext_visit_str_offs(d->btf_ext, fn, ctx); if (r) return r; return 0; } static int strs_dedup_remap_str_off(__u32 *str_off_ptr, void *ctx) { struct btf_dedup *d = ctx; __u32 str_off = *str_off_ptr; const char *s; int off, err; /* don't touch empty string or string in main BTF */ if (str_off == 0 || str_off < d->btf->start_str_off) return 0; s = btf__str_by_offset(d->btf, str_off); if (d->btf->base_btf) { err = btf__find_str(d->btf->base_btf, s); if (err >= 0) { *str_off_ptr = err; return 0; } if (err != -ENOENT) return err; } off = strset__add_str(d->strs_set, s); if (off < 0) return off; *str_off_ptr = d->btf->start_str_off + off; return 0; } /* * Dedup string and filter out those that are not referenced from either .BTF * or .BTF.ext (if provided) sections. * * This is done by building index of all strings in BTF's string section, * then iterating over all entities that can reference strings (e.g., type * names, struct field names, .BTF.ext line info, etc) and marking corresponding * strings as used. After that all used strings are deduped and compacted into * sequential blob of memory and new offsets are calculated. Then all the string * references are iterated again and rewritten using new offsets. */ static int btf_dedup_strings(struct btf_dedup *d) { int err; if (d->btf->strs_deduped) return 0; d->strs_set = strset__new(BTF_MAX_STR_OFFSET, NULL, 0); if (IS_ERR(d->strs_set)) { err = PTR_ERR(d->strs_set); goto err_out; } if (!d->btf->base_btf) { /* insert empty string; we won't be looking it up during strings * dedup, but it's good to have it for generic BTF string lookups */ err = strset__add_str(d->strs_set, ""); if (err < 0) goto err_out; } /* remap string offsets */ err = btf_for_each_str_off(d, strs_dedup_remap_str_off, d); if (err) goto err_out; /* replace BTF string data and hash with deduped ones */ strset__free(d->btf->strs_set); d->btf->hdr->str_len = strset__data_size(d->strs_set); d->btf->strs_set = d->strs_set; d->strs_set = NULL; d->btf->strs_deduped = true; return 0; err_out: strset__free(d->strs_set); d->strs_set = NULL; return err; } static long btf_hash_common(struct btf_type *t) { long h; h = hash_combine(0, t->name_off); h = hash_combine(h, t->info); h = hash_combine(h, t->size); return h; } static bool btf_equal_common(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { return t1->name_off == t2->name_off && t1->info == t2->info && t1->size == t2->size; } /* Calculate type signature hash of INT or TAG. */ static long btf_hash_int_decl_tag(struct btf_type *t) { __u32 info = *(__u32 *)(t + 1); long h; h = btf_hash_common(t); h = hash_combine(h, info); return h; } /* Check structural equality of two INTs or TAGs. */ static bool btf_equal_int_tag(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { __u32 info1, info2; if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2)) return false; info1 = *(__u32 *)(t1 + 1); info2 = *(__u32 *)(t2 + 1); return info1 == info2; } /* Calculate type signature hash of ENUM/ENUM64. */ static long btf_hash_enum(struct btf_type *t) { long h; /* don't hash vlen, enum members and size to support enum fwd resolving */ h = hash_combine(0, t->name_off); return h; } static bool btf_equal_enum_members(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { const struct btf_enum *m1, *m2; __u16 vlen; int i; vlen = btf_vlen(t1); m1 = btf_enum(t1); m2 = btf_enum(t2); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->val != m2->val) return false; m1++; m2++; } return true; } static bool btf_equal_enum64_members(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { const struct btf_enum64 *m1, *m2; __u16 vlen; int i; vlen = btf_vlen(t1); m1 = btf_enum64(t1); m2 = btf_enum64(t2); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->val_lo32 != m2->val_lo32 || m1->val_hi32 != m2->val_hi32) return false; m1++; m2++; } return true; } /* Check structural equality of two ENUMs or ENUM64s. */ static bool btf_equal_enum(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2)) return false; /* t1 & t2 kinds are identical because of btf_equal_common */ if (btf_kind(t1) == BTF_KIND_ENUM) return btf_equal_enum_members(t1, t2); else return btf_equal_enum64_members(t1, t2); } static inline bool btf_is_enum_fwd(struct btf_type *t) { return btf_is_any_enum(t) && btf_vlen(t) == 0; } static bool btf_compat_enum(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { if (!btf_is_enum_fwd(t1) && !btf_is_enum_fwd(t2)) return btf_equal_enum(t1, t2); /* At this point either t1 or t2 or both are forward declarations, thus: * - skip comparing vlen because it is zero for forward declarations; * - skip comparing size to allow enum forward declarations * to be compatible with enum64 full declarations; * - skip comparing kind for the same reason. */ return t1->name_off == t2->name_off && btf_is_any_enum(t1) && btf_is_any_enum(t2); } /* * Calculate type signature hash of STRUCT/UNION, ignoring referenced type IDs, * as referenced type IDs equivalence is established separately during type * graph equivalence check algorithm. */ static long btf_hash_struct(struct btf_type *t) { const struct btf_member *member = btf_members(t); __u32 vlen = btf_vlen(t); long h = btf_hash_common(t); int i; for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { h = hash_combine(h, member->name_off); h = hash_combine(h, member->offset); /* no hashing of referenced type ID, it can be unresolved yet */ member++; } return h; } /* * Check structural compatibility of two STRUCTs/UNIONs, ignoring referenced * type IDs. This check is performed during type graph equivalence check and * referenced types equivalence is checked separately. */ static bool btf_shallow_equal_struct(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { const struct btf_member *m1, *m2; __u16 vlen; int i; if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2)) return false; vlen = btf_vlen(t1); m1 = btf_members(t1); m2 = btf_members(t2); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->offset != m2->offset) return false; m1++; m2++; } return true; } /* * Calculate type signature hash of ARRAY, including referenced type IDs, * under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical type IDs and * are not going to change. */ static long btf_hash_array(struct btf_type *t) { const struct btf_array *info = btf_array(t); long h = btf_hash_common(t); h = hash_combine(h, info->type); h = hash_combine(h, info->index_type); h = hash_combine(h, info->nelems); return h; } /* * Check exact equality of two ARRAYs, taking into account referenced * type IDs, under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical * type IDs and are not going to change. * This function is called during reference types deduplication to compare * ARRAY to potential canonical representative. */ static bool btf_equal_array(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { const struct btf_array *info1, *info2; if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2)) return false; info1 = btf_array(t1); info2 = btf_array(t2); return info1->type == info2->type && info1->index_type == info2->index_type && info1->nelems == info2->nelems; } /* * Check structural compatibility of two ARRAYs, ignoring referenced type * IDs. This check is performed during type graph equivalence check and * referenced types equivalence is checked separately. */ static bool btf_compat_array(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2)) return false; return btf_array(t1)->nelems == btf_array(t2)->nelems; } /* * Calculate type signature hash of FUNC_PROTO, including referenced type IDs, * under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical type IDs and * are not going to change. */ static long btf_hash_fnproto(struct btf_type *t) { const struct btf_param *member = btf_params(t); __u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t); long h = btf_hash_common(t); int i; for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { h = hash_combine(h, member->name_off); h = hash_combine(h, member->type); member++; } return h; } /* * Check exact equality of two FUNC_PROTOs, taking into account referenced * type IDs, under assumption that they were already resolved to canonical * type IDs and are not going to change. * This function is called during reference types deduplication to compare * FUNC_PROTO to potential canonical representative. */ static bool btf_equal_fnproto(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { const struct btf_param *m1, *m2; __u16 vlen; int i; if (!btf_equal_common(t1, t2)) return false; vlen = btf_vlen(t1); m1 = btf_params(t1); m2 = btf_params(t2); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off || m1->type != m2->type) return false; m1++; m2++; } return true; } /* * Check structural compatibility of two FUNC_PROTOs, ignoring referenced type * IDs. This check is performed during type graph equivalence check and * referenced types equivalence is checked separately. */ static bool btf_compat_fnproto(struct btf_type *t1, struct btf_type *t2) { const struct btf_param *m1, *m2; __u16 vlen; int i; /* skip return type ID */ if (t1->name_off != t2->name_off || t1->info != t2->info) return false; vlen = btf_vlen(t1); m1 = btf_params(t1); m2 = btf_params(t2); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { if (m1->name_off != m2->name_off) return false; m1++; m2++; } return true; } /* Prepare split BTF for deduplication by calculating hashes of base BTF's * types and initializing the rest of the state (canonical type mapping) for * the fixed base BTF part. */ static int btf_dedup_prep(struct btf_dedup *d) { struct btf_type *t; int type_id; long h; if (!d->btf->base_btf) return 0; for (type_id = 1; type_id < d->btf->start_id; type_id++) { t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id); /* all base BTF types are self-canonical by definition */ d->map[type_id] = type_id; switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_VAR: case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: /* VAR and DATASEC are never hash/deduplicated */ continue; case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: h = btf_hash_common(t); break; case BTF_KIND_INT: case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t); break; case BTF_KIND_ENUM: case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: h = btf_hash_enum(t); break; case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: h = btf_hash_struct(t); break; case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: h = btf_hash_array(t); break; case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: h = btf_hash_fnproto(t); break; default: pr_debug("unknown kind %d for type [%d]\n", btf_kind(t), type_id); return -EINVAL; } if (btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id)) return -ENOMEM; } return 0; } /* * Deduplicate primitive types, that can't reference other types, by calculating * their type signature hash and comparing them with any possible canonical * candidate. If no canonical candidate matches, type itself is marked as * canonical and is added into `btf_dedup->dedup_table` as another candidate. */ static int btf_dedup_prim_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id) { struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id); struct hashmap_entry *hash_entry; struct btf_type *cand; /* if we don't find equivalent type, then we are canonical */ __u32 new_id = type_id; __u32 cand_id; long h; switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: case BTF_KIND_VAR: case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: return 0; case BTF_KIND_INT: h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_int_tag(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } } break; case BTF_KIND_ENUM: case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: h = btf_hash_enum(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_enum(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } if (btf_compat_enum(t, cand)) { if (btf_is_enum_fwd(t)) { /* resolve fwd to full enum */ new_id = cand_id; break; } /* resolve canonical enum fwd to full enum */ d->map[cand_id] = type_id; } } break; case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: h = btf_hash_common(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_common(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } } break; default: return -EINVAL; } d->map[type_id] = new_id; if (type_id == new_id && btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id)) return -ENOMEM; return 0; } static int btf_dedup_prim_types(struct btf_dedup *d) { int i, err; for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) { err = btf_dedup_prim_type(d, d->btf->start_id + i); if (err) return err; } return 0; } /* * Check whether type is already mapped into canonical one (could be to itself). */ static inline bool is_type_mapped(struct btf_dedup *d, uint32_t type_id) { return d->map[type_id] <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES; } /* * Resolve type ID into its canonical type ID, if any; otherwise return original * type ID. If type is FWD and is resolved into STRUCT/UNION already, follow * STRUCT/UNION link and resolve it into canonical type ID as well. */ static inline __u32 resolve_type_id(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id) { while (is_type_mapped(d, type_id) && d->map[type_id] != type_id) type_id = d->map[type_id]; return type_id; } /* * Resolve FWD to underlying STRUCT/UNION, if any; otherwise return original * type ID. */ static uint32_t resolve_fwd_id(struct btf_dedup *d, uint32_t type_id) { __u32 orig_type_id = type_id; if (!btf_is_fwd(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, type_id))) return type_id; while (is_type_mapped(d, type_id) && d->map[type_id] != type_id) type_id = d->map[type_id]; if (!btf_is_fwd(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, type_id))) return type_id; return orig_type_id; } static inline __u16 btf_fwd_kind(struct btf_type *t) { return btf_kflag(t) ? BTF_KIND_UNION : BTF_KIND_STRUCT; } /* Check if given two types are identical ARRAY definitions */ static bool btf_dedup_identical_arrays(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 id1, __u32 id2) { struct btf_type *t1, *t2; t1 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id1); t2 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id2); if (!btf_is_array(t1) || !btf_is_array(t2)) return false; return btf_equal_array(t1, t2); } /* Check if given two types are identical STRUCT/UNION definitions */ static bool btf_dedup_identical_structs(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 id1, __u32 id2) { const struct btf_member *m1, *m2; struct btf_type *t1, *t2; int n, i; t1 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id1); t2 = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, id2); if (!btf_is_composite(t1) || btf_kind(t1) != btf_kind(t2)) return false; if (!btf_shallow_equal_struct(t1, t2)) return false; m1 = btf_members(t1); m2 = btf_members(t2); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t1); i < n; i++, m1++, m2++) { if (m1->type != m2->type && !btf_dedup_identical_arrays(d, m1->type, m2->type) && !btf_dedup_identical_structs(d, m1->type, m2->type)) return false; } return true; } /* * Check equivalence of BTF type graph formed by candidate struct/union (we'll * call it "candidate graph" in this description for brevity) to a type graph * formed by (potential) canonical struct/union ("canonical graph" for brevity * here, though keep in mind that not all types in canonical graph are * necessarily canonical representatives themselves, some of them might be * duplicates or its uniqueness might not have been established yet). * Returns: * - >0, if type graphs are equivalent; * - 0, if not equivalent; * - <0, on error. * * Algorithm performs side-by-side DFS traversal of both type graphs and checks * equivalence of BTF types at each step. If at any point BTF types in candidate * and canonical graphs are not compatible structurally, whole graphs are * incompatible. If types are structurally equivalent (i.e., all information * except referenced type IDs is exactly the same), a mapping from `canon_id` to * a `cand_id` is recored in hypothetical mapping (`btf_dedup->hypot_map`). * If a type references other types, then those referenced types are checked * for equivalence recursively. * * During DFS traversal, if we find that for current `canon_id` type we * already have some mapping in hypothetical map, we check for two possible * situations: * - `canon_id` is mapped to exactly the same type as `cand_id`. This will * happen when type graphs have cycles. In this case we assume those two * types are equivalent. * - `canon_id` is mapped to different type. This is contradiction in our * hypothetical mapping, because same graph in canonical graph corresponds * to two different types in candidate graph, which for equivalent type * graphs shouldn't happen. This condition terminates equivalence check * with negative result. * * If type graphs traversal exhausts types to check and find no contradiction, * then type graphs are equivalent. * * When checking types for equivalence, there is one special case: FWD types. * If FWD type resolution is allowed and one of the types (either from canonical * or candidate graph) is FWD and other is STRUCT/UNION (depending on FWD's kind * flag) and their names match, hypothetical mapping is updated to point from * FWD to STRUCT/UNION. If graphs will be determined as equivalent successfully, * this mapping will be used to record FWD -> STRUCT/UNION mapping permanently. * * Technically, this could lead to incorrect FWD to STRUCT/UNION resolution, * if there are two exactly named (or anonymous) structs/unions that are * compatible structurally, one of which has FWD field, while other is concrete * STRUCT/UNION, but according to C sources they are different structs/unions * that are referencing different types with the same name. This is extremely * unlikely to happen, but btf_dedup API allows to disable FWD resolution if * this logic is causing problems. * * Doing FWD resolution means that both candidate and/or canonical graphs can * consists of portions of the graph that come from multiple compilation units. * This is due to the fact that types within single compilation unit are always * deduplicated and FWDs are already resolved, if referenced struct/union * definiton is available. So, if we had unresolved FWD and found corresponding * STRUCT/UNION, they will be from different compilation units. This * consequently means that when we "link" FWD to corresponding STRUCT/UNION, * type graph will likely have at least two different BTF types that describe * same type (e.g., most probably there will be two different BTF types for the * same 'int' primitive type) and could even have "overlapping" parts of type * graph that describe same subset of types. * * This in turn means that our assumption that each type in canonical graph * must correspond to exactly one type in candidate graph might not hold * anymore and will make it harder to detect contradictions using hypothetical * map. To handle this problem, we allow to follow FWD -> STRUCT/UNION * resolution only in canonical graph. FWDs in candidate graphs are never * resolved. To see why it's OK, let's check all possible situations w.r.t. FWDs * that can occur: * - Both types in canonical and candidate graphs are FWDs. If they are * structurally equivalent, then they can either be both resolved to the * same STRUCT/UNION or not resolved at all. In both cases they are * equivalent and there is no need to resolve FWD on candidate side. * - Both types in canonical and candidate graphs are concrete STRUCT/UNION, * so nothing to resolve as well, algorithm will check equivalence anyway. * - Type in canonical graph is FWD, while type in candidate is concrete * STRUCT/UNION. In this case candidate graph comes from single compilation * unit, so there is exactly one BTF type for each unique C type. After * resolving FWD into STRUCT/UNION, there might be more than one BTF type * in canonical graph mapping to single BTF type in candidate graph, but * because hypothetical mapping maps from canonical to candidate types, it's * alright, and we still maintain the property of having single `canon_id` * mapping to single `cand_id` (there could be two different `canon_id` * mapped to the same `cand_id`, but it's not contradictory). * - Type in canonical graph is concrete STRUCT/UNION, while type in candidate * graph is FWD. In this case we are just going to check compatibility of * STRUCT/UNION and corresponding FWD, and if they are compatible, we'll * assume that whatever STRUCT/UNION FWD resolves to must be equivalent to * a concrete STRUCT/UNION from canonical graph. If the rest of type graphs * turn out equivalent, we'll re-resolve FWD to concrete STRUCT/UNION from * canonical graph. */ static int btf_dedup_is_equiv(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 cand_id, __u32 canon_id) { struct btf_type *cand_type; struct btf_type *canon_type; __u32 hypot_type_id; __u16 cand_kind; __u16 canon_kind; int i, eq; /* if both resolve to the same canonical, they must be equivalent */ if (resolve_type_id(d, cand_id) == resolve_type_id(d, canon_id)) return 1; canon_id = resolve_fwd_id(d, canon_id); hypot_type_id = d->hypot_map[canon_id]; if (hypot_type_id <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES) { if (hypot_type_id == cand_id) return 1; /* In some cases compiler will generate different DWARF types * for *identical* array type definitions and use them for * different fields within the *same* struct. This breaks type * equivalence check, which makes an assumption that candidate * types sub-graph has a consistent and deduped-by-compiler * types within a single CU. So work around that by explicitly * allowing identical array types here. */ if (btf_dedup_identical_arrays(d, hypot_type_id, cand_id)) return 1; /* It turns out that similar situation can happen with * struct/union sometimes, sigh... Handle the case where * structs/unions are exactly the same, down to the referenced * type IDs. Anything more complicated (e.g., if referenced * types are different, but equivalent) is *way more* * complicated and requires a many-to-many equivalence mapping. */ if (btf_dedup_identical_structs(d, hypot_type_id, cand_id)) return 1; return 0; } if (btf_dedup_hypot_map_add(d, canon_id, cand_id)) return -ENOMEM; cand_type = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); canon_type = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, canon_id); cand_kind = btf_kind(cand_type); canon_kind = btf_kind(canon_type); if (cand_type->name_off != canon_type->name_off) return 0; /* FWD <--> STRUCT/UNION equivalence check, if enabled */ if ((cand_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD || canon_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD) && cand_kind != canon_kind) { __u16 real_kind; __u16 fwd_kind; if (cand_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD) { real_kind = canon_kind; fwd_kind = btf_fwd_kind(cand_type); } else { real_kind = cand_kind; fwd_kind = btf_fwd_kind(canon_type); /* we'd need to resolve base FWD to STRUCT/UNION */ if (fwd_kind == real_kind && canon_id < d->btf->start_id) d->hypot_adjust_canon = true; } return fwd_kind == real_kind; } if (cand_kind != canon_kind) return 0; switch (cand_kind) { case BTF_KIND_INT: return btf_equal_int_tag(cand_type, canon_type); case BTF_KIND_ENUM: case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: return btf_compat_enum(cand_type, canon_type); case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: return btf_equal_common(cand_type, canon_type); case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: if (cand_type->info != canon_type->info) return 0; return btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_type->type, canon_type->type); case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: { const struct btf_array *cand_arr, *canon_arr; if (!btf_compat_array(cand_type, canon_type)) return 0; cand_arr = btf_array(cand_type); canon_arr = btf_array(canon_type); eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_arr->index_type, canon_arr->index_type); if (eq <= 0) return eq; return btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_arr->type, canon_arr->type); } case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: { const struct btf_member *cand_m, *canon_m; __u16 vlen; if (!btf_shallow_equal_struct(cand_type, canon_type)) return 0; vlen = btf_vlen(cand_type); cand_m = btf_members(cand_type); canon_m = btf_members(canon_type); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_m->type, canon_m->type); if (eq <= 0) return eq; cand_m++; canon_m++; } return 1; } case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: { const struct btf_param *cand_p, *canon_p; __u16 vlen; if (!btf_compat_fnproto(cand_type, canon_type)) return 0; eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_type->type, canon_type->type); if (eq <= 0) return eq; vlen = btf_vlen(cand_type); cand_p = btf_params(cand_type); canon_p = btf_params(canon_type); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, cand_p->type, canon_p->type); if (eq <= 0) return eq; cand_p++; canon_p++; } return 1; } default: return -EINVAL; } return 0; } /* * Use hypothetical mapping, produced by successful type graph equivalence * check, to augment existing struct/union canonical mapping, where possible. * * If BTF_KIND_FWD resolution is allowed, this mapping is also used to record * FWD -> STRUCT/UNION correspondence as well. FWD resolution is bidirectional: * it doesn't matter if FWD type was part of canonical graph or candidate one, * we are recording the mapping anyway. As opposed to carefulness required * for struct/union correspondence mapping (described below), for FWD resolution * it's not important, as by the time that FWD type (reference type) will be * deduplicated all structs/unions will be deduped already anyway. * * Recording STRUCT/UNION mapping is purely a performance optimization and is * not required for correctness. It needs to be done carefully to ensure that * struct/union from candidate's type graph is not mapped into corresponding * struct/union from canonical type graph that itself hasn't been resolved into * canonical representative. The only guarantee we have is that canonical * struct/union was determined as canonical and that won't change. But any * types referenced through that struct/union fields could have been not yet * resolved, so in case like that it's too early to establish any kind of * correspondence between structs/unions. * * No canonical correspondence is derived for primitive types (they are already * deduplicated completely already anyway) or reference types (they rely on * stability of struct/union canonical relationship for equivalence checks). */ static void btf_dedup_merge_hypot_map(struct btf_dedup *d) { __u32 canon_type_id, targ_type_id; __u16 t_kind, c_kind; __u32 t_id, c_id; int i; for (i = 0; i < d->hypot_cnt; i++) { canon_type_id = d->hypot_list[i]; targ_type_id = d->hypot_map[canon_type_id]; t_id = resolve_type_id(d, targ_type_id); c_id = resolve_type_id(d, canon_type_id); t_kind = btf_kind(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, t_id)); c_kind = btf_kind(btf__type_by_id(d->btf, c_id)); /* * Resolve FWD into STRUCT/UNION. * It's ok to resolve FWD into STRUCT/UNION that's not yet * mapped to canonical representative (as opposed to * STRUCT/UNION <--> STRUCT/UNION mapping logic below), because * eventually that struct is going to be mapped and all resolved * FWDs will automatically resolve to correct canonical * representative. This will happen before ref type deduping, * which critically depends on stability of these mapping. This * stability is not a requirement for STRUCT/UNION equivalence * checks, though. */ /* if it's the split BTF case, we still need to point base FWD * to STRUCT/UNION in a split BTF, because FWDs from split BTF * will be resolved against base FWD. If we don't point base * canonical FWD to the resolved STRUCT/UNION, then all the * FWDs in split BTF won't be correctly resolved to a proper * STRUCT/UNION. */ if (t_kind != BTF_KIND_FWD && c_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD) d->map[c_id] = t_id; /* if graph equivalence determined that we'd need to adjust * base canonical types, then we need to only point base FWDs * to STRUCTs/UNIONs and do no more modifications. For all * other purposes the type graphs were not equivalent. */ if (d->hypot_adjust_canon) continue; if (t_kind == BTF_KIND_FWD && c_kind != BTF_KIND_FWD) d->map[t_id] = c_id; if ((t_kind == BTF_KIND_STRUCT || t_kind == BTF_KIND_UNION) && c_kind != BTF_KIND_FWD && is_type_mapped(d, c_id) && !is_type_mapped(d, t_id)) { /* * as a perf optimization, we can map struct/union * that's part of type graph we just verified for * equivalence. We can do that for struct/union that has * canonical representative only, though. */ d->map[t_id] = c_id; } } } /* * Deduplicate struct/union types. * * For each struct/union type its type signature hash is calculated, taking * into account type's name, size, number, order and names of fields, but * ignoring type ID's referenced from fields, because they might not be deduped * completely until after reference types deduplication phase. This type hash * is used to iterate over all potential canonical types, sharing same hash. * For each canonical candidate we check whether type graphs that they form * (through referenced types in fields and so on) are equivalent using algorithm * implemented in `btf_dedup_is_equiv`. If such equivalence is found and * BTF_KIND_FWD resolution is allowed, then hypothetical mapping * (btf_dedup->hypot_map) produced by aforementioned type graph equivalence * algorithm is used to record FWD -> STRUCT/UNION mapping. It's also used to * potentially map other structs/unions to their canonical representatives, * if such relationship hasn't yet been established. This speeds up algorithm * by eliminating some of the duplicate work. * * If no matching canonical representative was found, struct/union is marked * as canonical for itself and is added into btf_dedup->dedup_table hash map * for further look ups. */ static int btf_dedup_struct_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id) { struct btf_type *cand_type, *t; struct hashmap_entry *hash_entry; /* if we don't find equivalent type, then we are canonical */ __u32 new_id = type_id; __u16 kind; long h; /* already deduped or is in process of deduping (loop detected) */ if (d->map[type_id] <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES) return 0; t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id); kind = btf_kind(t); if (kind != BTF_KIND_STRUCT && kind != BTF_KIND_UNION) return 0; h = btf_hash_struct(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { __u32 cand_id = hash_entry->value; int eq; /* * Even though btf_dedup_is_equiv() checks for * btf_shallow_equal_struct() internally when checking two * structs (unions) for equivalence, we need to guard here * from picking matching FWD type as a dedup candidate. * This can happen due to hash collision. In such case just * relying on btf_dedup_is_equiv() would lead to potentially * creating a loop (FWD -> STRUCT and STRUCT -> FWD), because * FWD and compatible STRUCT/UNION are considered equivalent. */ cand_type = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (!btf_shallow_equal_struct(t, cand_type)) continue; btf_dedup_clear_hypot_map(d); eq = btf_dedup_is_equiv(d, type_id, cand_id); if (eq < 0) return eq; if (!eq) continue; btf_dedup_merge_hypot_map(d); if (d->hypot_adjust_canon) /* not really equivalent */ continue; new_id = cand_id; break; } d->map[type_id] = new_id; if (type_id == new_id && btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id)) return -ENOMEM; return 0; } static int btf_dedup_struct_types(struct btf_dedup *d) { int i, err; for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) { err = btf_dedup_struct_type(d, d->btf->start_id + i); if (err) return err; } return 0; } /* * Deduplicate reference type. * * Once all primitive and struct/union types got deduplicated, we can easily * deduplicate all other (reference) BTF types. This is done in two steps: * * 1. Resolve all referenced type IDs into their canonical type IDs. This * resolution can be done either immediately for primitive or struct/union types * (because they were deduped in previous two phases) or recursively for * reference types. Recursion will always terminate at either primitive or * struct/union type, at which point we can "unwind" chain of reference types * one by one. There is no danger of encountering cycles because in C type * system the only way to form type cycle is through struct/union, so any chain * of reference types, even those taking part in a type cycle, will inevitably * reach struct/union at some point. * * 2. Once all referenced type IDs are resolved into canonical ones, BTF type * becomes "stable", in the sense that no further deduplication will cause * any changes to it. With that, it's now possible to calculate type's signature * hash (this time taking into account referenced type IDs) and loop over all * potential canonical representatives. If no match was found, current type * will become canonical representative of itself and will be added into * btf_dedup->dedup_table as another possible canonical representative. */ static int btf_dedup_ref_type(struct btf_dedup *d, __u32 type_id) { struct hashmap_entry *hash_entry; __u32 new_id = type_id, cand_id; struct btf_type *t, *cand; /* if we don't find equivalent type, then we are representative type */ int ref_type_id; long h; if (d->map[type_id] == BTF_IN_PROGRESS_ID) return -ELOOP; if (d->map[type_id] <= BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES) return resolve_type_id(d, type_id); t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id); d->map[type_id] = BTF_IN_PROGRESS_ID; switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type); if (ref_type_id < 0) return ref_type_id; t->type = ref_type_id; h = btf_hash_common(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_common(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } } break; case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type); if (ref_type_id < 0) return ref_type_id; t->type = ref_type_id; h = btf_hash_int_decl_tag(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_int_tag(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } } break; case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: { struct btf_array *info = btf_array(t); ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, info->type); if (ref_type_id < 0) return ref_type_id; info->type = ref_type_id; ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, info->index_type); if (ref_type_id < 0) return ref_type_id; info->index_type = ref_type_id; h = btf_hash_array(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_array(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } } break; } case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: { struct btf_param *param; __u16 vlen; int i; ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, t->type); if (ref_type_id < 0) return ref_type_id; t->type = ref_type_id; vlen = btf_vlen(t); param = btf_params(t); for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) { ref_type_id = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, param->type); if (ref_type_id < 0) return ref_type_id; param->type = ref_type_id; param++; } h = btf_hash_fnproto(t); for_each_dedup_cand(d, hash_entry, h) { cand_id = hash_entry->value; cand = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); if (btf_equal_fnproto(t, cand)) { new_id = cand_id; break; } } break; } default: return -EINVAL; } d->map[type_id] = new_id; if (type_id == new_id && btf_dedup_table_add(d, h, type_id)) return -ENOMEM; return new_id; } static int btf_dedup_ref_types(struct btf_dedup *d) { int i, err; for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) { err = btf_dedup_ref_type(d, d->btf->start_id + i); if (err < 0) return err; } /* we won't need d->dedup_table anymore */ hashmap__free(d->dedup_table); d->dedup_table = NULL; return 0; } /* * Collect a map from type names to type ids for all canonical structs * and unions. If the same name is shared by several canonical types * use a special value 0 to indicate this fact. */ static int btf_dedup_fill_unique_names_map(struct btf_dedup *d, struct hashmap *names_map) { __u32 nr_types = btf__type_cnt(d->btf); struct btf_type *t; __u32 type_id; __u16 kind; int err; /* * Iterate over base and split module ids in order to get all * available structs in the map. */ for (type_id = 1; type_id < nr_types; ++type_id) { t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id); kind = btf_kind(t); if (kind != BTF_KIND_STRUCT && kind != BTF_KIND_UNION) continue; /* Skip non-canonical types */ if (type_id != d->map[type_id]) continue; err = hashmap__add(names_map, t->name_off, type_id); if (err == -EEXIST) err = hashmap__set(names_map, t->name_off, 0, NULL, NULL); if (err) return err; } return 0; } static int btf_dedup_resolve_fwd(struct btf_dedup *d, struct hashmap *names_map, __u32 type_id) { struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, type_id); enum btf_fwd_kind fwd_kind = btf_kflag(t); __u16 cand_kind, kind = btf_kind(t); struct btf_type *cand_t; uintptr_t cand_id; if (kind != BTF_KIND_FWD) return 0; /* Skip if this FWD already has a mapping */ if (type_id != d->map[type_id]) return 0; if (!hashmap__find(names_map, t->name_off, &cand_id)) return 0; /* Zero is a special value indicating that name is not unique */ if (!cand_id) return 0; cand_t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, cand_id); cand_kind = btf_kind(cand_t); if ((cand_kind == BTF_KIND_STRUCT && fwd_kind != BTF_FWD_STRUCT) || (cand_kind == BTF_KIND_UNION && fwd_kind != BTF_FWD_UNION)) return 0; d->map[type_id] = cand_id; return 0; } /* * Resolve unambiguous forward declarations. * * The lion's share of all FWD declarations is resolved during * `btf_dedup_struct_types` phase when different type graphs are * compared against each other. However, if in some compilation unit a * FWD declaration is not a part of a type graph compared against * another type graph that declaration's canonical type would not be * changed. Example: * * CU #1: * * struct foo; * struct foo *some_global; * * CU #2: * * struct foo { int u; }; * struct foo *another_global; * * After `btf_dedup_struct_types` the BTF looks as follows: * * [1] STRUCT 'foo' size=4 vlen=1 ... * [2] INT 'int' size=4 ... * [3] PTR '(anon)' type_id=1 * [4] FWD 'foo' fwd_kind=struct * [5] PTR '(anon)' type_id=4 * * This pass assumes that such FWD declarations should be mapped to * structs or unions with identical name in case if the name is not * ambiguous. */ static int btf_dedup_resolve_fwds(struct btf_dedup *d) { int i, err; struct hashmap *names_map; names_map = hashmap__new(btf_dedup_identity_hash_fn, btf_dedup_equal_fn, NULL); if (IS_ERR(names_map)) return PTR_ERR(names_map); err = btf_dedup_fill_unique_names_map(d, names_map); if (err < 0) goto exit; for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) { err = btf_dedup_resolve_fwd(d, names_map, d->btf->start_id + i); if (err < 0) break; } exit: hashmap__free(names_map); return err; } /* * Compact types. * * After we established for each type its corresponding canonical representative * type, we now can eliminate types that are not canonical and leave only * canonical ones layed out sequentially in memory by copying them over * duplicates. During compaction btf_dedup->hypot_map array is reused to store * a map from original type ID to a new compacted type ID, which will be used * during next phase to "fix up" type IDs, referenced from struct/union and * reference types. */ static int btf_dedup_compact_types(struct btf_dedup *d) { __u32 *new_offs; __u32 next_type_id = d->btf->start_id; const struct btf_type *t; void *p; int i, id, len; /* we are going to reuse hypot_map to store compaction remapping */ d->hypot_map[0] = 0; /* base BTF types are not renumbered */ for (id = 1; id < d->btf->start_id; id++) d->hypot_map[id] = id; for (i = 0, id = d->btf->start_id; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++, id++) d->hypot_map[id] = BTF_UNPROCESSED_ID; p = d->btf->types_data; for (i = 0, id = d->btf->start_id; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++, id++) { if (d->map[id] != id) continue; t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id); len = btf_type_size(t); if (len < 0) return len; memmove(p, t, len); d->hypot_map[id] = next_type_id; d->btf->type_offs[next_type_id - d->btf->start_id] = p - d->btf->types_data; p += len; next_type_id++; } /* shrink struct btf's internal types index and update btf_header */ d->btf->nr_types = next_type_id - d->btf->start_id; d->btf->type_offs_cap = d->btf->nr_types; d->btf->hdr->type_len = p - d->btf->types_data; new_offs = libbpf_reallocarray(d->btf->type_offs, d->btf->type_offs_cap, sizeof(*new_offs)); if (d->btf->type_offs_cap && !new_offs) return -ENOMEM; d->btf->type_offs = new_offs; d->btf->hdr->str_off = d->btf->hdr->type_len; d->btf->raw_size = d->btf->hdr->hdr_len + d->btf->hdr->type_len + d->btf->hdr->str_len; return 0; } /* * Figure out final (deduplicated and compacted) type ID for provided original * `type_id` by first resolving it into corresponding canonical type ID and * then mapping it to a deduplicated type ID, stored in btf_dedup->hypot_map, * which is populated during compaction phase. */ static int btf_dedup_remap_type_id(__u32 *type_id, void *ctx) { struct btf_dedup *d = ctx; __u32 resolved_type_id, new_type_id; resolved_type_id = resolve_type_id(d, *type_id); new_type_id = d->hypot_map[resolved_type_id]; if (new_type_id > BTF_MAX_NR_TYPES) return -EINVAL; *type_id = new_type_id; return 0; } /* * Remap referenced type IDs into deduped type IDs. * * After BTF types are deduplicated and compacted, their final type IDs may * differ from original ones. The map from original to a corresponding * deduped type ID is stored in btf_dedup->hypot_map and is populated during * compaction phase. During remapping phase we are rewriting all type IDs * referenced from any BTF type (e.g., struct fields, func proto args, etc) to * their final deduped type IDs. */ static int btf_dedup_remap_types(struct btf_dedup *d) { int i, r; for (i = 0; i < d->btf->nr_types; i++) { struct btf_type *t = btf_type_by_id(d->btf, d->btf->start_id + i); r = btf_type_visit_type_ids(t, btf_dedup_remap_type_id, d); if (r) return r; } if (!d->btf_ext) return 0; r = btf_ext_visit_type_ids(d->btf_ext, btf_dedup_remap_type_id, d); if (r) return r; return 0; } /* * Probe few well-known locations for vmlinux kernel image and try to load BTF * data out of it to use for target BTF. */ struct btf *btf__load_vmlinux_btf(void) { const char *locations[] = { /* try canonical vmlinux BTF through sysfs first */ "/sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux", /* fall back to trying to find vmlinux on disk otherwise */ "/boot/vmlinux-%1$s", "/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux-%1$s", "/lib/modules/%1$s/build/vmlinux", "/usr/lib/modules/%1$s/kernel/vmlinux", "/usr/lib/debug/boot/vmlinux-%1$s", "/usr/lib/debug/boot/vmlinux-%1$s.debug", "/usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/%1$s/vmlinux", }; char path[PATH_MAX + 1]; struct utsname buf; struct btf *btf; int i, err; uname(&buf); for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(locations); i++) { snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, locations[i], buf.release); if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, path, R_OK, AT_EACCESS)) continue; btf = btf__parse(path, NULL); err = libbpf_get_error(btf); pr_debug("loading kernel BTF '%s': %d\n", path, err); if (err) continue; return btf; } pr_warn("failed to find valid kernel BTF\n"); return libbpf_err_ptr(-ESRCH); } struct btf *libbpf_find_kernel_btf(void) __attribute__((alias("btf__load_vmlinux_btf"))); struct btf *btf__load_module_btf(const char *module_name, struct btf *vmlinux_btf) { char path[80]; snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/kernel/btf/%s", module_name); return btf__parse_split(path, vmlinux_btf); } int btf_type_visit_type_ids(struct btf_type *t, type_id_visit_fn visit, void *ctx) { int i, n, err; switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_INT: case BTF_KIND_FLOAT: case BTF_KIND_ENUM: case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: return 0; case BTF_KIND_FWD: case BTF_KIND_CONST: case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE: case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT: case BTF_KIND_PTR: case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: case BTF_KIND_FUNC: case BTF_KIND_VAR: case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG: case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG: return visit(&t->type, ctx); case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: { struct btf_array *a = btf_array(t); err = visit(&a->type, ctx); err = err ?: visit(&a->index_type, ctx); return err; } case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: { struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->type, ctx); if (err) return err; } return 0; } case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: { struct btf_param *m = btf_params(t); err = visit(&t->type, ctx); if (err) return err; for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->type, ctx); if (err) return err; } return 0; } case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: { struct btf_var_secinfo *m = btf_var_secinfos(t); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->type, ctx); if (err) return err; } return 0; } default: return -EINVAL; } } int btf_type_visit_str_offs(struct btf_type *t, str_off_visit_fn visit, void *ctx) { int i, n, err; err = visit(&t->name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; switch (btf_kind(t)) { case BTF_KIND_STRUCT: case BTF_KIND_UNION: { struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_ENUM: { struct btf_enum *m = btf_enum(t); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_ENUM64: { struct btf_enum64 *m = btf_enum64(t); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } break; } case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: { struct btf_param *m = btf_params(t); for (i = 0, n = btf_vlen(t); i < n; i++, m++) { err = visit(&m->name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } break; } default: break; } return 0; } int btf_ext_visit_type_ids(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, type_id_visit_fn visit, void *ctx) { const struct btf_ext_info *seg; struct btf_ext_info_sec *sec; int i, err; seg = &btf_ext->func_info; for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) { struct bpf_func_info_min *rec; for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) { err = visit(&rec->type_id, ctx); if (err < 0) return err; } } seg = &btf_ext->core_relo_info; for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) { struct bpf_core_relo *rec; for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) { err = visit(&rec->type_id, ctx); if (err < 0) return err; } } return 0; } int btf_ext_visit_str_offs(struct btf_ext *btf_ext, str_off_visit_fn visit, void *ctx) { const struct btf_ext_info *seg; struct btf_ext_info_sec *sec; int i, err; seg = &btf_ext->func_info; for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) { err = visit(&sec->sec_name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } seg = &btf_ext->line_info; for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) { struct bpf_line_info_min *rec; err = visit(&sec->sec_name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) { err = visit(&rec->file_name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; err = visit(&rec->line_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } } seg = &btf_ext->core_relo_info; for_each_btf_ext_sec(seg, sec) { struct bpf_core_relo *rec; err = visit(&sec->sec_name_off, ctx); if (err) return err; for_each_btf_ext_rec(seg, sec, i, rec) { err = visit(&rec->access_str_off, ctx); if (err) return err; } } return 0; }
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